Van İlinden Seçilmiş Bazı Tıbbi Bitkilerin Antioksidan Kapasite, Ağır Metal, Mineral ve Protein İçeriklerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2022, , 224 - 232, 30.11.2022

Gül Görmez

https://doi.org/10.52976/vansaglik.1189439

Öz

vulgaris Lam., ve Pyracantha coccinea M.Roem., Rosaceae familyasına ait, gıda, parfüm, kozmetik, boya, içecek gibi çok çeşitli sanayi kollarında kullanılan, ekonomik ve tıbbi kullanım açısından önemli meyvelerdir. Tıbbi bitkiler hastalıklara karşı doğal bileşenleri ile etki gösterseler de toksik ve istenmeyen yan etkilere neden olabilirler. Bitkilerin tedavi, gıda veya kozmetik amaçlı kullanılmadan önce ağır metal, mineral, protein ve antioksidan kapasiteleri açısından incelenmesi insan sağlığı ve gıda güvenliği açısından önemlidir. Van-Türkiye'de kültürü yapılan bazı tıbbi bitkilerin ağır metal (Al, Cr, Cu, Co, Zn), mineral (Fe, Mg, Na, Ca, K), protein ve antioksidan kapasiteleri belirlenerek, gıda ve tıbbi kullanım açısından güvenliklerini değerlendirildi.
Materyal ve Metot: Liyofilize edilen bitkiler yaş yakma (mikrodalga) cihazıyla çözünürleştirildikten sonra ICPOES cihazında Al, Cr, Cu, Co, Zn, AAS cihazında Fe, Mg, Na, Ca, K elementleri analiz edildi. Protein ana-lizleri Gerthardt Dumatherm yöntemiyle yapıldı. Antioksidan kapasite analizi için Cuprac yöntemi kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Tespit edilen değerler (mg kg−1) şu şekildedir: Al 10.753-20.407, Co 0.007-9.664, Cr 0.119-0.411, Cu 2.409-6.554, Zn 23.426-33.891, Ca 743.0-2501.7, Fe 31.7-117.6, K 3555.2-4202.9, Mg 498.7-1982.9, Na 839.8-1616.0 ve Protein (%) 1.45-5.53 aralığında gözlendi. Bitkilerin Cuprac değerleri 1.13-3.62 arasında değişirken, standart olarak kullanılan sentetik antioksidanlar α-tokoferol ve BHT için Cuprac değeri sırasıyla 2.14 ve 3.21 µmol TE g−1DW olarak tespit edildi. Özellikle Rosa canina ekstraktının, α-tokoferol ve BHT ile karşılaştırılabilir düzeyde yüksek aktivite (3.65) gösterdiği tespit edildi.
Sonuç: Yüzyıllar boyunca insanoğlu hastalıkların tedavisinde bitkilerden yararlanmıştır. Sentetik ilaçların ciddi yan etkileri nedeniyle günümüzde de birçok hastalığın tedavisi tıbbi bitkilerle yapılmaktadır. Ancak tıbbi bitkilerin özellikle ağır metal miktarları açısından incelenerek bilinçli tüketilmesi uzun vadede ciddi sağlık so-runlarının önüne geçecektir. Çalışma, Van halkı tarafından kültürü yapılan, tedavi amaçlı kullanılan ve meyve olarak tüketilen Rosaceae familyasına ait bazı bitkilerin ağır metal miktarlarının insan tüketimi ve tıbbi kullanım için güvenli olduğu, mikro besin, protein ve sağlıklı beslenme ve tedavi edici kullanımlar için antioksidan ka-pasitelerinin istenilen düzeyde olduğu tespit edildi.
Materials and Methods: After the lyophilized plants were solubilized with a wet burning device, Al, Cr, Cu, Co, Zn, Fe, Mg, Na, Ca, K elements were analyzed in the ICPOES device. Protein analyzes were performed by the Gerthardt Dumatherm method. Cuprac method was used for antioxidant capacity analysis.
Results: The measured values were ranged between (in mg kg−1) Al 10.74-20.38, Co 0.008-9.67, Cr 0.12-0.41, Cu 2.41-6.54, Zn 23.42-33.90, Ca 743-2501, Fe 31.7-117.6, K 3555-4202, Mg 498-1982, Na 839-1616 and Protein (%) 1.45-5.53. In the CUPRAC method evaluating total antioxidant capacity were in the range of mg/ml for all extracts, and 3.21 and 2.14 µmol TE g−1 DW for synthetic antioxidants BHT and α-tocopherol, respectively. In particular, it was observed that Pyracantha coccinea extracts showed high activity comparable to the standard antioxidants BHT and α-tocopherol.
Conclusion: Detected heavy metal amounts are within acceptable limits determined by WHO (World Health Organization). The study showed that the heavy metal amounts of some plants belonging to the Rosaceae family, which are cultured, used for therapeutic purposes and consumed as fruit by the people of Van, are safe for human consumption and medical uses, and their micronutrient, protein and antioxidant capacities are at the desired level for healthy nutrition and therapeutic uses.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Medicinal plants, Rosaceae, heavy metal, mineral, protein, antioxidant capacity, Van

