The Effect of Crops and Crop Rotations on Weed Management

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 1, 127 - 132, 04.07.2019

Hilmi Torun , Feyzullah Nezihi Uygur

Öz

It is inevitable
that no plant protection pests find in agricultural areas. In these plant
protection pests, weeds do not cause visible symptoms to crops and affect the
yield directly. Although chemical management against weeds is preferred because
of its ease of applicability and economic situation, it is not possible to
achieve sustainability in different methods of integrated weed management that
is no longer effective nowadays due to similar reasons such as herbicide
resistance and poor crop rotations. For this purpose, it is essential of
sustainable agriculture that enriched application of the most successful crop
rotation method, which reduces agricultural inputs of weed control in rest with
the producers, is environment friendly and does not cause any herbicide residue.
The most effective method for managing weed species, which vary according to
the cultivated crop, is crop rotation, it is more successful than other weed
management methods in terms of periodic changes of sowing and harvesting dates,
phenology, competitiveness, fertilization requests and weed species of crops.
In this review, the place and the importance of some crops used in crop
rotations have been revealed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Crop rotation, Crops, Weed management

Kültür Bitkileri ile Ekim Nöbeti Uygulamalarının Yabancı Ot Yönetimine Etkisi

Öz

Tarım alanlarında bitki koruma
etmenlerinin bulunmaması kaçınılmazdır. Bu bitki koruma etmenleri içerisinde
üründe gözle görülür simptom oluşturmayanlar ve direk verime etki eden
zararlılar yabancı otlardır. Uygulanabilirliğinin kolaylığı ve ekonomik
oluşundan dolayı kimyasal mücadele tercih edilmesine rağmen, aynı şekilde
farklı yöntemleri içinde barındıran yabancı ot entegre mücadele yönetimide artık
günümüzde yeterli başarıya ulaşmamakla beraber herbisit dayanıklılığı ve fakir
ekim nöbeti uygulamaları gibi benzeri nedenlerden dolayı sürdürülebilirlik
sağlanamamaktadır. Bunun için üreticilerin elinde yabancı ot mücadelesiyle
birlikte tarımsal girdileri azaltan, çevreye dost ve herbisit kalıntısına sebep
olmayan en başarılı ekim nöbeti yönteminin zenginleştirilerek uygulanması
sürdürülebilir tarımın olmazsa olmazıdır. Kültür bitkisine göre değişen yabancı
ot türleriyle mücadelede en etkin yöntem ekim nöbeti olup, kültür bitkilerinin
ekim ve hasat tarihlerinin, fenolojilerinin, rekabet güçlerinin, gübreleme
isteklerinin ve yabancı ot türleriyle olan ilişkilerinin periyodik olarak
değişmesinde, diğer yabancı ot mücadele yöntemlerine göre daha başarılıdır. Bu
derlemede ekim nöbetinde kullanılan bazı kültür bitkilerinin yabancı ot
mücadelesindeki yeri ve önemi ortaya konmuştur. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ekim nöbeti, Kültür bitkileri, Yabancı ot mücadelesi

Kaynakça

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