Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Religious Education in Sweden

Yıl 2020, Sayı: 10, 129 - 151, 27.12.2020

Öz

This article aims to analyze religious education in Sweden in regards of historical background, education policies of the country, aims and objectives of national education system, social, cultural and religious structure of the country and content of religious education in different levels of school. For this purpose studies which related to religious education in Sweden and document from National Educational Board of Sweden has been examined. Sweden is a remarkable country where religious education is compulsory and it is also one of the most secular countries in the world. It can be said that non confessional religious education in Sweden brings together religious, non-religious students in an interreligious and multicultural setting. The content of religious education consists of ancient Scandinavian belief, Sami belief, Christianity, Islam, Judaism, Hinduism, Buddhism and secular or humanistic worldviews. Some of the important aims of this lessons are to help students to have neutral knowledge and point of view about different beliefs, to grasp relationship between Christianity and Swedish culture, and to have a solid understanding about moral principles, basic human rights and freedom. National educational board determines the basic content and syllabus of religious education but local schools have the right to determine the content of lesson in according to local needs and students readiness.

Kaynakça

  • Albayrak, E., & Birinci, M. (2017). Sosyal devlet modelleri: sosyal demokrat model, İsveç-Norveç Örneği. Sosyal Çalışma Dergisi, 1(1), 64-100.
  • Alberts, W. (2010). The academic study of religions and ıntegrative religious education in Europe. British Journal of Religious Education, 3(32), 275-290.
  • Berglund, A. J. (2014). İsveç'te devlet destekli İslami okullarda İslami dini eğitim: sekülerleşmenin bir işareti mi, değil mi? 100. Yılında İmam-Hatip Liseleri (ss. 421-443). İstanbul: DEM Yayınları.
  • Berglund, J. (2014). Swedish religion education: Objective but marinated in lutheran protestantism? Temenos - Nordic Journal of Comparative Religion, 2(49), 165-184.
  • Berglund, J. (2016). Islamic religious education in Muslim schools: A translation of Islam to the Swedish school system. J. Berglund, Y. Shanneik, & B. Bocking içinde, Religious Education in a Global-Local World (C. 4, ss. 109-121). Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.
  • Berglund, J. (2018). Islamic education in Europe: An opportunity for equal rights or a way to control Islam? M. Pirner, J. Lahnemann, W. Haussmann, & S. Schwarz (Ed.). İçinde Public Theology, Religious Diversity, and Interreligious Learning (ss. 158-170). New York: Routledge.
  • Berglund, J., Shanneik, Y., & Bocking, B. (2016). Introduction. J. Berglund, Y. Shanneik, & B. Bocking (Ed.). İçinde Religious Education in a Global-Local World (C. 4, ss. 1-10). Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.
  • Broberg, M. (2020). The use of teaching materials in religious education in Sweden: a quantitative analysis of Swedish religious education teachers’ reported use of teaching materials in RE classrooms. British Journal of Religious Education, 1(42), 45-55.
  • Cush, D. (2016). What have we learned from four decades of non-confessional multi-faith religious education in England? Policy, curriculum and practice in English education 1969-2013. J. Berglund, Y. Shanneik, & B. Bocking (Ed.) İçinde Religious Education in a Global-Local World (C. 4, ss. 53-70). Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.
