ASSESSMENT OF FIREFIGHTING TEAMS BY USING GIS-BASED NETWORK ANALYSIS METHOD

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 424 - 435, 24.10.2020

Abdullah Emin Akay , Abdullah Erdoğan İnanç Taş

https://doi.org/10.32328/turkjforsci.799293

Cited By: 2

Öz

The forest areas located along the coastline of the Mediterranean region in Turkey are sensitive to forest fires in the first degree. According to the fire statistics, about 21000 hectares of forest areas are damaged by forest fires annually. In order to fight forest fires effectively, the firefighting teams should reach the fire location and start fire extinguishing activities within the critical response time. GIS-based network analysis method can be used to evaluate the performance of the firefighting teams in a specified area. In this study, the locations of three firefighting teams within and around Yayla Forest Enterprise Chief (FEC) in the city of Balıkesir in Turkey was evaluated using "Network Analyst" module of ArcGIS software. In the first step, the optimum routes which provided the fastest access from the locations of firefighting teams to the possible fire areas were determined by using “New Closest Facility” method under "Network Analyst" module. Then, “New Service Area” method under the same module was used to calculate how far the firefighting teams can reach in the study area within a specific critical response time. It was found that 16 out of 19 potential fire areas could be reached by the teams within the critical response time. In addition, 83% of the forest areas in Yayla FEC was found to be reachable by the firefighting teams within the critical response time. The results suggested that the locations of the firefighting teams were found to be suitable for effective firefighting activities in the study area.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Firefighting teams, forest fire, forest roads, network analysis, shortest path

CBS TABANLI AĞ ANALİZİ YÖNTEMİ KULLANILARAK YANGIN İLK MÜDAHALE EKİPLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Öz

Ülkemizde Akdeniz bölgesinin kıyı şeridinde boyunca uzanan ormanlık alanlar orman yangınlarına birinci dereceden hassastır. Yangın istatistiklerine göre yılda yaklaşık 21000 hektar ormanlık alan orman yangınlarından zarar görmektedir. Orman yangınlarıyla etkin bir şekilde mücadele edebilmek için yangınla mücadelede görev alan ilk müdahale ekiplerinin yangın yerine ulaşması ve kritik müdahale süresi içerisinde yangın söndürme faaliyetlerine başlaması gerekmektedir. Belirli bir alanda yangınla mücadele ekiplerinin performansını değerlendirmek için CBS tabanlı ağ analizi yöntemi kullanılabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Balıkesir ilinde yer alan Yayla Orman İşletme Şefliği sınırları içinde ve çevresinde bulunan üç yangın ilk müdahale ekibinin lokasyonları ArcGIS yazılımının "Network Analyst" modülü kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. İlk aşamada, ilk müdahale ekiplerinin lokasyonlarından olası yangın alanlarına en hızlı erişimi sağlayan optimum güzergahlar, "Network Analyst" modülü altında "New Closest Facility" yöntemi kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Daha sonra, yangınla mücadele ekiplerinin kritik müdahale süresi içinde çalışma alanında ne kadar uzağa ulaşabileceğini hesaplamak için aynı modül altında “New Service Area” yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Ekipler tarafından kritik müdahale süresi içerisinde 19 potansiyel yangın alanından 16 alana ulaşılabildiği tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, çalışma alanındaki ormanlık alanların %83'üne yangınla mücadele ekipleri tarafından kritik müdahale süresi içerisinde ulaşılabildiği tespit edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, yangınla mücadele ekiplerinin konumlarının çalışma alanındaki etkili yangınla mücadele faaliyetleri için uygun olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yangın ilk müdahale ekipleri, orman yangını, orman yolları, ağ analizi, en kısa yol

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