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Strength and Fatigue Life Analysis Study of Cardan Shaft A Case Study: 4x2 Commercial Vehicle Cardan Shaft

Year 2021, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 329 - 338, 18.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.29137/umagd.811192

Abstract

In this study, the strength and lifetime analysis of four critical components of a vehicle cardan shaft, which is already produced industrially, were carried out together with the Wöhler diagram and fatigue factors. The behavior of the shaft under dynamic force was calculated numerically, and the theoretical calculations were compared and evaluated with experimental fatigue data and field failure data. As a result of the analyzes, it was observed that the actual field data and experimental data received from the users overlapped with the theoretical life calculations. This reveals the necessity of performing reliability analysis in designs.

References

  • Abu Talib, A. R., Ali, A., Badie, M. A., Azida Che Lah, N., & Golestaneh, A. F. (2010). Developing a hybrid, carbon/glass fiber-reinforced, epoxy composite automotive drive shaft. Materials and Design, 31(1), 514–521. doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2009.06.015
  • Akkurt, M. (2012). Makine Elemanları Teorik Esasları ve Hesap Yöntemleri Cilt 1-4. İstanbul: Seçkin Yayınevi.
  • Badie, M. A., Mahdi, E., & Hamouda, A. M. S. (2011). An investigation into hybrid carbon/glass fiber reinforced epoxy composite automotive drive shaft. Materials and Design, 32(3), 1485–1500. doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2010.08.042
  • Bayrakceken, H., Tasgetiren, S., & Yavuz, I. (2007). Two cases of failure in the power transmission system on vehicles: A universal joint yoke and a drive shaft. Engineering Failure Analysis, 14(4), 716–724. doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2006.03.003
  • Bayraktar, M., & Tahrali, N. (2009). Design of rail vehicle axles related to failure and life. 5th International Advanced Technologies Symposium, (May).
  • Bayraktar, Meral, Guclu, R., & Tahrali, N. (2014). A New Approach for Reliability Life Prediction of Rail Vehicle Axle by Considering Vibration Measurement. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2014, 1–12. doi:10.1155/2014/506403
  • Bayraktar, Meral, Tahrali, N., & Guclu, R. (2010). Reliability and fatigue life evaluation of railway axles. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 24(3), 671–679. doi:10.1007/s12206-009-1219-1
  • Dikmen, F., Bayraktar, M., & Guclu, R. (2012). Railway axle analyses: Fatigue damage and life analysis of rail vehicle axle. Strojniski Vestnik/Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 58(9), 545–552. doi:10.5545/sv-jme.2011.206
  • Elanchezhian, C., Vijaya Ramnath, B., Sripada Raghavendra, K. N., Muralidharan, M., & Rekha, G. (2018). Design and Comparison of the Strength and Efficiency of Drive Shaft made of Steel and Composite Materials. Materials Today: Proceedings, 5(1), 1000–1007. doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2017.11.176
  • Fatemi, A., & Yang, L. (1998). Cumulative fatigue damage and life prediction theories: A survey of the state of the art for homogeneous materials. International Journal of Fatigue, 20(1), 9–34. doi:10.1016/S0142-1123(97)00081-9
  • Göksenli, A., & Eryürek, I. B. (2009). Failure analysis of an elevator drive shaft. Engineering Failure Analysis, 16(4), 1011–1019. doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2008.05.014
  • Guo, H., Mao, K., Liu, Y., & Liang, G. (2019). Experimental study on fatigue performance of Q460 and Q690 steel bolted connections. Thin-Walled Structures, 138(5), 243–251. doi:10.1016/j.tws.2019.02.011
  • Henry, T. C., Bakis, C. E., & Smith, E. C. (2015). Viscoelastic characterization and self-heating behavior of laminated fiber composite driveshafts. Materials and Design, 66(PA), 346–355. doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2014.10.083
  • Hu, Y., Zhang, B., & Tan, A. C. (2020). Acceleration signal with DTCWPT and novel optimize SNR index for diagnosis of misaligned cardan shaft in high-speed train. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 140(111), 106723. doi:10.1016/j.ymssp.2020.106723