  • Flesner, K. K. (2017). Discourses of religion and secularism in religious education classrooms. Trollhattan, Sweden: Springer International Publishing.
  • Kılıç, S. (2017, Aralık). İsveç'te din ve devlet ilişkilerinin sekülerleşme bağlamında incelenmesi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi (46), 221-251.
  • Liljestrand, J. (2017). Education for citizenship in Swedish RE—approaches and dilemmas in teachers’ talk. Religion & Education, 3(44), 317-330.
  • Magnusson, G. (2020). Inclusive education and school choice lessons from Sweden. European Journal of Special Needs Education, 35(1), 25-39.
  • Martensson, U. (2014). "Public Islam" and the nordic welfare state: Changing realities? Tidsskrift for Islamforskning, 8(1), 4-55.
  • MOER. (2020, Ekim 03). Ministry of education and research. government offices of Sweden: https://www.government.se/government-of-sweden/ministry-of-education-and-research/ adresinden alındı.
  • Niemi, K. (2018). Drawing a line between the religious and the secular: The cases of religious education in Sweden and India. Journal of Beliefs and Values, 2(39), 182-194.
  • OECD. (2016). Country background report: Sweden. Ministry of Education and Research.
  • Osbeck, C. (2020). İsveç'te değerler ve din eğitimi. R. Kaymakcan, N. Tınaz, Z. Ş. Altın, M. Zengin, A. Y. Okudan, & H. Yiğit (Dü.), İçinde Değerler ve Eğitimi - II Sempozyum Bildirileri Kitabı (ss. 141-148). İstanbul: DEM Yayınları.
  • Osbeck, C., & Skeie, G. (2014). Religious education at schools in Sweden. M. Jaggle, M. Rothgangel, & G. Skeie (Ed.). İçinde Religious Education at Schools in Europe (ss. 237-266). V&R Unipress.
  • Reimers, E. (2020). Secularism and religious traditions in non-confessional Swedish preschools: Entanglements of religion and cultural heritage. British Journal of Religious Education, 275-284.
  • Schreiner, P. (2002). Religious education in the european context. L. Broadbent, & A. Brown (Ed.). İçinde Issues in Religious Education (ss. 82-93). London: RoutledgeFalmer.
  • Schreiner, P. (2014). Religious education in Europe. M. Rothgangel, T. Schlag, & F. Schweitzer (Ed.). İçinde Basics of Religious Education (ss. 161-178). Germany: V&R Unipress.
  • Schreiner, P. (2014). Swedish religious education in the context of a European perspective. Föreningen Larare i Religionskunkap, 10(12), 33-44.
  • Sjögren, J. (1963). Religious education in Sweden. Religious Education: The Official Journal of the Religious Education Association, 3(58), 298-328.
  • Skolverket, (. N. (2018). Curriculum for the compulsory school, preschool class and school-age educare 2011 (Revised 2018). Stockholm: Swedish National Agency for Education.
  • Sutherland, S. (2020, Ekim 04). Sweden. Official site of Sweden: https://sweden.se/society/10-fundamentals-of- religion-in-sweden/ adresinden alındı.
  • von Brömssen, K., & Olgaç, C. R. (2010). Intercultural education in Sweden through the lenses of the national minorities and of religious education. Intercultural Education, 21(2), 121-135.
  • von Brömssen, K., Ivkovits, H., & Nixon, G. (2020). Religious literacy in the curriculum in compulsory education in Austria, Scotland and Sweden - A Three-country policy comparison. Journal of Beliefs & Values, 41(2), 132-149.
  • World Christian Database. (2020, Ekim 04). Quality data on religion. The association of religion data archives: https://www.thearda.com/internationalData/countries/Country_215_2.asp adresinden alındı.

