KOBİ’LERİN FİNANSMANINA YÖNELİK PROGRAMLAR: SEÇİLMİŞ ÜLKELER VE TÜRKİYE KARŞILAŞTIRMASI

Yıl 2024, Sayı: 45, 43 - 62, 31.10.2024

Kutay Şenel , Levent Yahya Eser

https://doi.org/10.18092/ulikidince.1454715

Öz

Küçük ve orta ölçekli işletmeler ülkelerin ekonomik gelişiminde önemli bir etkiye sahiptir. Devletlerin kamu hizmetlerini finanse etmek için elde ettiği kaynakların bir kısmı KOBİ'lere destek amacıyla ayrılmaktadır. KOBİ'lere yönelik sağlanan bu destekler ekonomik büyüme ve istihdamın artırılması, yenilikçilik ve rekabetçiliğin teşvik edilmesi gibi hedeflere ulaşmada katkı sağlamaktadır. KOBİ’lerin gelişimlerinin her aşamasında kritik bir öneme sahip olan bu destekler KOBİ’lerin performanslarını iyileştirmelerine olanak sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye ve ele alınan ülkelerde KOBİ’lerin finansmanını karşılaştırarak Türkiye için bir politika çıkarımı yapabilmektir. Bu amaçla hazırlanan çalışmada öncelikle KOBİ kavramına değinilmiş ardından KOBİ’lerin finansmanı hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. KOBİ finansmanında ele alınan ülkelerdeki uygulamalara yer verildikten sonra karşılaştırma yapılmıştır. Çalışmada Türkiye’nin KOBİ’lere yönelik finansal becerilerin geliştirilmesi ile finansal piyasalarda şeffaflığı artırmaya yönelik programlarda yetersiz olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda başarılı ülke örneklerinden faydanalarak programlar geliştirilmesi, uzun vadeli bir KOBİ stratejisi oluşturulması ve bir KOBİ Bakanlığı kurulması önerilerinde bulunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

KOBİ, Finansman, KOBİ Politikaları, KOBİ Destek Programları

PROGRAMS FOR SME’S FINANCE: A COMPARISON OF SELECTED COUNTRIES AND TÜRKİYE

Öz

Small and medium-sized enterprises have a significant impact on the economic development of countries. Some of the resources obtained by governments to finance public services are allocated to support SMEs. This support for SMEs contributes to achieving objectives such as increasing economic growth and employment, promoting innovation and competitiveness. These supports, which have a critical importance at every stage of SMEs' development, enable SMEs to improve their performance. The study aims to compare the financing of SMEs in Türkiye and the countries under consideration and to draw policy implications for Türkiye. In the study prepared for this purpose, firstly, the concept of SMEs is mentioned and then information about the financing of SMEs is given. After giving information about the practices in the countries considered in SME financing, a comparison is made. The study concludes that Türkiye is inadequate in programs to develop financial skills for SMEs and to increase transparency in financial markets. In this direction, it is suggested that programs should be developed by making use of successful country examples, a long-term SME strategy should be developed and a Ministry of SMEs should be established.

Anahtar Kelimeler

SME, Financing, SME Policies, SME Support Programs

Kaynakça

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