A PRAGMATIC STUDY OF FOOTBALL INTERPRETERS’ FACEWORK IN MEDIATED PLAYER INTERVIEWS AND PRESS CONFERENCES

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 224 - 239, 30.06.2024

Burak Özsöz

https://doi.org/10.37999/udekad.1453007

Öz

The paper explores the football interpreters’ facework behaviour through a qualitative analysis of interpreted player interviews and post-match press conferences. It presents a case study based on examples from a small corpus of six transcripts of publicly displayed football-related multi-party interpreted talk. Characterized by an organized structure, press interviews and conferences can pre-determine the contributions of all parties to the interaction towards the common goal of the institution they represent. In this context, based on face negotiation theory that distinguishes between individualism and collectivism, the study aims to question interpreters’ traditional role as impartial intermediaries in conflict situations. The analysis has shown that when football interpreters are faced with conflicting role expectations with respect to facework, they opt to reduce or omit threats in their renditions in attempt to protect the goals of the group they align themselves with.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Face, Discourse of Football, Football Interpreting, Favouritism, Pragmatics

FUTBOL ÇEVİRMENLERİNİN OYUNCU RÖPORTAJLARI VE BASIN TOPLANTILARINDAKİ YÜZE YÖNELİK EYLEMLERİ ÜZERİNE EDİMBİLİMSEL BİR ÇALIŞMA

Öz

Bu makalede, sözlü çevirmenin varlığında gerçekleşen oyuncu röportajları ve maç sonrası basın toplantılarının nitel çözümlemesi ile futbol çevirmenlerinin yüze yönelik eylem biçimleri ele alınmaktadır. Bu araştırma, görsel medyada kamuya açık olarak yayımlanan futbol içerikli altı farklı sözcelem durumunun çevriyazısından oluşan bir derleme dayanan bir durum çalışması niteliğindedir. Örgütlü bir yapıya sahip olan röportaj ve basın toplantılarında, tüm muhataplar eylem ve söylemlerini temsil ettikleri kurumun ortak hedefleri doğrultusunda şekillendirmek durumunda kalabilirler. Bu bağlamda, bireyci ve toplumcu anlayış arasında ayrım yapan yüz müzakere kuramı çerçevesinde, tercümanların çatışma durumlarında tarafsız aracılar olarak geleneksel rolünün sorgulanması amaçlanmaktadır. Ortaya çıkan sonuçlar, futbol çevirmenlerinin yüzle ilgili çelişkili rol beklentileriyle karşı karşıya kaldıklarında, ait oldukları grubun hedeflerini korumak amacıyla tercümelerinde kaynak sözcedeki tehdit unsurlarını hafifletmeyi ya da görmezden gelmeyi tercih ettiklerini göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yüz, Futbol Söylemi, Futbol Tercümanlığı, Taraftarlık, Edimbilim

