The Investigation of Correlation Between Somatotype Structures and Performance Characteristics of 11-13 Ages Boy Taekwondo Athletes

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 1 - 13, 30.06.2019

Cengiz Ölmez , Vedat Ayan , Selami Yüksek , Mehmet Öztaş Tamer Civil

https://doi.org/10.30769/usbd.534672

Cited By: 3

Öz

This study was conducted to examine the
anthropometric, somatotype and motoric performance characteristics of 11-13
ages athletes who take interest in taekwondo in Akçaabat village of Trabzon.
For this purpose, 19 boys (age 12.16±0.69 years, height 151.71±7.03 cm, body
weight 46.19±10.54 kg) athletes participated in this study voluntarily.
Heath-Carter method was used to determine the somatotype characteristics
performance of the athletes, and 20-meter speed test, Flamingo balance test,
vertical jump test, standing long jump test, sit and reach test, 30 second
sit-up test, 30 second push-up test, Illinois agility test and Multistage
Shuttle Run aerobic power test were used to determine the motoric performance
of the athletes. Lewis nomogram was also used to determine anaerobic power of
the athletes. SPSS 25.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis
of the data obtained in the study and the threshold for significance level was
p<0.05. Spearman correlation coefficient was used to determine the
correlations between motoric performance levels and somatotype structures of
the athletes. The findings of the research demonstrate that the athletes have
an endomorphic- mesomorph (4-5-3) structure and there were statistically significant
relationships between somatotype structures and motoric performance levels of
the athletes (p<0.05). As a result, body composition and somatotype
structures of the athletes affect sportive performance of them. We are of
opinion that the findings obtained through this study will contribute to the
available literature in the field of talent selection and direction on sport
and sports people

Anahtar Kelimeler

Taekwondo, Performance, Somatotype

11-13 Yaş Erkek Taekwondo Sporcularının Somatotip Yapıları ve Performans Özellikleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi

Öz

Bu araştırma, Trabzon
ili Akçaabat ilçesinde taekwondo sporu ile ilgilenen 11-13 yaş grubu
sporcuların antropometrik, somatotip ve motorik performans özelliklerinin
incelenmesi amacıyla yapıldı. Bu amaçla, 19 erkek (yaş 12,16±0,69 yıl, boy
151,71±7,03 cm, vücut ağırlığı 46,19±10,54 kg) sporcunun araştırmaya gönüllü
katılımı sağlandı. Sporcuların somatotip yapılarının tespit edilmesi amacıyla
Heath-Carter yöntemi; motorik performansların tespit edilmesi amacıyla 20 metre
sürat testi, Flamingo denge testi, dikey sıçrama testi, durarak uzun atlama
testi, otur eriş esneklik testi, 30 saniye mekik testi, 30 saniye şınav testi,
Illinois çeviklik testi ve Multistage Shuttle Run aerobik güç testi kullanıldı.
Sporcuların anaerobik güçleri ise, Lewis nomogramı ile tespit edildi.
Araştırmadan elde edilen verilerin istatistiksel analizi için SPSS 25.0 istatistik
programı kullanıldı ve anlamlılık düzeyi olarak p<0,05 değeri alındı.
Sporcuların motorik performans seviyeleri ile somatotip yapıları arasındaki
ilişkilerin tespit edilebilmesi için Spearman korelasyon katsayısı kullanıldı.
Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular; sporcuların endomorfik- mezomorf (4-5-3) bir
yapıda olduğunu ve somatotip yapıları ile motorik performans seviyeleri arasında
anlamlı ilişkiler olduğunu gösterdi (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak, sporcuların
vücut kompozisyonu ve somatotip yapıları, onların sportif performanslarını
etkileyebilmektedir. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçların sporda yetenek seçimi
ve yönlendirme alanındaki mevcut literatüre ve ilgili spor insanlarına katkıda
bulunacağı kanaatindeyiz. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Taekwondo, Performans, Somatotip