İsveç'te Din Eğitimi

Yıl 2020, Sayı: 10, 129 - 151, 27.12.2020

Öz

Bu makale; İsveç’te yürütülmekte olan din eğitimini, tarihi süreçleri, eğitim politikaları, milli eğitimin amaç ve hedefleri, ülkenin sosyo-kültürel ve dini yapısı, din eğitiminin farklı kademelerdeki içeriği göz önünde bulundurularak incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaca ulaşabilmek için İsveç’te din eğitimi uygulamaları ile ilgili yapılan çalışmalar ve İsveç Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı’nın din dersleri ile ilgili oluşturduğu içerikler derlenmiştir. İsveç dünyanın en seküler ülkeleri arasında yer almasına rağmen eğitim programında zorunlu din dersi bulunması açısından dikkat çekici bir ülkedir. Zorunlu din dersinin dinlerüstü yapısının gerek farklı dinlere mensup olan gerekse herhangi bir dini eğilimi olmayan öğrencilerin bir arada eğitim almalarını bunun yanında farklı din ve dünya görüşleri ile ilgili bilgilenmelerini sağladığı söylenebilir. Din dersinin içeriğine bakıldığında geleneksel İskandinav inancı, Sami topluluklarının dini pratikleri ve dünya dinlerinin derse konu edildiği görülmektedir. Dersin eğitim programında belirtilen hedeflerden öğrencilerin farklı dini inanç ve dünya görüşleriyle ilgili tarafsız bir biçimde bilgilenmelerini sağlamak, İsveç kültürü ile Hıristiyanlık arasındaki ilişkiyi kavramak ve ahlaki ilkeler ve temel hak ve özgürlüklerle ilgili bilinç kazanmak en öne çıkanlar arasındadır. Eğitim programının en dikkat çekici özelliklerinden bir tanesi ise din derslerinde öğretimin içeriğinin yerel ihtiyaçlara göre bölgeden bölgeye hatta okuldan okula değişebilmesi durumudur. Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı’nın belirlediği temel çerçeveye uygun olmak kaydıyla oluşturulan bu ders içeriklerinin öğrencilerin bireysel ihtiyaçlarına uygun olarak hazırlandığı söylenebilir.

