The effect of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on the physical fitness of children aged 16, living in Kosovo

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 66 - 72, 30.06.2021

Milaim Berısha , Agron Thaqi

https://doi.org/10.31459/turkjkin.932102

Cited By: 3

Öz

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on the physical fitness of children aged 16, living in Kosovo. The research was conducted on a sample of 41 students aged 16 years ± 6 months, who are high school students from the Republic of Kosovo (n = 41 boys). Physical tests included in the study to measure the anthropometric and motor abilities included, height, weight, body mass index, balance, flexibility, strength continuity, explosive force, and anaerobic peak power. The calculation of the data was made by using the SPSS 24 software program. The One-Way repeated measure ANOVA Analysis was used to calculate the statistical data of the tests that were included in the study (years: 2018, 2019, and 2020). The study results have shown statistically significant effects of the pandemic on motor abilities, such as on explosive force and anaerobic peak power. However, there is no significant effect of the pandemic on anthropometric characteristics, balance, and flexibility (p>0.05). The effects of the pandemic on the health of the children living in Kosovo were less in comparison with the effects of the pandemic reported by the World Health Organization and other countries. Moreover, the study also showed decreases in motor abilities in the years when the COVID-19 pandemic had not occurred.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Coronavirus Disease (covid-19), Kosovo, Physical Education and Sports, Physical Fitness

Kaynakça

• Astrid, R., Marte, B.B & Cecilie, P.D. (2021). The impact of COVID-19 and homeschooling on students' engagement with physical activity. Sports Act Living, 2, 589227. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2020.589227.
• Baumgartner, T. A., Oh, S., Chung, H. & Hales, D. (2002). Objectivity, reliability, and validity for a revised push-up test protocol. Meas Phys Educ Exerc Sci, 6(4), 225–42.
• Bayraktar, I. (2010). Normative study of some physical and physiological parameters of 13-17 age group athletes and wrestlers. Doctoral Thesis, Gazi University, Institute of Health Sciences, Turkey.
• Berisha, M. (2018). Determination of norm values in evaluation of physical and bio-motoric developments in 11-17 years children in Kosovo. Doctoral thesis, Sakarya University, Turkey.
• Carek, P.J., Laibstain, S.E. & Carek, S.M. (2011). Exercise for the treatment of depression and anxiety. Int J Psychiatry Med, 41, 15–28.
• Chekroud, S.R., Gueorguieva, R. & Zheutlin, A.B. (2018). Association between physical exercise and mental health in 12 million individuals in the USA between 2011 and 2015: A cross-sectional study. Lancet Psychiatry, 5, 736–746.
• Günay, M., Tamer, K., Cicioğlu, İ. & Şıktar, E. (2017). Spor fiziyolojisi ve performans ölçüm testleri. 4th Edition, Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi Tic. Ltd. Şti. [In Turkish]
• Jürimäe, T. & Volbekiene, V. (1998). Eurofit test results in Estonian and Lithuanian 11 to 17‐year‐old children: A comparative study. Eur J Phys Educ, 3(2), 178-184.
• KAS-Kosovo Agency of Statistics. (2019). Population Assessment.
• Lavie, C.J., Ozemek, C., Carbone, S., Katzmarzyk, P.T. & Blair, S.N. (2019). Sedentary behavior, exercise, and cardiovascular health. Circ Res,124(5), 799-815.
• Mackala, K., Stodółka, J., Siemienski, A. & Coh, M. (2013). Biomechanical analysis of squat jump and countermovement jump from varying starting positions. J Strength Cond Res, 27(10), 2650-2661.
• National Institute of Public Health of Kosovo NIPHK. (2020).
• Nešić, G., Ilić, D., Majstorovic, N., Grbic, V. & Osmankac, N. (2013). Effects of training on basic and specific motor abilities of volleyball players aged 13–14 years. SportLogia, 9(2), 119–27.
• Nguyen, J.& Brymer, B. (2018). Nature-based guided imagery as an intervention for state anxiety. Front Psychol, 9, 1858.
• Pitanga, F.J.G., Beck, CC. & Pitanga, C.P.S. (2020). Physical activity and reducing sedentary behavior during the coronavirus pandemic. Arq Bras Cardiol, 114(6), 1058-1060.
• Şahan, A. (2017). Puberte döneminde yapılan kuvvet antremanlarının koordinasyon gelişimi üzerine etkisi. Ankara: Nobel Bilimsel Eserler. [In Turkish]
• UNESCO. (2020). Education: From disruption to recovery. Paris. https://en.unesco.org/covid19/educationresponse).
• Warren, T.Y., Barry, V., Hooker, S.P., Sui, X., Church, T.S. & Blair, S.N. (2010). Sedentary behaviors increase risk of cardiovascular disease mortality in men. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 42(5), 879-85.
• WHO (2020). Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Technical guidance: Guidance for schools, workplaces and institutions. Report. Available online at: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/considerations-for-school-related-public-health-measures-in-the-context-of-covid-19 (Accessed August 03, 2020).
• Young, D.R., Hivert, M.F., Alhassan, S., Camhi, S.M., Ferguson, J.F & Katzmarzyk, P.T. (2016). Sedentary behavior and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality: a science advisory from the American Heart Association. Circulation, 134(13), e262-e79.
• Zhou, J., Xie, X., Guo, B., Pei, R., Pei, X., Yang, S. & Jia, P. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Physical Activity Among the Chinese Youths: The COVID-19 Impact on Lifestyle Change Survey (COINLICS). Front Public Health 9, 592795.