Araştırma Makalesi
Yıl 2021,
Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 30 - 42, 23.01.2021
Öz
Physical, environmental and political events in the world, increase the importance of the agricultural sector. Developing countries, as well as developed countries, implement a number of policies to increase agricultural production and productivity. One of these policies is agricultural R&D activities. In this study, the effect of publicly supported agricultural R&D expenditures on agricultural productivity was analyzed. Cyprus, Czechia, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Slovakia and Slovenia, which are called transition economies and became a member of the European Union in 2004, were included in the analysis. In the study covering the period between 2005 and 2016, it was concluded that public R&D expenditures for agricultural production had a partial positive effect on agricultural productivity.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Alene, A., D. ve Coulibaly, O. 2009. The impact of agricultural research on productivity and poverty in sub-Saharan Africa, Food Policy 34, 198–209. Alfranca O., ve Huffman, W. E. 2001. Impact of institutions and public research on private agricultural research, Agricultural Economics 25, 191-198 Alston, J. 2018. Reflections on agricultural r&d, productivity, and the data constraint: unfinished business, unsettled ıssues, Amer. J. Agr. Econ. 100(2): 392–413. Alston, J. M., Beddow, J. M., Pardey, P. G. 2009. Agricultural research, productivity, and food prices in the long run, Science, 325, 1209-1210. Alston, J. M., Pardey, P. G., James, J. S. ve Andersen, M. A. 2009. The economics of agricultural r&d, Annual Review of Resource Economics, 1, 537-566. Alston, J. M., Andersen, M. A., James, J. S. ve Pardey, P. G. 2011. The economic returns to u.s. public agricultural research, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 93(5): 1257-1277. Alston, J.M., ve Pardey, P.G. 2014. Agriculture in the global economy, Journal of Economic Perspectives 28(1): 121–146. Andersen, A. M. 2015. Public investment in U.S. agricultural r&d and the economic benefits, Food Policy, 51, 38-43. Barnes, A. P. 2001. Towards a framework for justifying public agricultural r&d:the example of UK agricultural research policy, Research Policy, 30, 663–672 Beckman, J., Borchers, A. ve Jones, C.A. 2013. Agriculture’s supply and demand for energy and energy products, United State Department of Agriculture, Economic Information Bulletin, No.112. Beintema, M., N. ve Stads, G., J. 2010. Public agricultural r&d ınvestments and capacities in developing countries recent evıdence for 2000 and beyond, IFPRI. Bervejillo, J. E., Alston, J. M. ve Tumber, K. P. 2012. The benefits from public agricultural research in Uruguay, The Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 56, 475–497. Brooks, C. 2014. Introductory econometrics for finance, 3rd edition, Cambridge University Press, United Kingdom. Fan, S., Hazell, P. ve Thorat, S. 2000. Government spending, growth and poverty in rural India, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 82(4): 1038- 1051 FAO, 2019 The State of food and agricultue, moving forward on food loss and waste reduction, rome Fuglie, K. 2018. R&D Capital, r&d spillovers, and productivity growth in world agriculture, Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, 40(3): 421-444. Griliches, Z. 1957. An Exploration in the economics of technological change, Econometrica, 25(4): 501-522. Gutierrez, L. ve Gutierrez, M. M. 2003. International r&d spillovers and productivity growth in the agricultural sector. a panel cointegration approach, 25th International Conference of Agricultural Economists, August 16-22, Durban, South Africa. Heisey, P. W. ve