The Adaptation of National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) into Turkish: A Validity and Reliability Study

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 1 - 19, 20.04.2022

Burcu Bilir Koca , Engin Karadağ , Osman Çekiç

https://doi.org/10.32329/uad.981691

Cited By: 1

Öz

Yükseköğretim Öğrenci Bağlılığı Ölçeği’nin Türkçe’ye Uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı yükseköğretimde öğrenci bağlılığını ölçmeye yönelik geliştirilen Yükseköğretim Öğrenci Bağlılığı Ölçeği’nin (YÖBÖ) Türk dili ve kültürüne uyarlamasını gerçekleştirmek ve ölçeğin geçerlik ile güvenirliğini test etmektir. Araştırma 450 öğretmen adayı üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Ölçeğin uyarlanma sürecinde sırasıyla çeviri geçerliği, dil ve anlam geçerliği, içerik geçerliği, yapı geçerliği ve güvenirlik analizi çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular neticesinde YÖBÖ’nün uyarlaması yapılan orijinal ölçekte olduğu gibi yükseköğretimdeki öğrenci bağlılığını on boyutlu bir yapı olarak ölçebildiği doğrulanmıştır. Ölçek için elde edilen geçerlik ve güvenirlik sonuçlarına göre, ölçeğin Türkçe formunun orijinali gibi kabul edilebilir düzeyde geçerlik göstergelerinin bulunduğu ve yeterli güvenirlik katsayılarına sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak YÖBÖ’nün, yükseköğretimdeki öğrenci bağlılığını ölçebilecek güvenilir ve geçerli bir ölçme aracı olduğu ortaya konmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

