The effects of land use conversion on soil organic carbon and selected properties of soils: A case of Nigde province

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 4, 362 - 367, 30.12.2018

Selma Yaşar Korkanç , Halil Şahin Ahmet Onur Özden Burak Özkurt

https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.436132

Cited By: 3

Öz

The aim of this study was to determine land use change effects on soil organic carbon and some selected soil properties in a land converted from rangeland to fast growing poplar plantation area 15 years ago. Soil samples were taken according to the systematic sampling method in two different land use types; rangeland and poplar plantation. 12 of disturbed and 12 of undisturbed (using 100 cm3 bulk steel cylinders) topsoil samples (0-20 cm depth) were taken from each land use types. Soil samples were analyzed for particle size distribution (texture), particle density, pH, electrical conductivity, organic carbon, aggregate stability, bulk density, total porosity, water holding capacity, and dispersion ratio. Data were analyzed by using one way analysis of variance at 95 % significance level. According to results of this study, bulk density, total porosity, pH, organic carbon, aggregate stability, clay, sand, silt and dispersion ratio values of the soils were affected from land use conversion. Soil organic carbon, aggregate stability and total porosity of soils increased whereas bulk density and pH of soils decreased after land cover change from rangeland to poplar plantation area.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Land use change, Soil properties, Soil organic carbon, Agroforestry, Fast growing plantation

Arazi kullanımı dönüşümlerinin toprakların organik karbon depolama ve bazı özellikleri üzerindeki etkileri: Niğde yöresi örneği

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Niğde yöresinde 15 yıl önce kavaklığa dönüştürülmüş bir bozuk mera alanının organik karbon düzeyinde ve bazı toprak özelliklerinde arazi kullanım değişiminin etkisini ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmada, komşu mera ve kavaklık alan olmak üzere iki farklı arazi kullanım şeklinden sistematik örnekleme yöntemine göre 12 farklı noktadan 0-20 cm derinlikten doğal yapısı bozulmuş ve doğal yapısı bozulmamış toprak örneği alınmıştır. Tane boyut dağılımı (tekstür), tane yoğunluğu, pH, elektriksel iletkenlik, organik karbon, agregat stabilitesi, hacim ağırlığı, boşluk hacmi, maksimum su tutma kapasitesi, dispersiyon oranı özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Veriler tek yönlü varyans analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda arazi kullanımı değişiminden hacim ağırlığı, boşluk hacmi, pH, organik karbon, agregat stabilitesi, kil, kum, silt ve dispersiyon oranı özelliklerinin etkilendiği belirlenmiştir. Kavaklık alanda organik karbon, agregat stabilitesi ve boşluk hacminde 15 yıllık periyotta artış olduğu, hacim ağırlığı ve pH’da ise azalma olduğu saptanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Arazi kullanımı değişimi, Toprak özellikleri, Organik karbon, Tarımsal ormancılık, Hızlı gelişen tür