Fuglie, K. O. 2018. Public agricultural R&D in high-income countries: Old and new roles in a new funding environment, Global Food Security,17, 92-102. Hsiao, C. ve Pesaran, M.H. 2004. “Random coefficient panel data models”, IZA Discussion Paper, No. 1236. Huffman, W., E. 2009. Measuring public agricultural research capital and ıts contribution to state agricultural productivity, Iova State University Working Paper No: 09022. Kristkova, S., Z., Smeets, E. ve Meijl, H., M. 2017. Agricultural r&d ınvestments, biofuel policy and food security–ACGE analysis, International Congress, August 28-September 1, 2017, Parma, Italy 260822, European Association of Agricultural Economists. Kumar, S., Mittal, R. 2009. role of agricultural r&d policy in managing agrarian crisis in India, Agricultural Economics Research Review, 22, 121-128. Küçük, O. 2011. Faktör esnekliği ve ölçeğe göre getiri: kobilerde karşılaştırmalı bir cobb-douglas üretim fonksiyonu uygulaması, Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 15(2): 353-362. Pan, C., Chang, T. ve Wolde-Rufael, Y. 2015. Military spending and economic growth in the middle east countries: bootstrap panel causality test, Defence and Peace Economics 26 (24): 443-456. Pardey, P. G., Kang, C. C., Dehme, S. P. ve Beddov, J. M. 2016. Agricultural r&d is on the move, erişim: 06.04.2020 https://www.nature.com/articles/537301a.pdf. Pesaran, M. H. 2004. General diagnostic tests for cross section dependence in panels, CWPE, 0435. Poi, B.P. 2003. From the help desk: swamy’s random-coefficient model, Tha Stata Journal, 3(3): 302-308. Ray D.K., Mueller N.D., West P.C. ve Foley J.A. 2013. Yield trends are insufficient to double global crop production by 2050. Plos One 8(6):1-8. Schultz, T., W. 1956. reflections on agricultural production, output and supply, Journal of Farm Economics, 38(3): 748-762. Sheng, Y., Gray, E. M., Mullen, J. D. ve Davidson, A. 2011. Public investment in agricultural r&d and extension: an analysis of the static and dynamic effects on Australian broadacre productivity, Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences, ABARES research report, no: 11.7. Sparger, J. A., Norton, G. W., Heisey, P. W. ve Alwang, J. 2013. Is the share of agricultural maintenance research rising in the United States?, Food Policy, 38, 126-135. Suphannachart, W. ve Warr, P. 2011. Research and productivity in thai Agriculture, Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 55 (1): 35–52. Swamy, P.A.V.B. 1970. Efficient ınference in a random coefficient regression model, Econometrica, 38 (2): 311-323. Taylor, M.P. ve Sarno, L. 1998. The behavior of real exchange rates during the post-bretton woods period, Journal of International Economics, 46, 281-312. Thirtle, C., Lin, L. ve Piesse, J. 2003. The ımpact of research-led agricultural productivity growth on poverty reduction in africa, asia and latin america, World Development 31(12): 1959–1975. Tilman, D., Balzer, C., Hill, J. ve Befort, B.L. 2011. Global food demand and the sustainable intensification of agriculture. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 108 (50): 20260– 20264. Wang, S. L., Ball, V. E., Fulginiti, L. E. ve Plastina, A. 2012. Accounting for the ımpact of local and spill-in public research, extension, and roads on u.s. regional agricultural productivity, 1980- 2004, in productivity growth in agriculture: an ınternational perspective, edited by Keith O. Fuglie, Sun Ling Wang, and V. Eldon Ball, CAB International. Wang, S. L., Heisey, P. W., Huffman, W. E. ve Fuglie, K. O. 2013. Public r&d, private r&d, and u.s. agricultural productivity growth: dynamic and long-run relationships, Amer. J. Agr. Econ. 95(5): 1287–1293. Yerdelen Tatoğlu, F. 2013. İleri Panel Veri Analizi Stata Uygulamalı, 2. baskı, Beta, İstanbul.