  • Hummel, S. R., & Chassapis, C. (2000). Configuration design and optimization of universal joints with manufacturing tolerances. Mechanism and Machine Theory, 35(3), 463–476. doi:10.1016/S0094-114X(98)00092-5
  • Kauzlarich, J. J. (1989). The Palmgren-Miner rule derived. Tribology Series, 14(C), 175–179. doi:10.1016/S0167-8922(08)70192-5
  • Khurmi, R. ., & Gupta, J. K. (2005). A textbook of machine design. New Delhi: Eurasia Publishing House (PVT.) LTD.
  • kishore, M., Keerthi, J., & kumar, V. (2016). Design and Analysis of Drive Shaft of an Automobile. International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology, 38(6), 291–296. doi:10.14445/22315381/ijett-v38p253
  • Köhler, M., Jenne, S., Pötter, K., & Zenner, H. (2017). Load Assumption for Fatigue Design of Structures and Components. Springer. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-55248-9 Lemaitre, J. (1996). A Course on Damage Mechanics. Springer.
  • Marczewska, I., Bednarek, T., Marczewski, A., Sosnowski, W., Jakubczak, H., & Rojek, J. (2006). Practical fatigue analysis of hydraulic cylinders and some design recommendations. International Journal of Fatigue, 28(12), 1739–1751. doi:10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2006.01.003
  • Nadeem, S. K. S., Giridhara, G., & Rangavittal, H. K. (2018). A Review on the design and analysis of composite drive shaft. Materials Today: Proceedings, 5(1), 2738–2741. doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2018.01.058
  • Niemann, G., W., & H., Höhn, B.-R. (1975). Mashinenelemente Band 1. Springer-Verlag.
  • Palma, P., Tiussi, G., Donadon, A., Raffaglio, Y., Luca, A. De, Leitner, M., … Benasciutti, D. (2017). Fatigue Assessment of Universal Cardan Joint Based on Laboratory Specimen Tests, (July), 396–408. doi:10.5151/1983-4764-26870
  • Pantazopoulos, G., Sampani, A., & Tsagaridis, E. (2007). Torsional failure of a knuckle joint of a universal steel coupling system during operation - A case study. Engineering Failure Analysis, 14(1), 73–84. doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2005.12.005
  • SAATÇI, G. E., & TAHRALI, N. (2003a). Birikimli hasar teorileri ve hareket iletim elemanina uygulanmasi. Havacilik ve Uzay Teknolojileri Dergisi, 1(2), 21–30.
  • SAATÇI, G. E., & TAHRALI, N. (2003b). Birikimli Hasar Teorileri ve Yorulma Catlagina Gore Omur Degerlendirmeleri. Havacilik ve Uzay Teknolojileri Dergisi, 1(2), 33–39. Retrieved from http://www.hho.edu.tr/hutendergi/2003Temmuz/07.pdf
  • Santecchia, E., Hamouda, A. M. S., Musharavati, F., Zalnezhad, E., Cabibbo, M., El Mehtedi, M., & Spigarelli, S. (2016). A Review on Fatigue Life Prediction Methods for Metals. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2016, 1–26. doi:10.1155/2016/9573524
  • Sener, A. S. (2016). Driving Shaft Fatigue Life Determination According to Turkish Mission Profiles. International Journal of Engineering Technologies, IJET, 2(1), 14. doi:10.19072/ijet.13966
  • Shigley, J. E. (2011). Shigley’s mechanical engineering design Ninth Edition. McGraw-Hill. Tata McGraw-Hill Education.
  • Sines, G., & Ohgi, G. (2016). Fatigue Criteria Under Combined Stresses or Strains, 103(April 1981).
  • Tahralı, N., Atik, E., & Çivi, C. (2017). Konstrüksiyon Elemanlarında Güvenirlik (Reliability) ve Ömür Hesapları. Ankara: Seçkin Yayınevi.
  • Tanik, Ç. M., Parlaktaş, V., Tanik, E., & Kadioʇlu, S. (2015). Steel compliant Cardan universal joint. Mechanism and Machine Theory, 92, 171–183. doi:10.1016/j.mechmachtheory.2015.05.009
  • Toasa Caiza, P. D., & Ummenhofer, T. (2018). A probabilistic Stüssi function for modelling the S-N curves and its application on specimens made of steel S355J2+N. International Journal of Fatigue, 117(July), 121–134. doi:10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2018.07.041
  • Uçar, M. (1999). Kardan Kapli̇nleri̇nde Hasara Etki̇ Eden Faktörler Ve Alinmasi Gereken Tedbi̇rler. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(2), 1033–1039.
  • Vesali, F., Rezvani, M. A., & Kashfi, M. (2012). Dynamics of universal joints, its failures and some propositions for practically improving its performance and life expectancy. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 26(8), 2439–2449. doi:10.1007/s12206-012-0622-1
  • Zahavi, E., & Torbilo, V. (1996). Fatigue design: life expectancy of machine parts. CRC Press.

