The Effects of Different Forage Types on Feed Values and Digestibilities in Some Brassica Fodder Crops

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 94 - 102, 23.01.2021

Ünal Kılıç , Abdulkadir Erişek , Ali Garipoğlu , İlknur Ayan , Hasan Önder

https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.747031

Cited By: 3

Öz

This study was conducted to explore the effects of different forage types (fresh, hay and silage) on the chemical composition, forage quality and in vitro true digestibility (IVTD) of fodder turnip (Brassica rapa), fodder mustard (Brassica nigra) and canola (Brassica napus L.). Ankom Daisy incubator was used to determine the IVTD and forages were incubated for 48 hours. According to the findings of this study, canola silage and mustard silage have the highest ether extract (EE) content, while mustard silage has the highest crude protein (CP) content (P<0.001). It was found that, among the samples, turnip silage has the highest value in terms of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content; mustard grass, turnip grass and canola hay have higher values in terms of lignin content while mustard silage has the lowest lignin content. As a result, it was concluded that grass, hay and silage obtained from Brassica fodder crops could be used as alternative forage souces. However, use of Brassica silages is recommended in ruminant nutrition. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Canola,, fodder mustard,, fodder turnip,, silage,, hay

Destekleyen Kurum

Scientific Research Project Administration of Ondokuz Mayis University

Proje Numarası

PYO.ZRT.1901.11.010

Teşekkür

Authors grateful to the Scientific Research Project Administration of Ondokuz Mayis University for the financial support (Project Number: PYO.ZRT.1901.11.010).

The Effects of Different Forage Types on Feed Values and Digestibilities in Some Brassica Fodder Crops

Öz

This study was conducted to explore the effects of different forage types (fresh, hay and silage) on the chemical composition, forage quality and in vitro truly digestibility (IVTD) of fodder turnip (Brassica rapa), fodder mustard (Brassica nigra) and canola (Brassica napus L.). Ankom Daisy incubator was used to determine the IVTD and forages were incubated for 48 hours. According to the findings of this study, canola silage and mustard silage have the highest ether extract (EE) content, while mustard silage has the highest crude protein (CP) content (P<0.001). It was found that, among the samples, turnip silage has the highest value in terms of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content; mustard fresh, turnip fresh and canola hay have higher values in terms of lignin content while mustard silage has the lowest lignin content. The results of this study have led to the recognition of the use of fresh, hay and silage obtained from Brassica fodder crops as alternative forage sources. However, use of Brassica silages is recommended in ruminant nutrition.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fodder turnip, silage, hay, digestibility