Tarımsal Verimliliğin Arttırılmasında Kamusal Ar-Ge Desteklerinin Etkisi: Ab Üyesi Geçiş Ekonomileri Örneği
Öz
Dünyada yaşanan fiziksel, çevresel ve siyasal olaylar tarım sektörünün önemini arttırmaktadır. Gelişmiş ülkeler kadar gelişmekte olan ülkeler de tarımsal üretimi ve verimliliği arttırmak adına bir dizi politika uygulamaktadır. Bu politikalardan biri de tarımsal Ar-Ge faaliyetleridir. Bu çalışmada kamu tarafından desteklenen tarımsal Ar-Ge harcamalarının tarımsal verimlilik üzerindeki etkisi analiz edilmiştir. 2004 yılı sonrasında AB üyesi olan ve geçiş ekonomileri olarak adlandırılan Kıbrıs, Çekya, Estonya, Macaristan, Letonya, Litvanya, Slovakya ve Slovenya analize dahil edilmiştir. 2005-2016 yılları arası dönemi kapsayan çalışmada, tarımsal üretime yönelik kamusal Ar-Ge harcamalarının tarımsal verimlilik üzerinde kısmen pozitif etki oluşturduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Alene, A., D. ve Coulibaly, O. 2009. The impact of agricultural research on productivity and poverty in sub-Saharan Africa, Food Policy 34, 198–209. Alfranca O., ve Huffman, W. E. 2001. Impact of institutions and public research on private agricultural research, Agricultural Economics 25, 191-198 Alston, J. 2018. Reflections on agricultural r&d, productivity, and the data constraint: unfinished business, unsettled ıssues, Amer. J. Agr. Econ. 100(2): 392–413. Alston, J. M., Beddow, J. M., Pardey, P. G. 2009. Agricultural research, productivity, and food prices in the long run, Science, 325, 1209-1210. Alston, J. M., Pardey, P. G., James, J. S. ve Andersen, M. A. 2009. The economics of agricultural r&d, Annual Review of Resource Economics, 1, 537-566. Alston, J. M., Andersen, M. A., James, J. S. ve Pardey, P. G. 2011. The economic returns to u.s. public agricultural research, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 93(5): 1257-1277. Alston, J.M., ve Pardey, P.G. 2014. Agriculture in the global economy, Journal of Economic Perspectives 28(1): 121–146. Andersen, A. M. 2015. Public investment in U.S. agricultural r&d and the economic benefits, Food Policy, 51, 38-43. Barnes, A. P. 2001. Towards a framework for justifying public agricultural r&d:the example of UK agricultural research policy, Research Policy, 30, 663–672 Beckman, J., Borchers, A. ve Jones, C.A. 2013. Agriculture’s supply and demand for energy and energy products, United State Department of Agriculture, Economic Information Bulletin, No.112. Beintema, M., N. ve Stads, G., J. 2010. Public agricultural r&d ınvestments and capacities in developing countries recent evıdence for 2000 and beyond, IFPRI. Bervejillo, J. E., Alston, J. M. ve Tumber, K. P. 2012. The benefits from public agricultural research in Uruguay, The Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 56, 475–497. Brooks, C. 2014. Introductory econometrics for finance, 3rd edition, Cambridge University Press, United Kingdom. Fan, S., Hazell, P. ve Thorat, S. 2000. Government spending, growth and poverty in rural India, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 82(4): 1038- 1051 FAO, 2019 The State of food and agricultue, moving forward on food loss and waste reduction, rome Fuglie, K. 2018. R&D Capital, r&d spillovers, and productivity growth in world agriculture, Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, 40(3): 421-444. Griliches, Z. 1957. An Exploration in the economics of technological change, Econometrica, 25(4): 501-522. Gutierrez, L. ve Gutierrez, M. M. 2003. International r&d spillovers and productivity growth in the agricultural sector. a panel cointegration approach, 25th International Conference of Agricultural Economists, August 16-22, Durban, South Africa. Heisey, P. W. ve Fuglie, K. O. 2018. Public agricultural R&D in high-income countries: Old and new roles in a new funding environment, Global Food Security,17, 92-102. Hsiao, C. ve