EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF INDUSTRY 4.0 ON ORGANIZATIONAL AGILITY WITH FUCOM: IMPLEMENTATION IN THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY

Yıl 2023, Sayı: 40, 33 - 48, 08.08.2023

Damla Çevik Aka

https://doi.org/10.18092/ulikidince.1215189

Cited By: 2

Öz

The aim of this study is to determine the effect levels on organizational agility abilities as a result of the implementation of Industry 4.0. Organizational agility was examined in terms of four basic criteria: responsiveness, flexibility, quickness and competence in this study. In addition, twelve sub-criteria have been defined in relation to the basic criteria. In order to determine the sub-criteria, the related studies were first examined conceptually and then expert opinions were used. These experts consist of five engineers working in textile companies for the ready-made clothing group. In the study, FUCOM was used to determine the effect levels of the criteria. In the results of study, it is thought that Industry 4.0 has the most impact on quickness, followed competence, flexibility and responsiveness among the organizational agility. When all the criteria are evaluated, the three agility capabilities that the Industry 4.0 process has the most impact on businesses are identified as “short operation time”, “operational efficiency”, “product quality”.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Agility, Organizational Agility, Industry 4.0, MCDM, Çeviklik, Örgütsel Çeviklik, Endüstri 4.0, FUCOM, ÇKKV

ENDÜSTRİ 4.0’IN ÖRGÜTSEL ÇEVİKLİK ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİNİN FUCOM İLE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: TEKSTİL ENDÜSTRİSİNDE UYGULAMA

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, tekstil sektöründeki işletmelerde Endüstri 4.0’ın uygulanmasının çeviklik yeteneklerine olan etki düzeylerini belirlemektir. Çalışmada örgütsel çeviklik; cevap verilebilirlik, esneklik, çabukluk ve yetkinlik olmak üzere dört temel kriter açısından incelenmiştir. Ayrıca temel kriterlerle ilişkili olacak şekilde çalışmada on iki alt kriter tanımlanmıştır. Alt kriterlerin belirlenmesi için ilgili çalışmalar önce kavramsal olarak incelenmiş ardından sektördeki uzman görüşlerinden faydalanılmıştır. Bu uzmanlar hazır giyim grubuna yönelik tekstil firmalarında çalışan beş adet mühendisten oluşmaktadır. Çalışmada hem ana hem de alt kriterlerin etki düzeylerini belirleyebilmek amacıyla FUCOM kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda; Endüstri 4.0’ın işletmelerin örgütsel çeviklik yeteneklerinden en çok çabukluk, ardından yetkinlik, esneklik ve cevap verilebilirlik üzerinde etki ettiği düşünülmektedir. Çalışmadaki tüm alt kriterler değerlendirildiğinde; Endüstri 4.0 sürecinin tekstil sektöründeki işletmeler üzerinde en çok etki ettiği üç çeviklik yeteneği “short operation time”, operational efficiency” ve “product quality” olarak belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çeviklik, Örgütsel Çeviklik, Endüstri 4.0, FUCOM, ÇKKV