Proje Numarası

PYO.ZRT.1901.11.010

Kaynakça

• AOAC. 1998. Officinal methods of analysis. 16th Edition, AOAC International, Gaithersburg, MD.
• AOCS. 2005. Official procedure, approved procedure Am 5-04, Rapid determination of oil/fat utilizing high temperature solvent extraction. J Am Oil Chem Soc, Urbana, IL.
• Ankom Technology, 2005. In vitro true digestibility using th Daisy II Incubator. Available from http://www.ankom.com/media/documents/ IVDMD_0805D200.pdf. Accessed:13.09.2010.
• Anonymous, 2006. Dairy industry drought response. feeding canola hay&silage. Available from http://www.dairyaustralia.com.au/files7Drought/canola_hay_silage_bulletin_no_8. pdf Accessed:29.11.2006
• Armstrong, R.H., Beattie, M.M., Robertson, E., 1993. Intake and digestibility of components of forage rape (Brassica napus) by sheep. Grass and Forage Science. 48 (4):410-415. Doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2494.1993.tb01875.x
• Barry, T.N., 2013. The feding value of forage Brassica plants for grazing ruminant livestock. Anim.. Feed. Sci. Technol. 181,15-25.
• Buxton, D. R. 1996. Quality related characteristics of forages as influenced by plant environment and agronomic factors. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 59:37-49.
• Canbolat O. 2013. Effect of maturity stage on the potential nutritive value of canola (Brassica napus L.) hays. Journal of Veterinary Faculty of Ankara Univ 60 (2). 145-150.
• Canbolat, O.,Kara, H., Filya, I., 2013. Comparison of in vitro gas production, metabolizable energy, organic matter digestibility and microbial protein production of some legume hays. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Uludag Univ. 27(2):71-81.
• Chaudhry, A. S. 1998. Chemical and biological procedures to upgrade cereal straw for ruminants. Nutr. Abst and Rev. (Series B). 68:319-331.
• Doane, P. H., P. Schofield and A. N. Pell. 1997. Neutral detergent fibre disappearance, gas and volatile fatty acids production during the in vitro fermentation of six forages. J. Anim. Sci. 75:3342-3352.
• Filya, İ., 2001. Silage Technology. Hakan Press. Izmir-Turkey.
• Fraser, M.D., Winters, A., Fychan, R., Davies, D.R., Jones, R., 2001. The effect of harvest date and inoculation on the yield, fermentation characteristics and feeding value of kale silage. Grass and Forage Science. 56(2):151–161. Doi:10.1046/j.1365-494.2001.00262.x
• Hall, M.H., Jung, J., 2008. Use of Brassica Crops to Extend the Grazing Season. Available from http://extension.psu.edu/plants/crops/forages/species/use-of-Brassica-crops-to-extend-the-grazing-season/extension_publication_file [Accessed date:20.04.2016] Penn State Extension.The Pennsylvania State University.
• Kamalak, A., Canbolat, O., Gurbuz, Y., Ozkan, C. O., Kizilsimsek, M., 2005. Determination of nutritive value of wild mustard, Sinapsis arvensis harvested at different maturity stages using in situ and in vitro measurements.Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci,18(9), 1249-1254.
• Kaur, R., Garcia, S.C., Fulkerson, W.J., Barchia, I., 2009. Utilisation of forage rape (Brassica napus) and Persian clover (Trifolium resupinatum) diets by sheep: effects on whole tract digestibility and Rumen parameters. Animal Production Science 50(1)59-67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/EA08309
• Kaya I., Sahin T., Elmali D.A., Ünal Y., 2011. The effects of grazing and concentrate supplementation at pasture on performance and rumen parameters in lambs. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 17 (5): 693-697, 2011. DOI:10.9775/kvfd.2011.3699
• Kilic, U., 2009. Using canola forage as roughage source in ruminant nutrition. Journal of Lalahan Livestock Research Institute. 49 (2) 125-135.
• Kilic, U., Erisek, A., 2019. Effects of Additive Use on Silage Quality and in vitro Digestibility of Some Brassica silages. Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research, 2019, 6(11):163-171. Available from http://jsaer.com/download/vol-6-iss-11-2019/JSAER2019-6-11-163-171.pdf
• Leep, R. 2007. Forage Brassicas for supplementing pasture slumps. Available from http://www.ipm.msu.edu/pdf/drought_forage_Brassicas.pdf Accessed: 01.02.2009.
• Markham, R., 1942. A steam distilation apparatus suitable for micro-kjeldahl analysis. Biochem. J., Pp. 36:790.
• Mishra, A. S., O. H. Chaturvedi, Ananta, R. Khali, A. Prasad, A. K. Santra, S. Misra and R. C. Parthasarathy. 2000. Effect of sodium hydroxide and alkaline hydrogen peroxide treatment on physical and chemical characteristics and IVOMD of mustard straw. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 84:257-264.
• Moorby, J.M., Evans, P.R., Young, N.E., 2003. Nutritive value of barley/kale bi-crop silage for lactating dairy cows. Grass and Forage Science 58,184-191.
• Norton B.W., 2003.The nutritive value of tree legumes. Available from http://www.fao.org/ ag/ AGP /AGPC/doc/Pub/licat/Guttshel/x5556e0j.htm , pp. 1-10. Accessed::23.10 2003.
• Pritchard, F., Jones, D., McCaffery, D., O’Keeffe, K., Potter, T., Burton, W., 2008. A Bright future for canola & reducing risks in 2008. IREC Farmers’ Newsletter, No.178, Autumn 2008. 14-17.
• Rohweder, D. A., Barnes, R. E., Jorgensen, N. 1978. Proposed hay grading standartsbased on laboratory analysis for evaluating quality. J. Anim. Sci. 47: 747-759.
• Sahin T, Kaya O, Elmali DA, Kaya İ., 2013. Effects of dietary supplementation with distiller dried grain with solubles in growing lambs on growth, nutrient digestibility and rumen parameters Revue Méd Vét, 164 (4): 173-178.
• Sun, X.Z., Waghorn, G.C., Hoskin, S.O., Harrison, S.J., Muetzel,S., Pacheco, D., 2012. Methane emissions from sheep fed fresh Brassicas compared to prennial ryegrass. Anim. Feed. Sci. Technol. 176,107-116.
• Vaithiyanathan, S., S. K. S. Raghuvanshi, A. S. Mishra, M. K. Tripathi, A. K. Misra, R. Prasad and R. C. Jakhmola. 2003. Effect of feeding chemically treated mustard (Brassica campestris) straw on rumen fibre degrading enzymes in sheep. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 16(11):1610-1613.
• Van Soest, P. J., Robertson, J. B., Levis, B. A., 1991. Method for Dietary Fiber, Neutral Detergent Fiber, and Nonstarch Polysaccharides in Relation to Animal Nutrition. J. Dairy Sci. 74:3583-3597.
• Westwood, C. T., Mulcock, H., 2012. Nutritional evaluation of five species of forage Brassica. In Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 74:31-38.