Kaynakça

• Arabacı, R., Çankaya, C., Çatıkkaş, F., & Şahin, S. (2011). Assessment body composition and leg reaction time of elite taekwondo athletes. Sport Sciences, 6(2), 139-147.
• Aragón, L. (2000). Evaluation of four vertical jump tests: methodology, reliability, validity, and accuracy. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 4(4), 215-28.
• Ayan, V., Kaya, M., & Erol, E. (2011). Erkek çocuklarının futbol branşı için somatotip ve performans özelliklerinin incelenmesi. Journal of Physical Education Sports Science, 5(3), 266-273.
• Bayios, I. A., Bergeles, N. K., Apostolidis, N. G., Noutsos, K. S., & Koskolou, M. D. (2006). Anthropometric, body composition and somatotype differences of Greek elite female basketball, volleyball and handball players. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 46(2), 271-280.
• Bridge, C., Ferreira, J., Chaabène, H., Pieter, W., & Franchini, E. (2014). Physical and physiological profiles of taekwondo athletes. Sports Medicine, 44(6), 713-733.
• Burdukiewicz, A., Pietraszewska, J., Stachoń, A., & Andrzejewska, J. (2018). Anthropometric profile of combata athletes via multivariate analysis. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 58(11), 1657-1665.
• Chan, K., Pieter, W., & Moloney, K. (2003). Kinathropometric profile of recreational taekwondo athletes. Biology of Sport, 20(3), 175-179.
• Čular, D., Milić, M., Bilić-Pavlinović, A., Katić, R., Kuvačić, G., & Vrdoljak, J. (2013). Somatotype of young taekwondo competitors. Research in Physical Education Sport and Health, 2(2), 27-33.
• Dardouri, W., Gharbi, Z., Selmi, M., Sassi, R., Moalla, W., Chamari, K., & al., e. (2014). Reliability and validity of a new maximal anaerobic shuttle running test. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 35(4), 310-315.
• Fox, E. L., & Mathews, D. K. (1974). Interval Training: Conditioning for Sports and General Fitness. Philadelphia: Saunders.
• Fritzsche, J., & Raschka, C. (2008). Body composition and the somatotype of German top taekwondo practitioners. Papers on Anthropology, 17(1), 58-71.
• Ghorbanzadeh, B., Müniroğlu, S., Akalan, C., Khodadadi, M., Kirazcı, S., & Şahin, M. (2011). Determination of taekwondo national team selection criterions by measuring physical and physiological parameters. Annals of Biological Research, 2(6), 184-197.
• Göksu, Ö., Yüksek, S., & Ölmez, C. (2018). The investigation of the motor skills of" u" categories soccer players who have recreative involvement in other sports. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 6(2), 10-17.
• James, R., Allen, W., James, G., & Dale, P. (2005). Measurement and Evaluation in Human Performance. USA: Human Kinetics.
• Katić, R., Blažević, S., Krstulović, S., & Mulić, R. (2005). Morphological structures of elite karateka and their impact on technical and fighting efficiency. Collegium Antropologicum, 29(1), 79-84.
• Kaynar, Ö. (2018). Investigation of talent selection methods in different sports branches. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 6(12a), 44-48.
• Kazemi, M., Waalen, J., Morgan, C., & White, A. (2006). A profile of olympic taekwondo competitors. Journal of Sports Science Medicine, 5(CSSI1), 114-121.
• Kent, M., & Kent, D. M. (2006). The Oxford dictionary of sports science and medicine (Vol. 56). New York: Oxford University Press.
• Kim, Y. H., & Khil, J. H. (2010). Effects of 12 week's taekwondo combined exercise program on body composition and physical fitness in middle aged obese women. The Official Journal of the Korean Academy of Kinesiology, 12(2), 67-77.
• Leger, L., & Lambert, J. (1982). A maximal multistage 20 m shuttle run test to predict Vo2max. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 49(1), 1-12.
• León, H., Viramontes, J., & Veitía, W. (2009). Anthropological estimation of the body shape of cuban elite combat athletes from olympic sports. Antropo, 19(3), 23-32.
• Marangoz, I. (2018). The determination of the relationship between somatotypes and speed of sub-elite athletes. Asian Journal of Education and Training, 4(3), 220-223.
• Marković, G., Mišigoj-Duraković, M., & Trninić, S. (2005). Fitness profile of elite Croatian female taekwondo athletes. Collegium Antropologicum, 29(1), 93-99.
• Marinho, B., Follmer, B., Esteves, J., & Andreato, L. (2016). Body composition, somatotype and physical fitness of mixed martial arts athletes. Sport Sciences for Health, 12(2), 157-165.
