Yenilik Kümelerinde Girişimciliğin Kaynakları Olarak Yerleşik Firmaların Rolünün Sosyolojik Analizi: Türkiye Örneği

Yıl 2017, Sayı: 26, 69 - 92, 21.06.2017

Mehmet Cansız Meliha Demet Ulusoy

Öz

Yenilik kümeleri teknoloji tabanlı girişimciliğin gelişmesinde önemli rol oynarlar. Yenilik kümelerinde yoğunlaşan bilgi işçileri, sahip oldukları bilgi ve yeteneklerle her an girişimci olabilmektedirler. Literatürde bu süreç daha çok girişimcilik ekosistemi ve firmaların özellikleri açısından incelenmiştir. Bu sürecin sosyolojik boyutu yeterince analiz edilmemiştir. Buradan hareketle bu çalışmada; teknoparklardaki girişimci arzına odaklanılmış ve çalışanların girişimci olmasında; çalıştıkları firmaların yapısal özellikleri ve bunların sahiplerinin sosyal ve kültürel sermayelerinin etkisine bakılmıştır. Regresyon analiz sonucunda; özellik yanında çalıştıkları girişimcinin eğitim düzeyinin, etkili iş çevresinin, kümelenme girişimlerine katılma durumunun, firmanın yaşının, ihracat yapma durumunun ve firmanın yaptığı kamu destekli Ar-Ge proje sayısının istatistiki olarak pozitif yönde bir etki, girişimci türü ve sahip olunan etkili bir siyasi çevrenin ise negatif bir etki yarattığı tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Türkiye, yenilik kümesi, bilgi toplumu, bilgi işçisi, yaratıcı sınıf, girişimcilik, filiz işletme, teknopark

Kaynakça

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