İskoç Milliyetçiliğinin Dünü, Bugünü ve Birleşik Krallığın Geleceği

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 53, 91 - 109, 01.03.2017

İbrahim Saylan

https://doi.org/10.33458/uidergisi.513197

Cited By: 1

Öz

Avrupa’da son yıllarda kayda değer bir siyasal güce dönüşen devlet-altı milliyetçilik Avrupa Birliği üyesi pek çok devlette statükoya meydan okumaktadır. Avrupa bütünleşme süreci ise sadece ev sahibi devlet ile devlet- altı milliyetçilik arasındaki siyasi mücadele sahasını genişletmekle kalmamakta, aynı zamanda ulus-devletin ve milliyetçiliklerin yeni koşullar altında değişen özellikleri, işlevleri ve kalıcılık ihtimalleri üzerine tartışmaları tetiklemektedir. 1990’lardan beri yükselişte olan İskoç milliyetçiliğinin başat aktörü İskoç Ulusal Partisi’nin “Avrupa Birliği içinde bağımsızlık” amacı gütmesi, bir yandan devlet altı milliyetçilikler açısından Avrupa bütünleşme sürecinin kritik önemine işaret ederken, öte yandan bağımsız ulus-devlet kurmanın devlet-altı milliyetçilik açısından sonul hedef olma özelliğini koruduğunu göstermektedir. İskoç milliyetçiliği Birleşik Krallığın geleceği konusunda ciddi belirsizlikler yaratırken, bütünleşme sürecinin ulus-devlet modeli ve milliyetçilikler üzerindeki dönüştürücü etkisinin asal nitelikte olmadığını kanıtlamaktadır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

İskoç Milliyetçiliği, Birleşik Krallık, Avrupa Birliği, Fırsat Yapıları

The Past and Present of Scottish Nationalism and the Future of the United Kingdom

Öz

Having recently become a noticeable political power in Europe, sub-state nationalism challenges status quo in many EU member states. European integration process has not only expanded the arena of political struggle but also triggered debates over changing characteristics, functions and persistence of nation-state and nationalisms under new circumstances. The fact that Scottish National Party as the dominant actor of Scottish nationalism pursues “independence in Europe” confirms both the evident importance of European integration process and the continued significance of independent statehood as the ultimate goal for sub-state nationalisms. Thus, bringing about critical uncertainties about the future of the UK, Scottish nationalism shows that transformative impact of European integration on nation-state model and nationalisms is far from being fundamental. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Scottish Nationalism, United Kingdom, European Union, Opportunity Structures

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