• Marta, C., Marinho, D., Barbosa, T., Carneiro, A., Izquierdo, M., & Marques, M. (2013). Effects of body fat and dominant somatotype on explosive strength and aerobic capacity trainability in prepubescent children. The Journal of Strength Conditioning Research, 27(12), 3233-3244.
• Massidda, M., Toselli, S., Brasili, P., & M Calo, C. (2013). Somatotype of elite Italian gymnasts. Collegium Antropologicum, 37(3), 853-857.
• Maulder, P., & Cronin, J. (2005). Horizontal and vertical jump assessment: reliability, symmetry, discriminative and predictive ability. Physical Therapy in Sport, 6(2), 74-82.
• Noh, J., Kim, J., & Kim, J. (2013). Somatotype analysis of elite taekwondo athletes compared to non-athletes for sports health sciences. Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences, 5(4), 189-196.
• Norton, K., & Olds, T. (2004). Anthropometrica, a text book of body measurement for sports and health courses. Australia: Unsw Press.
• Ölmez, C., Yüksek, S., Üçüncü, M., & Ayan, V. (2017). 8-12 yaş çocuklarda bazı antropometrik özellikler ile 50 metre serbest stil yüzme performansı arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Türkiye Klinikleri Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 9(3), 95-100.
• Özen, A., & Nur, F. (2017). 17-21 yaş arası İBBSK bünyesinde bulunan elit ve elit olmayan taekwondocuların vücut yağ oranlarının karşılaştırılması (Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü).
• Pieter, W. (1991). Performance characteristics of elite taekwondo athletes. Korean Journal of Sport Science, 3(1), 94-117.
• Pieter, W. (2008). Body build of elite taekwondo athletes. Acta Kinesiologiae Universitatis Tartuensis, 13(8), 99-106.
• Ramsbottom, R., Brewer, J., & Williams, C. (1988). Progressive shuttle run test to estimate maximal oxygen uptake. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 22(4), 141-44.
• Reilly, T., & Williams, M. (2003). Science and soccer. New York: Routledge.
• Revan, S., Arıkan, Ş., Şahin, M., & Balcı, Ş. (2017). Comparison of the body composition and somatotype of Turkish and foreign country national team taekwondo athletes. European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science, 3(12), 287-295.
• Seo, W., Jung, C., Song, K., & Kim, B. (2015). Effect of 8 weeks of pre-season training on body composition, physical fitness, anaerobic capacity, and isokinetic muscle strength in male and female collegiate taekwondo athletes. Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation, 11(2), 101-107.
• Sterkowicz-Przybycień, K., Sterkowicz, S., & Żarów, R. (2011). Somatotype, body composition and proportionality in polish top greco-roman wrestlers. Journal of Human Kinetics, 28, 141-154.
• Taaffe, D., & Pieter, W. (1990). Physical and physiological characteristics of elite taekwondo athletes. D. Taaffe, & W. Pieter içinde, Common wealth and international proceedings (s. 80-88). New Zealand: Auckland.
• Tamer, K. (2000). Sporda fiziksel performansın ölçülmesi ve değerlendirilmesi. Ankara: Bağırgan Yayınevi.
• Tel, M. (2008). Bir spor dalı olarak taekwondo. Sport Sciences, 3(4), 194-202.
• Tsigilis, N., Douda, H., & Tokmakidis, S. (2002). Test-retest reliability of the eurofit test battery administered to university students. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 95(3), 1295-300.
• Wood, R. (2017). Speed or sprint testing. Topend Sports: http://www.topendsports.com/testing/tests/sprint.htm adresinden alındı.
• Wood, R. (2018). Flamingo Balance Test. Topend Sports: http://www.topendsports.com/testing/tests/balance-flamingo.htm adresinden alındı.
• Wood, R. (2018). Push-Up Test / Press Up Test. Topend Sports: https://www.topendsports.com/testing/tests/push-up.htm adresinden alındı.
• Wood, R. (2018). V-Sit Reach Flexibility Test. Topend Sports: http://www.topendsports.com/testing/tests/v-sit.htm adresinden alındı.
• World Medical Association. (2019). Declaration of Helsinki-Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects. World Medical Association: https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-declaration-of-helsinki-ethical-principles-for- adresinden alındı.
• Yüksek, S., Akpınar, E., Ayan, V., & Ölmez, C. (2017). 14-16 yaş yüzücülerde antropometrik özellikler ile 50 metre sırtüstü stil yüzme performansları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. İstanbul Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi., 7(2), 13-26.