öğrenci bağlılığı, ölçek uyarlama, nsse, yükseköğretim, üniversite öğrencisi

Kaynakça

• Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, D. (1984). The effect of sampling error on convergence, improper solutions, and goodness-of-fit indices for maximum likelihood confirmatory factor analysis. Psychometrika, 49(2), 155-173.
• Appleton, J. J., Christenson, S. L., Kim, D., & Reschly, A. L. (2006). Measuring cognitive and psychological engagement: Validation of the student engagement instrument. Journal of School Psychology, 44(5), 427-445. doi:10.1016/j.jsp.2006.04.002.
• Archambault, I., Janosz, M., Fallu, J., & Pagani, L. S. (2009). Student engagement and its relationship with early high school dropout. Journal of Adolescence, 32, 651-670. doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2008.06.007.
• Astin, A. W. (1985). Achieving educational excellence. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
• Axelson, R. D., & Flick, A. (2010). Defining student engagement. Change: The Magazine of Higher Learning, 43(1), 38-43. doi: 10.1080/00091383.2011.533096.
• Baloğlu, N. ve Karadağ, E. (2008). Öğretmen yetkinliğinin tarihsel gelişimi ve Ohio öğretmen yetkinlik ölçeği: Türk kültürüne uyarlama, dil geçerliği ve faktör yapısının incelenmesi. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Yönetimi, 56, 571- 606.
• Banta, T. W., Pike, G. R., & Hansen, M. J. (2009). The use of engagement data in accreditation, planning, and assessment. New Directions for Institutional Research, 141, 21-34. doi: 10.1002/ir.284.
• Brown, T. A. (2006). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. New York: The Guilford Press.
• Carini, R. M., Kuh, G. D., & Klein, S. P. (2006). Student engagement and student learning: Testing the linkages. Research in Higher Education, 47(1), 1-32.
• Cinches, M. F. C., Russell, R. L. V., Chavez, J. C., & Ortiz, R. O. (2017). Student engagement: Defining teacher effectiveness and teacher engagement. Journal of Institutional Research South East Asia, 15(1), 5-19.
• Coates, H. (2007). A model of online and general campus-based student engagement. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 32(2), 121-141.
• Cole, D. (1987). Utility of confirmatory factor analysis in test validation research. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 55(4), 584-594.
• Connell, J., Spencer, M., & Aber, J. (1994). Educational risk and resilience in african-american youth: Context, self, action, and outcomes in school. Child Development, 65(2), 493-506. doi:10.2307/1131398.
• Cox, B. G. (2013). Academic and social integration of the non-traditional college student: Does engagement affect retention. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC.
• Doll, W. J., Xia, W., & Torkzadeh, G. (1994). A confirmatory factor analysis of the end-user computing satisfaction instrument. MIS Quarterly, 18(4), 453-461.
• Durmuş, B., Yurtkoru, E. S. ve Çinko, M. (2013). Sosyal bilimlerde SPSS’le veri analizi (5. Baskı). İstanbul: Beta Basın Yayın Dağıtım.
• Field, A. (2009). Discovering statistics using SPSS. (Third edition). London: Sage Publications.
• Finn, J. D. (1989). Withdrawing from school. Review of educational research, 59(2), 117-142.
• Fredricks, J. A., Blumenfeld, P. C., & Paris, A. H. (2004). School engagement: Potential of the concept, state of the evidence. Review of Educational Research, 74(1), 59-109.
• Frydenberg, E., Ainley, M., & Russell, V. J. (2005). Schooling issues digest: Student motivation and engagement. The Australian Government Department of Education, Science and Training (DEST). http://web.archive.org/web/20120721015202/http://www.dest.gov.au/sectors/school_education/publications_resources/schooling_issues_digest/schooling_issues_digest_motivation_engagement.htm#Introduction adresinden erişilmiştir.
• Fuller, M. B., Wilson, M. A., & Tobin, R. M. (2011). The National Survey of Student Engagement as a predictor of undergraduate GPA: A cross-sectional and longitudinal examination. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 36(6), 735-748. doi: 10.1080/02602938.2010.488791.
• Furlong, M. J., & Christenson, S. L. (2008). Engaging students at school and with learning: A relevant construct for all students. Psychology in the Schools, 45(5), 365-368. doi: 10.1002/pits.20302.
• Gordon, J., Ludlum, J., & Hoey, J. J. (2008). Validating NSSE against student outcomes: Are they related?. Research in Higher Education, 49, 19-39. doi: 10.1007/s11162-007-9061-8.
• Groccia, J. E. (2018). What is student engagement?. New Directıons For Teaching And Learning, 154, 11-20. doi: 10.1002/tl.
• Günüç, S. (2013). Teknolojinin öğrenci bağlılığındaki rolü ve derste teknoloji kullanımı ile öğrenci bağlılığı arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi. (Doktora tezi). Anadolu Üniversitesi, Eskişehir.
• Harris, L. R. (2008). A phenomenographic investigation of teacher conceptions of student engagement in learning. The Australian Educational Researcher, 35(1), 57-79.
• Heng, K. (2014). The relationships between student engagement and the academic achievement of first-year university students in Cambodia. Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 23(2), 179-189. doi: 10.1007/s40299-013-0095-8.
• Jones, S. G. (2013). The relationship between the National Survey of Student Engagement scores and persistence data from the freshman to sophomore year among Georgia Southern University students. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA.
• Jöreskog, K. G., Sörbom, D., Du Toit, S. & Du Toit, M. (2001). LISREL 8: New statistical features. Lincolnwood, IL: Scientific Software International.
• Klem, A. M., & Connell, J. P. (2004). Relationships matter: Linking teacher support to student engagement and achievement. Journal of School Health, 74(7), 262-273. doi: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2004.tb08283.x.
• Kline, P. (1994). An easy guide to factor analysis. New York: Routledge.
• Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (Third edition). New York: The Guilford Press.
• Korobova, N. (2012). A comparative study of student engagement, satisfaction, and academic success among international and American students. (Doctoral dissertation). Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa.
• Krause, K. (2005). Understanding and promoting student engagement in university learning communities. 'Engaged, inert or otherwise occupied?. Victoria: The University of Melbourne, Centre for the Study of Higher Education. https://www.liberty.edu/media/3425/teaching_resources/Stud_eng.pdf adresinden erişilmiştir.
• Krause, K. L., & Coates, H. (2008) Students’ engagement in first‐year university. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 33(5), 493-505. doi: 10.1080/02602930701698892.
• Kuh, G. D. (2003). What we're learning about student engagement from NSSE: Benchmarks for effective educational practices. Change: The Magazine of Higher Learning, 35(2), 24-32. doi:10.1080/00091380309604090.
• Kuh G. D. (2009a). What student affairs professionals need to know about student engagement. Journal of College Student Development, 50, 683-706.
• Kuh, G. D. (2009b). The National Survey of Student Engagement: Conceptual and empirical foundations. New Directions for Institutional Research, 141, 5-20.
• Kuh, G. D., Kinzie, J., Buckley, J. A., Bridges, B. K., & Hayek, J. C. (2007). Piecing together the student success puzzle: Research, propositions and recommendations. ASHE Higher Education Report, 32(5), San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