Kaynakça

  • Albayrak, E., & Birinci, M. (2017). Sosyal devlet modelleri: sosyal demokrat model, İsveç-Norveç Örneği. Sosyal Çalışma Dergisi, 1(1), 64-100.
  • Alberts, W. (2010). The academic study of religions and ıntegrative religious education in Europe. British Journal of Religious Education, 3(32), 275-290.
  • Berglund, A. J. (2014). İsveç'te devlet destekli İslami okullarda İslami dini eğitim: sekülerleşmenin bir işareti mi, değil mi? 100. Yılında İmam-Hatip Liseleri (ss. 421-443). İstanbul: DEM Yayınları.
  • Berglund, J. (2014). Swedish religion education: Objective but marinated in lutheran protestantism? Temenos - Nordic Journal of Comparative Religion, 2(49), 165-184.
  • Berglund, J. (2016). Islamic religious education in Muslim schools: A translation of Islam to the Swedish school system. J. Berglund, Y. Shanneik, & B. Bocking içinde, Religious Education in a Global-Local World (C. 4, ss. 109-121). Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.
  • Berglund, J. (2018). Islamic education in Europe: An opportunity for equal rights or a way to control Islam? M. Pirner, J. Lahnemann, W. Haussmann, & S. Schwarz (Ed.). İçinde Public Theology, Religious Diversity, and Interreligious Learning (ss. 158-170). New York: Routledge.
  • Berglund, J., Shanneik, Y., & Bocking, B. (2016). Introduction. J. Berglund, Y. Shanneik, & B. Bocking (Ed.). İçinde Religious Education in a Global-Local World (C. 4, ss. 1-10). Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.
  • Broberg, M. (2020). The use of teaching materials in religious education in Sweden: a quantitative analysis of Swedish religious education teachers’ reported use of teaching materials in RE classrooms. British Journal of Religious Education, 1(42), 45-55.
  • Cush, D. (2016). What have we learned from four decades of non-confessional multi-faith religious education in England? Policy, curriculum and practice in English education 1969-2013. J. Berglund, Y. Shanneik, & B. Bocking (Ed.) İçinde Religious Education in a Global-Local World (C. 4, ss. 53-70). Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.
  • Flesner, K. K. (2017). Discourses of religion and secularism in religious education classrooms. Trollhattan, Sweden: Springer International Publishing.
  • Kılıç, S. (2017, Aralık). İsveç'te din ve devlet ilişkilerinin sekülerleşme bağlamında incelenmesi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi (46), 221-251.
  • Liljestrand, J. (2017). Education for citizenship in Swedish RE—approaches and dilemmas in teachers’ talk. Religion & Education, 3(44), 317-330.
  • Magnusson, G. (2020). Inclusive education and school choice lessons from Sweden. European Journal of Special Needs Education, 35(1), 25-39.
  • Martensson, U. (2014). "Public Islam" and the nordic welfare state: Changing realities? Tidsskrift for Islamforskning, 8(1), 4-55.
  • MOER. (2020, Ekim 03). Ministry of education and research. government offices of Sweden: https://www.government.se/government-of-sweden/ministry-of-education-and-research/ adresinden alındı.
  • Niemi, K. (2018). Drawing a line between the religious and the secular: The cases of religious education in Sweden and India. Journal of Beliefs and Values, 2(39), 182-194.
  • OECD. (2016). Country background report: Sweden. Ministry of Education and Research.
  • Osbeck, C. (2020). İsveç'te değerler ve din eğitimi. R. Kaymakcan, N. Tınaz, Z. Ş. Altın, M. Zengin, A. Y. Okudan, & H. Yiğit (Dü.), İçinde Değerler ve Eğitimi - II Sempozyum Bildirileri Kitabı (ss. 141-148). İstanbul: DEM Yayınları.
  • Osbeck, C., & Skeie, G. (2014). Religious education at schools in Sweden. M. Jaggle, M. Rothgangel, & G. Skeie (Ed.). İçinde Religious Education at Schools in Europe (ss. 237-266). V&R Unipress.
  • Reimers, E. (2020). Secularism and religious traditions in non-confessional Swedish preschools: Entanglements of religion and cultural heritage. British Journal of Religious Education, 275-284.
  • Schreiner, P. (2002). Religious education in the european context. L. Broadbent, & A. Brown (Ed.). İçinde Issues in Religious Education (ss. 82-93). London: RoutledgeFalmer.
  • Schreiner, P. (2014). Religious education in Europe. M. Rothgangel, T. Schlag, & F. Schweitzer (Ed.). İçinde Basics of Religious Education (ss. 161-178). Germany: V&R Unipress.
  • Schreiner, P. (2014). Swedish religious education in the context of a European perspective. Föreningen Larare i Religionskunkap, 10(12), 33-44.
  • Sjögren, J. (1963). Religious education in Sweden. Religious Education: The Official Journal of the Religious Education Association, 3(58), 298-328.
  • Skolverket, (. N. (2018). Curriculum for the compulsory school, preschool class and school-age educare 2011 (Revised 2018). Stockholm: Swedish National Agency for Education.
  • Sutherland, S. (2020, Ekim 04). Sweden. Official site of Sweden: https://sweden.se/society/10-fundamentals-of- religion-in-sweden/ adresinden alındı.
  • von Brömssen, K., & Olgaç, C. R. (2010). Intercultural education in Sweden through the lenses of the national minorities and of religious education. Intercultural Education, 21(2), 121-135.
  • von Brömssen, K., Ivkovits, H., & Nixon, G. (2020). Religious literacy in the curriculum in compulsory education in Austria, Scotland and Sweden - A Three-country policy comparison. Journal of Beliefs & Values, 41(2), 132-149.
  • World Christian Database. (2020, Ekim 04). Quality data on religion. The association of religion data archives: https://www.thearda.com/internationalData/countries/Country_215_2.asp adresinden alındı.
Toplam 29 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Din Araştırmaları
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Aybiçe Tosun

Kübra Yıldız 0000-0002-6828-2214

Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Aralık 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 12 Ekim 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Sayı: 10

Kaynak Göster

APA Tosun, A., & Yıldız, K. (2020). İsveç’te Din Eğitimi. Türkiye Din Eğitimi Araştırmaları Dergisi(10), 129-151.

Türkiye Din Eğitimi Araştırmaları Dergisi Creative Commons Atıf 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı (CC BY-NC 4.0) ile lisanslanmıştır.