Kaynakça

• Baraldi, C. and Gavioli, L. (2014). “Are Close Renditions the Golden Standard? Some Thoughts on Translating Accurately in Healthcare Interpreter Mediated Interaction”, The Interpreter and Translator Trainer, 8/3, 336-353.
• Benzer, A. (2010). “Türk Futbol Dili”, Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 6/2, 88-103.
• Birner, B. J. (2013). Introduction to Pragmatics, Wiley-Blackwell, Malden, MA.
• Bora, T. (2006). Kârhanede Romantizm: Futbol Yazıları, İletişim Yayınları, İstanbul.
• Brown, P. & Levinson, S. C. (1987). Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage, Cambridge University Press.
• Bulut, A. (2008). Basından Örneklerle Çeviride İdeoloji ve İdeolojik Çeviri, Siyasal Kitabevi, Ankara.
• Bulut, A. (2016). “Spor Tercümanlığı ve İltimas: Manipülatörler ya da Günah Keçileri”, RumeliDE Dil Ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, 6, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.336533.
• Bulut, A. (2018). Türkiye’de Futbol Çevirmenliği, Çeviribilim Yayınları, İstanbul.
• Clayman, S. E. (2004). “Arenas of Interaction in the Mediated Public Sphere”, Poetics, 32/1, 29–49.
• Cuper, S. (1994). Football Against the Enemy, Orion Publishing House, Hachette UK.
• Diriker, E. (2013). “Simultaneous and Conference Interpreting in Conference Situations (Conference Interpreting)”, Routledge Handbook of Translation Studies, (Ed C. Millan-Varela, and F. Bartrina), Routledge, London/New York.
• Goffman, E. (1955). “On Face-work: An Analysis of Ritual Elements in Social Interaction”, Psychiatry: Journal for the Study of Interpersonal Processes, 18, 213–231.
• Goffman, E. (1967). Interaction Ritual: Essays on Face-to-Face Interaction, Aldine.
• Graf, EM et. al. (2023). “The Language and Discourse(s) of Football. Interdisciplinary and Cross-Modal Perspectives: Introduction to The Thematic Issue”. Soccer and Society, 24/7, 921-925.
• Kerbrat-Orecchioni, C. (2011). “From Good Manners to Facework”, Journal of Historical Pragmatics, 12/1–2, 133–155.
• Lee, J. (2011). “A Study of Facework in Interpreter-Mediated Courtroom Examination”, Perspectives: Studies in Translatology, 21/1, 1-18.
• Martínez-Gómez, A. (2016). “Facing Face: Non-Professional Interpreting in Prison Mental Health Interviews”, European Journal of Applied Linguistics, 4/1, 93-115.
• Mason, I. (2009). “Dialogue Interpreting”, Routledge Encyclopaedia of Translation Studies, (Ed. M. Baker and G. Saldanha), Routledge, London/New York, 81-83.
• Mason, I. & Stewart, M. (2001). “Interactional Pragmatics, Face and the Dialogue Interpreter”, Triadic Exchanges. Studies in Dialogue Interpreting, (Ed. I. Mason), St Jerome Publishing, Manchester, 51-70.
• Merlini, R. (2013). “Changing Perspectives. Politeness in Cooperative Multi-Party Interpreted Talk”. Interpreting in a Changing Landscape, (Ed. C. Schäffner, K. Kredens, and Y. Fowler), John Benjamins, Amsterdam/Philadelphia, 267–283.
• Özsöz, B. (2023). “A Discourse-Oriented Approach to Interpreter’s Non-Rendition Behaviour: A Case Study of An Interpreted Parent-Teacher Talk”, Journal of Language Research, 7/1, 80-94. https://doi.org/10.51726/jlr.1370174.
• Pöchhacker, F. (2004). Introducing interpreting studies, Routledge.
• Pöllabauer, S. (2007). “Interpreting in Asylum Hearings: Issues of Saving Face”, The Critical Link 4: Professionalisation of Interpreting in The Community, (Ed. C. Wadensjö and E. Dimitrova), Benjamins Publishing Company, Amsterdam/Philadelphia, 39-52.
• Pöllabauer, S. (2015). “Interpreting in Asylum Proceedings”, The Routledge Handbook of Interpreting, (Ed. H. Mikkelson and R. Jourdenais), Routledge, London/New York, 202–216.
• Ruhi, Ş. (2010). “Face as an Indexical Category in Interaction”, Journal of Pragmatics, 42, 2131–2146. Sacks, H. (1995). Lectures on Conversation (Vol. I-II), (Ed: G. Jefferson), Blackwell, Oxford.
• Sandrelli, A. (2012). “Introducing FOOTIE (Football in Europe): Simultaneous Interpreting in Football Press Conferences”, (Ed. F. C. Sergio and C. Falbo), Breaking Ground in Corpus-Based Interpreting Studies, Peter Lang, Frankfurt am Main, 119-153.
• Sandrelli, A. (2015). “And Maybe You Can Translate Also What I Say: Interpreters in Football Press Conferences”, The Interpreters' Newsletter, 20, 87-105.
• Sandrelli, A. (2018). “Interpreter-Mediated Football Press Conferences: A Study on the Questioning and Answering Strategies”, Making Way in Corpus-based Interpreting Studies. New Frontiers in Translation Studies, (Ed. M. Russo, C. Bendazzoli and B. Defrancq, B), Springer, Singapore.
• Scollon, R. and Scollon, S. W. (1995). Intercultural Communication: A Discourse Approach, Basil Blackwell, Oxford.
• Ting-Toomey, S. (1985). “Toward a Theory of Conflict and Culture”, Communication, Culture, and Organizational Processes, (Ed. W. B. Gudykunst, L. B. Stewart and S. Ting-Toomey), Sage, Beverly Hills, CA, 71-86.
• Ting-Toomey, S. (2015). “Facework/Face Negotiation Theory”. The Sage Encylopedia of Intercultural Competence, (Ed. J. M. Bennett), Sage, California U.S.A.
• Ting-Toomey, S. and Kurogi, A. (1998). “Facework Competence in Intercultural Conflict: An Updated Face-negotiation Theory”, International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 22/2, 187-225.
• Ting-Toomey, S. and Oetzel, J. (2013). “Introduction to Interpersonal Conflict”, The Sage Handbook of Conflict Communication: Integrating Theory, Research and Practice (2nd ed.), (Ed. S. Ting-Toomey and J. Oetzel), Sage, 100-104.
• Ting-Toomey, S. & Dorjee, T. (2019). Communicating Across Cultures, The Guilford Press, New York/London. Widdop, P. & Collins, M. (2016). “Social Network Analysis: Towards an Approach for Football Studies”, Routledge Handbook of Football Studies, (Ed. J. Hughson et. al.), Routledge, 336-48.
• Yılmaz, S. (2012). “Türkçede Sözlü Derlem Oluşturma Çalışmaları Üzerine Değerlendirmeler (Uluslararası Global COE Program Projesi Çerçevesinde)”, Corpus-Based Linguistics and Language Education, (Ed. Y. Kawaguchi), Tokyo, 165-184.