• Kuh, G. D., Cruce, T. M., Shoup, R., Kinzie, J., & Gonyea, R. M. (2008). Unmasking the effects of student engagement on first-year college grades and persistence. The Journal of Higher Education, 79(5), 540-563.
• Ladd, G. W., & Dinella, L. M. (2009). Continuity and change in early school engagement: Predictive of children's achievement trajectories from first to eighth grade?. Journal of Educational Psychology, 101(1), 190-206.
• LaNasa, S. M., Olson, E., & Alleman, N. (2007). The impact of on-campus student growth on first-year student engagement and success. Research in Higher Education, 48(8), 941-966. doi: 10.1007/s11162-007-9056-5.
• Lewis, A.D. (2010). Facilitating student engagement: The importance of life satisfaction. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of South Carolina, South Carolina.
• Li, Y., Lerner, J. V., & Lerner, R. M. (2010). Personal and ecological assets and academic competence in early adolescence: The mediating role of school engagement. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 39, 801-815.
• Marks, H. (2000). Student engagement in instructional activity: Patterns in the elementary, middle, and high school years. American Educational Research Journal, 37(1), 153-184.
• Marsh, H. W., & Balla, J. (1994). Goodness of fit in confirmatory factor analysis: The effects of sample size and model parsimony. Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, 28(2), 185-217. doi: 10.1007/BF01102761.
• Miller, A. L., Sarraf, S. A., Dumford, A. D., & Rocconi, L. M. (2016). Construct validity of NSSE engagement indicators. https://nsse.indiana.edu/pdf/psychometric_portfolio/Validity_ConstructValidity_FactorAnalysis_2013.pdf adresinden erişilmiştir.
• National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE). (2019). NSSE 2019 Engagement indicators internal consistency statistics by class level. http://nsse.indiana.edu/2019_institutional_report/pdf/EI%20Intercorrelations%202019.pdf adresinden erişilmiştir.
• Newmann, F. M. (1989). Student engagement and high school reform. Educational Leadership, 46(5), 34-36. Osagie, S. E. (2016). Student engagement and academic success in veterans’ post-secondary education. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Temple University, Philadelphia, PA.
• Önen, E. (2014). Öğrencinin okula bağlılığı ölçeği: Türk ortaokul ve lise öğrencileri için uyarlama çalışması. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 5(42), 221-234.
• Öz, Y. (2019). Yükseköğretimde öğrenci katılımı. (Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi). Anadolu Üniversitesi, Eskişehir.
• Park, Y. S. (2005). Student engagement and classroom variables in improving mathematics achievement. Asia Pacific Education Review, 6(1), 87-97.
• Park, S., Holloway, S. D., Arendtsz, A., Bempechat, J., & Li, J. (2012). What makes students engaged in learning? A time-use study of within- and between-individual predictors of emotional engagement in low-performing high schools. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 41, 390-401.
• Pascarella, E. T., & Terenzini, P. T. (1991). How college affects students. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
• Peck, L. (2017). The correlation between the National Survey of Student Engagement indicators and first year student achievement, satisfaction, and retention. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Old Domininion University, Norfolk, VA.
• Phillips, G. C. (2013). A comparative study of international student engagement and success based on race/ethnicity, gender, and institutional type. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.
• Pike, G. R., Kuh, G. D., & Massa-McKinley, R. (2008). First-year students' employment, engagement, and academic achievement: Untangling the relationship between work and grades. Naspa Journal, 45(4), 560-582. doi: 10.2202/1949-6605.2011.
• Punch, K. F. (2014). Sosyal araştırmalara giriş: Nicel ve nitel yaklaşımlar. (D. Bayrak, H. B. Arslan ve Z. Akyüz, Çev.). Ankara: Siyasal Kitapevi.
• Reeve, J., & Tseng, C. M. (2011). Agency as a fourth aspect of students’ engagement during learning activities. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 36, 257-267.
• Rice, D. (2017). An exploratory study examining the relationship between student engagement and success between minority and non-mınority nursing students. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama.
• Sarwar, M., & Ashrafi, G. M. (2014). Students' commitment, engagement and locus of control as predictor of academic achievement at higher education level. Current Issues in Education, 17(3), 1-10.
• Schumacker, R. E., & Lomax, R. G. (2004). A beginner’s guide to structural equation modelling (Second edition). New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
• Segars, A. H. & Grover, V. (1993). Re-examining perceived ease of use and usefulness: A confirmatory factor analysis. MIS Quarterly, 17(4), 517-525.
• Serttaş, Ö. (2019). Okul ikliminin yordayıcısı olarak öğrencilerin prososyal davranışları ve öğrenci bağlılığı: Lise öğrencileri üzerine yapılan bir araştırma. (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Fırat Üniversitesi, Elazığ.
• Shinde, G. S. (2008). The relationship between students’ responses on the National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) and retention. (Doctoral dissertation). Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, TN.
• Shinde, G. S. (2010). The relationship between students’ responses on the National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) and retention. Review of Higher Education and Self-Learning, 3(7), 54-67.
• Snyder, J. A. (2008). An exploration of the effects of student characteristics and engagement practices on academic success for low-income college students. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH.
• Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using multivariate statistics (Sixth edition). New Jersey: Pearson Education.
• Tinto, V. (1975). Dropout from higher education: A theoretical synthesis of recent research. Review of Educational Research, 45(1), 89-125. doi:10.3102/00346543045001089.
• Trowler, V. (2010). Student engagement literature review. York: The Higher Education Academy.
• Uğur, E. ve Akın, A. (2015). The psychometric properties of Turkish version of the student engagement scale. SDU International Journal of Educational Studies, 2(1), 53-59.
• Wang, M., & Holcombe, R. (2010). Adolescents’ perceptions of school environment, engagement and academic achievement in middle school. American Educational Research Journal, 47(3), 633-662. doi:10.3102/0002831209361209.
• Ward, C., Yates, D., & Song, J. Y. (2012). Blending research and teamwork to enhance undergraduate education: Results from National Survey of Student Engagement and business ETS major field test. American Journal Of Business Education, 5(3), 325-330. doi: 10.19030/ajbe.v5i3.7004.
• Willms, J. D. (2003). Student engagement at school: A sense of belonging and participation, Results from PISA 2000. Paris: Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).
• Zepke, N., Leach, L., & Butler, P. (2010). Engagement in post-compulsory education: Students’ motivation and action. Research in Post-Compulsory Education, 15(1), 1-17. doi: 10.1080/13596740903565269.