Kardan Şaftı Mukavemet ve Yorulma Ömür Analizi Örnek Uygulaması: 4x2 Ticari Araç Kardan Şaftı

Year 2021, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 329 - 338, 18.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.29137/umagd.811192

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, endüstriyel olarak hali hazırda üretimi gerçekleştirilen bir taşıt kardan şaftının seçilen dört farklı kritik elemanının mukavemet ve ömür analizleri Wöhler diyagramı ve yorulma faktörlerinin bir arada hesabıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir Şaftın dinamik kuvvet altındaki davranışı nümerik olarak hesaplanmış, yapılan teorik hesaplamalar deneysel yorulma verileri ve saha hasar verileri ile karşılaştırılıp değerlendirilmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda teorik ömür hesaplamaları ile kullanıcılardan alınan gerçek saha verilerinin ve deneysel verilerin birebir örtüştüğü gözlemlenmiştir. Bu da tasarımlarda güvenirlik analizi gerçekleştirilmesinin gerekliliğini ortaya koymaktadır.

References

  • Abu Talib, A. R., Ali, A., Badie, M. A., Azida Che Lah, N., & Golestaneh, A. F. (2010). Developing a hybrid, carbon/glass fiber-reinforced, epoxy composite automotive drive shaft. Materials and Design, 31(1), 514–521. doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2009.06.015
  • Akkurt, M. (2012). Makine Elemanları Teorik Esasları ve Hesap Yöntemleri Cilt 1-4. İstanbul: Seçkin Yayınevi.
  • Badie, M. A., Mahdi, E., & Hamouda, A. M. S. (2011). An investigation into hybrid carbon/glass fiber reinforced epoxy composite automotive drive shaft. Materials and Design, 32(3), 1485–1500. doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2010.08.042
  • Bayrakceken, H., Tasgetiren, S., & Yavuz, I. (2007). Two cases of failure in the power transmission system on vehicles: A universal joint yoke and a drive shaft. Engineering Failure Analysis, 14(4), 716–724. doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2006.03.003
  • Bayraktar, M., & Tahrali, N. (2009). Design of rail vehicle axles related to failure and life. 5th International Advanced Technologies Symposium, (May).
  • Bayraktar, Meral, Guclu, R., & Tahrali, N. (2014). A New Approach for Reliability Life Prediction of Rail Vehicle Axle by Considering Vibration Measurement. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2014, 1–12. doi:10.1155/2014/506403
  • Bayraktar, Meral, Tahrali, N., & Guclu, R. (2010). Reliability and fatigue life evaluation of railway axles. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 24(3), 671–679. doi:10.1007/s12206-009-1219-1
  • Dikmen, F., Bayraktar, M., & Guclu, R. (2012). Railway axle analyses: Fatigue damage and life analysis of rail vehicle axle. Strojniski Vestnik/Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 58(9), 545–552. doi:10.5545/sv-jme.2011.206
  • Elanchezhian, C., Vijaya Ramnath, B., Sripada Raghavendra, K. N., Muralidharan, M., & Rekha, G. (2018). Design and Comparison of the Strength and Efficiency of Drive Shaft made of Steel and Composite Materials. Materials Today: Proceedings, 5(1), 1000–1007. doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2017.11.176
  • Fatemi, A., & Yang, L. (1998). Cumulative fatigue damage and life prediction theories: A survey of the state of the art for homogeneous materials. International Journal of Fatigue, 20(1), 9–34. doi:10.1016/S0142-1123(97)00081-9
  • Göksenli, A., & Eryürek, I. B. (2009). Failure analysis of an elevator drive shaft. Engineering Failure Analysis, 16(4), 1011–1019. doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2008.05.014
  • Guo, H., Mao, K., Liu, Y., & Liang, G. (2019). Experimental study on fatigue performance of Q460 and Q690 steel bolted connections. Thin-Walled Structures, 138(5), 243–251. doi:10.1016/j.tws.2019.02.011
  • Henry, T. C., Bakis, C. E., & Smith, E. C. (2015). Viscoelastic characterization and self-heating behavior of laminated fiber composite driveshafts. Materials and Design, 66(PA), 346–355. doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2014.10.083
  • Hu, Y., Zhang, B., & Tan, A. C. (2020). Acceleration signal with DTCWPT and novel optimize SNR index for diagnosis of misaligned cardan shaft in high-speed train. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 140(111), 106723. doi:10.1016/j.ymssp.2020.106723
  • Hummel, S. R., & Chassapis, C. (2000). Configuration design and optimization of universal joints with manufacturing tolerances. Mechanism and Machine Theory, 35(3), 463–476. doi:10.1016/S0094-114X(98)00092-5
  • Kauzlarich, J. J. (1989). The Palmgren-Miner rule derived. Tribology Series, 14(C), 175–179. doi:10.1016/S0167-8922(08)70192-5
