Plastik Atıkların ve Yapıda Kullanım Olanaklarının İncelenmesi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 3, 148 - 157, 30.09.2020

Merve Kayılı Gülser Çelebi

Öz

Plastikler dayanıklı, yalıtkan ve hafif malzemelerdir. Şekil verilebilme özelliği yüksek, esnek veya rijit olarak üretilebildikleri için kullanım alanı da geniştir. Plastiklerin günümüzden her sektöründe kullanılması, atık miktarının da her geçen gün kaçınılmaz olarak artması anlamına gelmektedir. Plastik atıklarının azaltımına yönelik en önemli çözüm, kaynakta azaltma yöntemi olup, sonrasında ise yeniden kullanım ve geri dönüşümdür. Mümkün olduğunca düşük tüketim sonrasında kullanım ömrünü tamamlayan plastik atıkların yeniden kullanılması ya da yapıda veya çeşitli sektörlerde farklı işlevlerde geri dönüşümü, atık azaltımını güçlendiren yöntemler arasında görülmektedir. Plastik tüketiminin azaltılması, kullanılmış plastik ürünlerin sektöre döndürülmesi atık oranının azaltılmasının yanı sıra ülke ekonomisi bağlamında da büyük önem arz etmektedir. Çalışma kapsamında Türkiye’de plastik kullanımının niceliği ve atık plastiklerin azaltılmasına yönelik yöntemlere yer verilirken, plastik atıkların azaltılmasına yönelik atık plastik kullanılarak üretilen kompozit malzeme çalışmaları ve yapıda kullanım olanakları detaylı bir literatür çalışması ile ele alınmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Plastik atıklar, atık azaltımı, atık plastiklerin yapıda kullanımı

Investigation of Plastic Wastes and Possibilities for Use in Construction

Öz

Plastics are durable, insulating and lightweight materials. Since they can be produced with high shapeability, flexible or rigid usage area is also wide. The use of plastics in every sector of today means that the amount of waste inevitably increases with each passing day.The most important solution for the reduction of plastic wastes is the method of reduction at the source, and then reuse and recycling. Reuse of plastic wastes that have completed their lifetime after consumption as low as possible, or recycling in different functions in the building or in various sectors, are among the methods that strengthen waste reduction. Reducing plastic consumption, returning used plastic products to the industry is of great importance in the context of the country's economy as well as reducing the waste rate. In this study, the quantity of plastic used in Turkey and the methods for the reduction of waste plastic were evaluated. Then composite material studies using waste plastic to reduce plastic wastes and usage possibilities in the building are discussed with a detailed literature study.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Waste plastics, waste reduction, use of waste plastics in the construction

Kaynakça

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