Kaynakça

• Altınbaş, Ü., Çengel, M., Uysal, H., Okur, B., Okur, N., Kurucu, Y., Delibacak, S., 2004. Toprak Bilimi. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, No:557, İzmir, 355 s.
• Anonim, 2013. Niğde İli iklim verileri, Devlet Meteoroloji İşleri Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara. http://www.mgm.gov. tr/iklim/iklimsiniflandirmalari.aspx?m=NIGDE. Erişim Tarihi: 20.11.2017
• Anonim, 2014. Coğrafya dünyası, Niğde ili iklim ve bitki örtüsü, http://www.cografya.gen.tr/tr/nigde/iklim.html, Erişim Tarihi: 25.12.2014. Arevalo, C.B.M., Bhatti, J.S., Chang, S.X., Sidders, D. 2011. Land use change effects on ecosystem carbon balance: from agricultural to hybrid poplar plantation. Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment, 141: 342-49.
• Assirelli, A., Santangelo, E., Spinelli, R., Pari, L., 2016. A single-pass reduced tillage technique for the establishment of short-rotation Poplar (Populus spp.) plantations. Croatian Journal of Forest Engineering, 37,1: 61-69.
• Baum, C., Eckhardt, K.U., Hahn, J., Weih, M., Dimitriou, I., Leinweber, P., 2013. Impact of poplar on soil organic matter quality and microbial communities in arable soils. Plant Soil and Environment, 59, 3: 95–100.
• Bouyoucos, G., 1962. Hydrometer method improved for making particle size analysis of soils. Agronomy Journal, 54: 464–465. EEA, 2014. Land use. https://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/ landuse, Erişim Tarihi: 11.02.2014.
• Ferré, C., Comolli, R., Leip, A., Seufert, G., 2014. Forest conversion to poplar plantation in a Lombardy floodplain (Italy): effects on soil organic carbon stock. Biogeosciences, 11: 6483–6493.
• Flint, A., Flint, L.E., 2002. Particle Density, Laboratory Methods, Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 4 - Physical Methods (Ed: W. A. Dick). SSA Book Series 5, SSSA Inc, Madison, WI p. 229 – 240.
• Grossman, R.B., Reinsch, T.G., 2002. Bulk Density and Linear Extensibility. In J.H. Dane and G.C. Topp (ed.) Methods of soil analysis. Part 4. SSSA Book Ser. 5. SSSA, Madison, WI. 201–228.
• Guo, Y.J., Han, J.G., 2008. Soil biochemical properties and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi as affected by afforestation of rangelands in northern China. Journal of Arid Environment, 72: 1690-1967.
• Gupta, N., Kukal, S.S., Bawa, S.S., Dhaliwal, G.S., 2009. Soil organic carbon and aggregation under poplar based agroforestry system in relation to tree age and soil type. Agroforest Syst, 76:27–35.
• Houghton, R.A., 2012. Historic changes in terrestrial carbon storage, in: Recarbonization of the biosphere – Ecosystems and the global carbon cycle. Edited by: Lal, R., Lorenz, K., Hüttl, R. F., Schneider, B. U., and von Braun, J., Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, Germany: 59–82.
• Kahle, P., Baum, C., Boelcke, B., Kohl, J., Ulrich, R., 2010. Vertical distribution of soil properties under short-rotation forestry in Northern Germany. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 173: 737-746.
• Kahle, P., Hildebrand, E., Baum, C., Boelcke, B., 2007. Long-term effects of short rotation forestry with willows and poplar on soil properties. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 53,6: 673-682.
• Kemper, W.D., Rosenau, R.C., 1986. Aggregate stability and size distribution. in A. Klute, ed. Methods of Soil Analysis, 2nd ed. Part I. ASA, Madison, Wisconsin, pp 425-442.
• Middleton, H.E., 1930. Properties of some soil which influence soil erosion. USDA TECH. Bull: 178.
• Nieder, R., Benbi, D. K., 2008. Carbon and Nitrogen in the Terrestrial Environment. Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, Germany: 417 p.
• Özyuvacı, N., 1976. Arnavutköy Deresi Yağış Havzasında Hidrolojik Durumu Etkileyen Bazı Bitki Toprak Su İlişkileri. İ.Ü.Yayın No. 2082, Orman Fak. Yayın No. 221, İstanbul.
• Polat, O., Polat., S., Akça, E. 2011. Küresel ısınmada ormanların karbon tutulumuna etkisi (Tarsus-Karabucak Örneği). I. Ulusal Akdeniz Orman ve Çevre Sempozyumu, 26-28 Ekim 2011, Kahramanmaraş, Bildiriler Kitabı, s.627-637.
• Richter, D.D., Markewitz D., 1995. How deep is soil? BioScience, 45:600–609.
• Saviozzi, A., Minzi, R.L., Cardelli, R., Riffaldi, R., 2001. A comparison of soil quality in adjacent cultivated forest and native grassland soils. Plant and Soil, 233:251-259.
• Pluske, W., Murphy, D., Sheppard, J., 2013. Note on Total organic carbon; http://soilquality.org.au/factsheets/ organic-carbon, Erişim Tarihi: 10.09.2013
• Walkley, A., Black. I.A., 1934. An examination of the Degtjareff method for determining organic carbon in soils: Effect of variations in digestion conditions and of inorganic soil constituents. Soil Science, 63:251-263.
• Wang, J., Xin, L., 2016. Effects of poplar plantations on the physical and chemical properties of soils: A case study in the North China plain. Journal of Resources and Ecology, 7(5): 352–359.
• Zar, H.J., 1996. Biostatistical Analysis. 3rd Edition, Prentice Hall, New Jersey: 662 p.