  • Khurmi, R. ., & Gupta, J. K. (2005). A textbook of machine design. New Delhi: Eurasia Publishing House (PVT.) LTD.
  • kishore, M., Keerthi, J., & kumar, V. (2016). Design and Analysis of Drive Shaft of an Automobile. International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology, 38(6), 291–296. doi:10.14445/22315381/ijett-v38p253
  • Köhler, M., Jenne, S., Pötter, K., & Zenner, H. (2017). Load Assumption for Fatigue Design of Structures and Components. Springer. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-55248-9 Lemaitre, J. (1996). A Course on Damage Mechanics. Springer.
  • Marczewska, I., Bednarek, T., Marczewski, A., Sosnowski, W., Jakubczak, H., & Rojek, J. (2006). Practical fatigue analysis of hydraulic cylinders and some design recommendations. International Journal of Fatigue, 28(12), 1739–1751. doi:10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2006.01.003
  • Nadeem, S. K. S., Giridhara, G., & Rangavittal, H. K. (2018). A Review on the design and analysis of composite drive shaft. Materials Today: Proceedings, 5(1), 2738–2741. doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2018.01.058
  • Niemann, G., W., & H., Höhn, B.-R. (1975). Mashinenelemente Band 1. Springer-Verlag.
  • Palma, P., Tiussi, G., Donadon, A., Raffaglio, Y., Luca, A. De, Leitner, M., … Benasciutti, D. (2017). Fatigue Assessment of Universal Cardan Joint Based on Laboratory Specimen Tests, (July), 396–408. doi:10.5151/1983-4764-26870
  • Pantazopoulos, G., Sampani, A., & Tsagaridis, E. (2007). Torsional failure of a knuckle joint of a universal steel coupling system during operation - A case study. Engineering Failure Analysis, 14(1), 73–84. doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2005.12.005
  • SAATÇI, G. E., & TAHRALI, N. (2003a). Birikimli hasar teorileri ve hareket iletim elemanina uygulanmasi. Havacilik ve Uzay Teknolojileri Dergisi, 1(2), 21–30.
  • SAATÇI, G. E., & TAHRALI, N. (2003b). Birikimli Hasar Teorileri ve Yorulma Catlagina Gore Omur Degerlendirmeleri. Havacilik ve Uzay Teknolojileri Dergisi, 1(2), 33–39. Retrieved from http://www.hho.edu.tr/hutendergi/2003Temmuz/07.pdf
  • Santecchia, E., Hamouda, A. M. S., Musharavati, F., Zalnezhad, E., Cabibbo, M., El Mehtedi, M., & Spigarelli, S. (2016). A Review on Fatigue Life Prediction Methods for Metals. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2016, 1–26. doi:10.1155/2016/9573524
  • Sener, A. S. (2016). Driving Shaft Fatigue Life Determination According to Turkish Mission Profiles. International Journal of Engineering Technologies, IJET, 2(1), 14. doi:10.19072/ijet.13966
  • Shigley, J. E. (2011). Shigley’s mechanical engineering design Ninth Edition. McGraw-Hill. Tata McGraw-Hill Education.
  • Sines, G., & Ohgi, G. (2016). Fatigue Criteria Under Combined Stresses or Strains, 103(April 1981).
  • Tahralı, N., Atik, E., & Çivi, C. (2017). Konstrüksiyon Elemanlarında Güvenirlik (Reliability) ve Ömür Hesapları. Ankara: Seçkin Yayınevi.
  • Tanik, Ç. M., Parlaktaş, V., Tanik, E., & Kadioʇlu, S. (2015). Steel compliant Cardan universal joint. Mechanism and Machine Theory, 92, 171–183. doi:10.1016/j.mechmachtheory.2015.05.009
  • Toasa Caiza, P. D., & Ummenhofer, T. (2018). A probabilistic Stüssi function for modelling the S-N curves and its application on specimens made of steel S355J2+N. International Journal of Fatigue, 117(July), 121–134. doi:10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2018.07.041
  • Uçar, M. (1999). Kardan Kapli̇nleri̇nde Hasara Etki̇ Eden Faktörler Ve Alinmasi Gereken Tedbi̇rler. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(2), 1033–1039.
  • Vesali, F., Rezvani, M. A., & Kashfi, M. (2012). Dynamics of universal joints, its failures and some propositions for practically improving its performance and life expectancy. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 26(8), 2439–2449. doi:10.1007/s12206-012-0622-1
  • Zahavi, E., & Torbilo, V. (1996). Fatigue design: life expectancy of machine parts. CRC Press.
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Mechanical Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Can Çivi 0000-0002-5302-9072

Necati Tahralı 0000-0003-3375-7977

Publication Date June 18, 2021
Submission Date October 15, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 13 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Çivi, C., & Tahralı, N. (2021). Kardan Şaftı Mukavemet ve Yorulma Ömür Analizi Örnek Uygulaması: 4x2 Ticari Araç Kardan Şaftı. International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, 13(2), 329-338. https://doi.org/10.29137/umagd.811192

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