Pesaran, M.H. 2004. “Random coefficient panel data models”, IZA Discussion Paper, No. 1236. Huffman, W., E. 2009. Measuring public agricultural research capital and ıts contribution to state agricultural productivity, Iova State University Working Paper No: 09022. Kristkova, S., Z., Smeets, E. ve Meijl, H., M. 2017. Agricultural r&d ınvestments, biofuel policy and food security–ACGE analysis, International Congress, August 28-September 1, 2017, Parma, Italy 260822, European Association of Agricultural Economists. Kumar, S., Mittal, R. 2009. role of agricultural r&d policy in managing agrarian crisis in India, Agricultural Economics Research Review, 22, 121-128. Küçük, O. 2011. Faktör esnekliği ve ölçeğe göre getiri: kobilerde karşılaştırmalı bir cobb-douglas üretim fonksiyonu uygulaması, Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 15(2): 353-362. Pan, C., Chang, T. ve Wolde-Rufael, Y. 2015. Military spending and economic growth in the middle east countries: bootstrap panel causality test, Defence and Peace Economics 26 (24): 443-456. Pardey, P. G., Kang, C. C., Dehme, S. P. ve Beddov, J. M. 2016. Agricultural r&d is on the move, erişim: 06.04.2020 https://www.nature.com/articles/537301a.pdf. Pesaran, M. H. 2004. General diagnostic tests for cross section dependence in panels, CWPE, 0435. Poi, B.P. 2003. From the help desk: swamy’s random-coefficient model, Tha Stata Journal, 3(3): 302-308. Ray D.K., Mueller N.D., West P.C. ve Foley J.A. 2013. Yield trends are insufficient to double global crop production by 2050. Plos One 8(6):1-8. Schultz, T., W. 1956. reflections on agricultural production, output and supply, Journal of Farm Economics, 38(3): 748-762. Sheng, Y., Gray, E. M., Mullen, J. D. ve Davidson, A. 2011. Public investment in agricultural r&d and extension: an analysis of the static and dynamic effects on Australian broadacre productivity, Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences, ABARES research report, no: 11.7. Sparger, J. A., Norton, G. W., Heisey, P. W. ve Alwang, J. 2013. Is the share of agricultural maintenance research rising in the United States?, Food Policy, 38, 126-135. Suphannachart, W. ve Warr, P. 2011. Research and productivity in thai Agriculture, Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 55 (1): 35–52. Swamy, P.A.V.B. 1970. Efficient ınference in a random coefficient regression model, Econometrica, 38 (2): 311-323. Taylor, M.P. ve Sarno, L. 1998. The behavior of real exchange rates during the post-bretton woods period, Journal of International Economics, 46, 281-312. Thirtle, C., Lin, L. ve Piesse, J. 2003. The ımpact of research-led agricultural productivity growth on poverty reduction in africa, asia and latin america, World Development 31(12): 1959–1975. Tilman, D., Balzer, C., Hill, J. ve Befort, B.L. 2011. Global food demand and the sustainable intensification of agriculture. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 108 (50): 20260– 20264. Wang, S. L., Ball, V. E., Fulginiti, L. E. ve Plastina, A. 2012. Accounting for the ımpact of local and spill-in public research, extension, and roads on u.s. regional agricultural productivity, 1980- 2004, in productivity growth in agriculture: an ınternational perspective, edited by Keith O. Fuglie, Sun Ling Wang, and V. Eldon Ball, CAB International. Wang, S. L., Heisey, P. W., Huffman, W. E. ve Fuglie, K. O. 2013. Public r&d, private r&d, and u.s. agricultural productivity growth: dynamic and long-run relationships, Amer. J. Agr. Econ. 95(5): 1287–1293. Yerdelen Tatoğlu, F. 2013. İleri Panel Veri Analizi Stata Uygulamalı, 2. baskı, Beta, İstanbul.
Toplam 1 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 23 Ocak 2021 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 24 Nisan 2020 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2021 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1 |
