Investigating Risky Driver Behaviours Based on the Transtheoretical Model: Comparison of Different Groups

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 33 - 47, 25.10.2018

Bilgesu Kaçan , Uygar Erkuş Gizem Fındık , Bahar Öz

https://doi.org/10.38002/tuad.446011

Cited By: 3

Öz

Exceeding
speed limits, driving under the influence of alcohol, not using seat belt, and
distracted driving are accepted as risky driver behaviors by the World Health
Organization. Determining the levels of risky behaviors in Turkish society and
changing those behaviors are important to improve traffic safety in Turkey.  The Transtheoretical Model, indicating the
prescribed steps for change, was used to identify the steps for these risky
behaviors and to examine possible differences. Data was collected via
questionnaires from 120 drivers who do not hold driver licenses but are likely
to be drivers in the future, 99 drivers with safe driving training and 140
drivers who have not received safe driving training. When the results of
self-reports were evaluated in sum, it was found that the driver group who do
not have safe driving training were significantly lower than non-driver group
and the driver group who have safe driving training with regard to driving
within the limits of speed, driving with alcohol, using mobile phone while
driving and eating while driving. When the use of seat belts is considered, the
driver group that does not have safe driving training is significantly lower
than the non-driver group. Considering 359 participants of the study, the
findings were revealed that the five risky behaviors were concentrated around
the action step of the Transtheoretical Model. 
With the present study, it was aimed to prepare a working ground that
could develop specific prevention and intervention programs in the future by
identifying the steps regarding the five behaviors required for safe traffic in
accordance with the steps of the Transtheoretical Model.

Anahtar Kelimeler

transtheoretical model, stages of change, risky driver behaviors, safe driving training

Riskli Sürücü Davranışlarının Transteorik Model Temelinde İncelenmesi: Bir Grup Karşılaştırması Çalışması

Öz

Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından hız sınırını aşmak, alkol
kullanmış olarak araç kullanmak, emniyet kemeri kullanmamak ve dikkati dağılmış
olarak araç kullanmak riskli sürücü davranışları olarak belirtilmiş
davranışlardır. Bu riskli davranışların Türk toplumunda hangi aşamada
olunduğunun belirlenmesi ve değiştirilmesi trafik güvenliği açısından önem
taşımaktadır. Mevcut çalışmada değişim için öngördüğü aşamalar ile yarar
sağlayabileceği düşünülen Transteorik Model kullanılarak, bu riskli davranışlar
için katılımcıların bulundukları basamakların tanımlanması ve olası farkların incelenmesi
amaçlanmıştır. Anket yöntemi ile veri toplanan çalışmaya henüz sürücü olmayan
ama gelecekte sürücü olma olasılığı bulunan 120 geleceğin sürücüsü, güvenli
sürüş eğitimi almış 99 sürücü ve güvenli sürüş eğitimi almamış 140 sürücü katılmıştır.
Beyana dayalı sonuçlar genel olarak değerlendirildiğinde, güvenli sürüş eğitimi
almamış sürücü grubunun hız sınırları dâhilinde araç kullanma, alkollüyken araç
kullanma, sürüş esnasında cep telefonu kullanma ve sürüş esnasında yemek yemek davranışlarında
sürücü olmayan gruptan ve güvenli sürüş eğitimi almış gruptan anlamlı derecede
daha alt basamaklarda oldukları bulunmuştur. Emniyet kemeri kullanımında ise
sadece eğitim almamış sürücü grubunun sürücü olmayan gruptan anlamlı ölçüde
daha alt basamaklarda oldukları görülmektedir. Güvenli sürüş eğitimi almış
sürücüler ile henüz sürücü olmayan grubun farklılaştığı tek davranış ise sürüş
esnasında cep telefonu kullanımı olmuş; henüz sürücü olmayan grubun eğitim
almış sürücülerden daha üst basamaklarda olduğu bulunmuştur. Çalışmanın 359
katılımcısı göz önünde bulundurulduğunda bu beş riskli davranış için
Transteorik Model’e göre harekete geçme basamağında yoğunlaştıkları bulgular
arasındadır. Mevcut çalışma ile, güvenli trafik için gerekli olan beş davranış
üzerinden çoğunlukla bulunulan basamağı tanımlayarak Transteorik Model’in
basamaklarına göre geleceğe yönelik spesifik önleme ve müdahale programları
geliştirebilecek çalışmalara zemin hazırlaması hedeflenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Transteorik Model, değişim aşamaları, riskli sürücü davranışları, güvenli sürüş eğitimi

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