Improving Service Bus Routes for Patient Ergonomics

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 3, 98 - 108, 31.12.2021

Beyza Gunesen , Muzaffer Kapanoğlu

https://doi.org/10.29137/umagd.1014407

Öz

Patient ergonomics requires optimizing system performance and patient comfort concurrently. The patient-oriented design of all services offered in health institutions is crucial in terms of increasing service quality and patient satisfaction. In this research, the problem of optimization of the routes of the shuttle vehicles offered for the patients who are treated in the dialysis centers to the center is emphasized. With the improvement of the routes, it is aimed to reduce the waiting time of the patients and the travel times spent in the service as much as possible. Patient comfort will be increased by the effective rotation of service vehicles. The problem of routing vehicles has been considered as the Multiple Traveling Salesman Problem since the starting and ending points include the activities of the same more than one vehicle, picking all patients up from their locations and delivering them to the center. A solution method has been developed for the problem, which takes into account the minimization of the longest distance and the total distance of the service vehicles. The method consists of two main steps, clustering and routing. In the first step, the locations are clustered with the k-means method, and in the second step, they are routed by the sequential use of Nearest Neighbor Heuristics and 2-opt algorithms. The results obtained were compared with the results of the mathematical model of the problem, and the longest distance traveled by a vehicle, the sum of the distances and the solution time were determined as performance criteria. The proposed method approached the best solution in the first criterion and gave better results in other two criteria.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Patient ergonomics, dialysis center, multi objective optimization, multiple travelling salesman problem

Hasta Ergonomisi Açısından Servis Güzergâhlarının İyileştirilmesi

Öz

Hasta ergonomisi, sistem performansının ve hasta konforunun birlikte optimize edilmesini gerektirir. Sağlık kuruluşlarında sunulan tüm hizmetlerin hasta odaklı tasarımı, hizmet kalitesinin ve hasta memnuniyetinin artırılması bakımından oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmada diyaliz merkezlerinde tedavi gören hastaların merkeze geliş gidişleri için sunulan servis araçlarına ait rotaların optimizasyonu problemi üzerinde durulmuştur. Rotaların iyileştirilmesi ile hastaların servis içerisinde geçirilen yolculuk sürelerinin mümkün olduğunca azaltılması ve dengelenmesi hedeflenmektedir. Servis araçlarının rotasyonunun etkin biçimde gerçekleştirilmesi ile hasta konforu arttırılacaktır. Servis araçlarının rotalanması problemi, başlangıç ve bitiş noktaları aynı birden fazla servis aracının tüm hastaları konumlarından alıp merkeze getirilmesi faaliyetlerini içerdiğinden Çoklu Gezgin Satıcı Problemi olarak ele alınmıştır. Problem kapsamında, servis araçlarına ait en uzun mesafenin ve toplam mesafenin en küçüklenmesini gözeten bir çözüm yöntemi geliştirilmiştir. Yöntem kümeleme ve rotalama olmak üzere iki ana adımdan meydana gelmektedir. Birinci adımda konumlar k – ortalamalar yöntemi ile kümelenmekte ikinci adımda ise En Yakın Komşu Sezgiseli ve 2 – opt algoritmalarının ardışık kullanımı ile rotalanmaktadır. Varılan sonuçlar probleme ait matematiksel model sonuçları ile karşılaştırılmış, bir servis aracının kat ettiği en uzun mesafe, tüm araçların katettiği mesafeler toplamı ve çözüm süresi performans kriterleri olarak belirlenmiştir. Yöntem ilk en iyi çözüme yaklaşmış diğer kriterlerde ise daha iyi sonuçlar vermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hasta ergonomisi, diyaliz merkezi, çok – amaçlı optimizasyon, çoklu gezgin satıcı problemi

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