Kaynakça

• Adamik, A. (2019). Creating A Competitive Advantage in the Age of Industry 4.0. Management Issues, 17, 2(82), 13 –31.
• Akar, G. S. (2022). Tedarik Zincirlerinde Sürdürülebilir İmalatın Önündeki Engelleyici Faktörlerin Tam Tutarlılık Yöntemiyle (FUCOM) Değerlendirilmesi. Bucak İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2), 298-318.
• Akkaya, B. (2019). Leadership 5.0 in Industry 4.0: Leadership in Perspective of Organizational Agility. In Managing Operations Throughout Global Supply Chains; IGI Global: Hershey, PA, USA, 136–158.
• Albers, A., Gladysz, B., Pinner, T., Butenko, V. and Stürmlinger, T. (2016). Procedure for Defining the System of Objectives in the initial Phase of An Industry 4.0 Project Focusing on Intelligent Quality Control Systems. Procedia CIRP, 52, 262–267.
• Atzori, L., Iera, A. and Morabito, G. (2010). The Internet of Things: A Survey. Computer Networks, 54(15), 2787–2805. doi:10.1016/j.comnet.2010.05.010.
• Ayçin, E. and Aşan, H. (2021). İş Zekası Uygulamaları Seçimindeki Kriterlerin Önem Ağırlıklarının FUCOM Yöntemi ile Belirlenmesi. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 23(2), 195-208.
• Badi, I. and Kridish, M. (2020). Landfill Site Selection Using A Novel FUCOM-CODAS Model: A Case Study in Libya. Scientific African, 9, e00537.
• Biçer, M. (2021). The Advantage of Being an Agile Organization in the Pandemic Crisis. Stratejik Yönetim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(1), 123-141.
• Çevik, D. (2019). KOBİ’lerde Sanayi 4.0’ın Uygulanabilirliği ve Yönetici Bakış Açılarının Değerlendirilmesi. Uluslararası Bilimsel Araştırmalar Dergisi, 2(4), 277-291.
• Çevik Aka, D. (2022). Endüstri 4.0’ın Uygulanmasında Kritik Başarı Faktörlerinin Belirlenmesi ve Aralık Tip-2 Bulanık TOPSIS Yöntemi ile Yatırım Teşviği Alan Firmaların Durum Değerlendirilmesi. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 41.
• Cho, H. E. Jeong, I., Kim, E. and Cho, J. (2022). Achieving Superior Performance in International Markets: The Roles of Organizational Agility and Absorptive Capacity. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, ISSN: 0885-8624.
• Coşansu, D. T. and Okursoy, A. (2022). Financial Performance Analysis of Retail Trade Firms Registered in BIST with FUCOM Based VIKOR Method. Alphanumeric Journal, 10(2), 223-235.
• Dalić, I., Stević, Ž., Erceg, Ž., Macura, P. and Terzić, S. (2020). Selection of a distribution channel using the integrated FUCOM-MARCOS model. International Review, (3-4), 80-96.
• Demir, G. and Bircan, H. (2020). Kriter Ağırlıklandırma Yöntemlerinden Bwm Ve Fucom Yöntemlerinin Karşılaştırılması ve Bir Uygulama. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 21(2), 170-185.
• Demir, G., Damjanović, M., Matović, B. and Vujadinović, R. (2022). Toward Sustainable Urban Mobility By Using Fuzzy-FUCOM and Fuzzy-Cocoso Methods: The Case of the SUMP Podgorica. Sustainability, 14(9), 4972.
• Ecer, F. (2021). Sürdürülebilir Tedarikçi Seçimi: FUCOM Sübjektif Ağırlıklandırma Yöntemi Temelli MAIRCA Yaklaşımı. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 8(1), 26-48.
• Fragapane G., Ivanov D., Peron M., Sgarbossa F. and Strandhagen J.O. (2022). Increasing Flexibility and Productivity in Industry 4.0 Production Networks with Autonomous Mobile Robots and Smart İntralogistics. Annals of Operations Research, 308(1), 125–143.
• Haddud, A. and McAllen, D. (2018). Digital Workplace Management: Exploring Aspects Related to Culture, Innovation, and Leadership. In Proceedings of the 2018 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology, Honolulu, USA, 19–23.
• Holsapple, C. W. and Li, X. (2008). Understanding Organizational Agility: A Work-Design Perspective Understanding. In Proceedings of the 13th ICCRTS, 1–25.
• Horváth D. and Szabó R. Z. (2019). Driving Forces and Barriers of Industry 4.0: Do Multinational and Small and Medium-Sized Companies Have Equal Opportunities? Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 146, 119–132.
• Isik, Ö. (2022). Gri Entropi, FUCOM ve EDAS-M Yöntemleriyle Türk Lojistik Firmalarının Çok Kriterli Performans Analizi. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi, 17(66), 472-489.
• Jain, V., Benyoucef, L. and Deshmukh, S. G. (2008). What’s the Buzz About Moving From “Lean” to “Agile” Integrated Supply Chains? A fuzzy intelligent agent-based approach. International Journal of Production Research, 46(23), 6649-77.
• Khoshlahn, M. and Ardabili, F. S. (2016). The Role of Organizational Agility and Transformational Leadership in Service Recovery Prediction. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 230, 142–149.
• Kritchanchai, D. and McCarthy, B. L. (1999). Responsiveness of the Order Fulfilment Process. Int. J. Oper. Prod. Manag., 19 (8), 812-833.
• Lasi H., Kemper H.G., Fettke P., Feld T. and Hoffmann, M. (2014). Industry 4.0. Business & Information Systems Engineering, 6(4), 239–242.
• Liu, H.M. and Yang, H.F. (2020). Network Resource Meets Organizational Agility: Creating An Idiosyncratic Competitive Advantage For Smes. Management Decision, 58(1), 58-75.
• Lu, Y. and Ramamurthy, K. R. (2011). The Link Between IT Capability & Organizational Agility Introduction. MIS Quarterly, 35(4), 931–954.