Assessment of Antioxidant Capacity, Heavy Metal, Mineral and Protein Contents of Some Medicinal Plants Selected in Van

Öz

Objective: Rosa canina L., Malus domestica L., Prunus persica L Siebold & Zucc., Cydonia oblonga Mill., Armenica vulgaris Lam., and Pyracantha coccinea M.Roem. are important fruits of the Rosaceae family, used in a wide variety of industries such as food, perfume, cosmetics, paint, beverage, and for economic and medical purposes. Although medicinal plants act with their natural components against diseases, they can cause toxic and unde-sirable side effects. It is important in terms of human health and food safety to examine plants for their heavy metal, mineral, protein and antioxidant capacities before they are used for treatment, food or cosmetic purposes. The heavy metals (Al, Cr, Cu, Co, Zn), minerals (Fe, Mg, Na, Ca, K), protein and antioxidant capacities of some medicinal plants grown in Van-Turkey were determined and their safety in terms of food and in medical uses were evaluated.
Material and Method: After the lyophilized plants were solubilized with a wet burning (microwave) device, Al, Cr, Cu, Co, Zn, Fe, Mg, Na, Ca, K elements were analyzed in the ICPOES device. Protein analyzes were per-formed by the Gerthardt Dumatherm method. Cuprac method was used for antioxidant capacity analysis.
Results: The measured values were ranged between (in mg kg−1) Al 10.753-20.407, Co 0.007-9.664, Cr 0.119-0.411, Cu 2.409-6.554, Zn 23.426-33.891, Ca 743.0-2501.7, Fe 31.7-117.6, K 3555.2-4202.9, Mg 498.7-1982.9, Na 839.8-1616.0 and Protein (%) 1.45-5.53. Detected heavy metal amounts are in general within acceptable limits determined by WHO (World Health Organization). While the Cuprac values of the plants ranged between 1.13 and 3.62, the Cuprac values for the standard synthetic antioxidants α-tocopherol and BHT were determined as 2.14 and 3.21 µmol TE g−1DW, respectively. In particular, it was determined that Rosa canina extracts showed high activity (3.62 µmol TE g−1DW) comparable to α-tocopherol and BHT.
Conclusion: : For centuries, human beings have benefited from plants in the treatment of diseases. Due to the severe side effects of synthetic drugs, people in the modern world also turn to medicinal plants for the treatment of many diseases. However, conscious consumption of medicinal plants by examining them especially in terms of heavy metal amounts will prevent serious health problems in the long run. The study showed that the heavy metal amounts of some plants belonging to the Rosaceae family, which are cultured, used for therapeutic pur-poses and consumed as fruit by the people of Van, are safe for human consumption and medical uses, and their micronutrient, protein and antioxidant capacities are at the desired level for healthy nutrition and therapeutic uses.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Medicinal plants,, Rosaceae ,, heavy metal,, mineral, protein,, antioxidant capacity

Kaynakça

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