• Masood T. and Sonntag P. (2020). Industry 4.0: Adoption Challenges and Benefits for SMEs. Computers in Industry, 121, 1–12.
• Mrugalska, B. and Ahmed, J. (2021). Organizational Agility in Industry 4.0: A Systematic Literature Review. Sustainability, 13, 8272.
• Nafei, W. A. (2016). Organizational agility: The Key to Organizational Success. International Journal of Business and Management, 11(5), 296-309.
• Nijssen, M. and Paauwe, J. (2012). HRM in turbulent times: How to Achieve Organizational Agility? The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 23(16), 3315–3335.
• Pamucar, D., Stević Ž. and Sremac S. (2018). A New Model for Determining Weight Coefficients of Criteria in MCDM Models: Full Consistency Method (FUCOM). Symmetry, 10(9), 393.
• Pamucar, D., Ecer, F. and Deveci, M. (2021). Assessment of Alternative Fuel Vehicles for Sustainable Road Transportation of United States Using İntegrated Fuzzy FUCOM and Neutrosophic Fuzzy MARCOS Methodology. Science of The Total Environment, 788, 147763.
• Pech, M. and Vanecek, D. (2022). Exploration of Differences in Managers’ Perception of the Industry 4.0 Advantages for Manufacturing Enterprises in the Czech Republic. Management and Production Engineering Review, 13(1), 9-18.
• Popović, V., Pamučar, D., Stević, Ž., Lukovac, V. and Jovković, S. (2022). Multicriteria Optimization of Logistics Processes Using A Grey FUCOM-SWOT Model. Symmetry, 14(4), 794.
• Ramadan, M., Amer, T., Salah, B. and Ruzayqat, M. (2022). The Impact of Integration of Industry 4.0 and Internal Organizational Forces on Sustaining Competitive Advantages and Achieving Strategic Objectives. Sustainability, 14(10), 5841.
• Rane, S. B. and Narvel, Y. A. M. (2019). Re-designing the Business Organization Using Disruptive Innovations Based on Blockchain-Iot Integrated Architecture for Improving Agility in Future Industry 4.0. Benchmarking Int. J., 28, 1883–1908.
• Ravichandran, T. (2017). Exploring the Relationships Between IT Competence, Innovation Capacity Aand Organizational Agility. The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 27(1), 22- 42.
• Reed, K. and Blunsdon, B. (1998). Organizational Flexibility in Australia. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 9 (3), 457–477.
• Rigby, D. K., Elk, S. and Berez, S. (2020). Doing Agile Right: Transformation without Chaos (1st edition). Harvard Business Review Press.
• Rojko, A. (2017). Industry 4.0 Concept: Cackground and Overview. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies, 11(5), 77-90.
• Rüßmann, M., Lorenz, M., Gerbert, P., Waldner, M., Justus, J., Engel, P. and Harnisch, M. (2015). Industry 4.0: The Future of Productivity and Growth in Manufacturing Industries. Boston Consulting Group, 9(1), 54-89.
• Sambamurthy, V., Bharadwaj, A. and Grover, V. (2003). Shaping Agility Through Digital Options: Reconceptualizng the Role of Information Tecnology In Contemporary Firms. MISS Quartely, 27(2), 237- 263. Shahaei, B. (2008). Paradigm of Agility: Definitions, Features and Concepts. Tadbir Publications, 19(194), 15-19.
• Sherehiy, B., Karwowski, W. and Layer, J. K. (2007), A Review of Enterprise Agility: Concepts, Frameworks, and Attributes. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 37(5), 445-460.
• Sharifi, H. and Zhang, Z. (1999). A methodology for Achieving Agility in Manufacturing Organizations: An Introduction. International Journal of Production Economics, 62(1-2), 7-22.
• Sofuoğlu, M. A. (2020). Fuzzy applications of FUCOM method in manufacturing environment. Journal of Polytechnic, 23(1), 189-195.
• Stević, Ž. and Brković, N. (2020). A novel integrated FUCOM-MARCOS model for evaluation of human resources in a transport company. Logistics, 4(1), 4.
• Teece, D., Peteraf, M. and Leih, S. (2016). Dynamic Capabilities and Organizational Agility: Risk, Uncertainty, and Strategy in the Innovation Economy. California Management Review, 58(4), 13-35.
• Thames, L. and Schaefer, D. (2016). Softw are Defined Cloud Manufacturing for Industry 4.0. Procedia CIRP, (52), 12-17.
• Tortorella, G.L., Pradhan, N., Macias de Anda, E., Trevino Martinez, S., Sawhney, R. and Kumar, M. (2020). Designing Lean Value Streams in the Fourth İndustrial Revolution Era: Proposition of Technology-İntegrated Guidelines. Int. J. Prod. Res, 58, 5020–5033.
• Udriyah, U., Tham, J. and Azam, S.M. (2019). The Effects of Market Orientation and Innovation on Competitive Advantage and Business Performance of Textile Smes. Manag. Sci. Lett. 9, 1419–1428.
• Ulutas, A. and Karakus, C. B. (2021). Location Selection for a Textile Manufacturing Facility with GIS Based on Hybrid MCDM Approach. Industria textila, 72(2), 126-132.
• Zhang, Z. and Sharifi, H. (2000). A Methodology for Achieving Agility in Manufacturing Organisations. International Journal of Operations and Production Management, 20(4), 496-513.
• Zielinski T. (2019). Innovations in Industry 4.0 as An Element of Management in the Chemical Industry: A preliminary study. Przemysl Chemiczny, 98(11), 1726–1729.
• Žitkienė, R. and Deksnys, M. (2018). Organizational Agility Conceptual Model. Montenegrin Journal of Economics, 14(2), 114-129.