Effect of Body Condition Score on Estrus-Ovulation Synchronization and Pregnancy in Cows and Heifers

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 1, 18 - 21, 25.03.2021

Volkan Koşal , Fetih Gülyüz , Barış Atalay Uslu

https://doi.org/10.36483/vanvetj.841059

Cited By: 1

Öz

The most important factors affecting the success of artificial insemination are the balanced nutrition of the animals and the determination of estrus. Malnutrition causes a decrease in the Body Condition Score (BCS). Low BCS affects the deterioration of the metabolism of cows which has a primary influence on estrus and offspring productivity. In this study, estrus and ovulation synchronization was performed by forming three study groups from cows and heifers with a maximum BCS average of 2.95. Cows that were 3 - 6 years old were included in Group I (n = 12) (BCS: 2.95 ± 0.62), heifers between 18-22 months of age and showing at least 1 estrus were included in Group II (n = 13) (BCS: 2.03 ± 0.37) and heifers between 18-22 months of age were included in Group III (n = 45) (BCS: 1.57 ± 0.38). Progesterone Implants remained in the vagina for 10 days in all groups. One day before removal of implants, 2000 IU PMSG and 5 ml PGF2α was injected to all groups. All animals were injected with 1500 IU hCG 24 hours after the implants were removed. After removal of implants, all animals were inseminated at 48 and 72 hours regardless of estrus symptoms. According to the groups, pregnancy rates of 58.33%, 38.46% and 13.33% were obtained, respectively. When the results were compared, it was found that the BCS rate and pregnancy rates were parallel (P<0.01). In line with these results, the importance of feeding and giving birth before has been revealed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

fertility, synchronization, Body Condition Score, cattle

İnek ve Düvelerde Vücut Kondisyon Skorunun Östrus-Ovulasyon Senkronizasyonu ve Gebelik Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Suni tohumlamanın başarısını etkileyen en önemli faktörler, hayvanların dengeli beslenmesi ve kızgınlığın belirlenmesidir. Kötü beslenme, Vücut Kondisyon Skorunda (VKS) bir azalmaya neden olur. Düşük VKS, sığırlarda hormon metabolizmasının bozulmasına, kızgınlık tespitinin zorlaşmasına ve döl veriminde azalmaya sebep olur. Bu çalışmada maksimum VKS ortalaması 2.95 olan inek ve düvelerden üç çalışma grubu oluşturularak östrus ve ovulasyon senkronizasyonu gerçekleştirilmiştir. Uygulama grupları; Grup I (n = 12) (VKS: 2.95 ± 0.62), Grup II (n = 13) (VKS: 2.03 ± 0.37) 18 - 22 aylık düvelerde en az 1 doğum yapan 3 - 6 yaş arası inekler, Grup III'de (n = 45) (VKS: 1.57 ± 0.38) en az 1 kızgınlık gösteren 18 - 22 aylık düveler kullanıldı. Tüm gruplarda progesteron implantları vajinada 10 gün kaldı. İmplantlar çıkartılmadan bir gün önce tüm hayvanlara 2000 IU PMSG ve 5 ml PGF2α enjekte edildi. İmplantlar 24 saat sonra çıkarıldı ve 1500 IU hCG enjekte edildi. İmplantlar çıkarıldıktan sonra 48. ve 72. saatlerde östrus semptomlarına bakılmaksızın tüm hayvanlar tohumlandı. Gruplara göre sırasıyla 58.33%, 38.46% ve 13.33% gebelik oranları elde edildi. Sonuçlar karşılaştırıldığında VKS oranı ile gebelik oranlarının paralel olduğu görüldü (P<0.01). Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda beslenmenin ve daha önce doğum yapmanın önemi ortaya konmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

senkronizasyon, Vücut kondisyon skoru, Fertilite, Sığır

Kaynakça

• Ayres H, Ferreira RM, Torres-Júnior JRS, Demétrio CGB, Sá Filho MF, Gimenes LU, Penteado L, D’Occhio MJ, Baruselli PS (2014). Inferences of body energy reserves on conception rate of suckled Zebu beef cows subjected to timed artificial insemination followed by natural mating. Theriogenology, 82, 529-536.
• Bastos G, Brenner RH, Willke FW, Neves JP, Oliveira JFC, Braganca JFM, Machado SA, Porciuncula PM, Gonçalves PBD (2004). Hormonal induction of ovulation and artificial insemination in suckled beef cows under nutritional stress. Theriogenology, 62, 847-853.
• Bo GA, Adams GP, Caccia M (1995). Ovarian follicular wave emergence after treatment with progestogen and estradiol in cattle. Anim Reprod Sci, 39, 193-204.
• Borakhatariya DN, Panchal MT, Dhami AJ, Hadiya KK, Kalasariya RM (2017). Efficacy of estrus synchronization protocols during summer and winter seasons together with biochemical and minerals profile in anoestrus crossbred cows. IJVSBT, 13, 9-16.
• Butler WR (2003). Energy balance relationships with follicular development, ovulation and fertility in postpartum dairy cows. Livest Prod Sci, 83, 211–218.
• Butler WR (2005). Inhibition of ovulation in the postpartum cow and the lactating sow. Livest Prod Sci, 98, 5-12.
• Dhami AJ, Hadiya KK, Patel JA, Chaudhari DV (2019). Impact of ovulation synchronization protocols in addressing infertility of crossbred dairy cattle. Haryana Vet, 58, 56-61.
• Edmonson AJ, Lean IJ, Weaver LD, Farver T, Webster G (1989). A body condition scoring chart for Holstein dairy cows. J Dairy Sci, 72, 68-78.
• Ergün A, Tuncer ŞD, Çolpan L, Yalçın S, Yıldız G, Küçükersan MK, Küçükersan S, Şehu A. (2014). Hayvan Besleme ve Beslenme Hastalıkları. Pozitif Matbaa, Ankara.
• Ferreira RM, Rodrigues CA, Ayres H, Mancilha RF, Franceschini PH, Esper CR, Barusell PS (2006). Effect of synchronizing ovulation in cattle administered a norgestomet ear implant in association with eCG and estradiol treatments on pregnancy rate after fixed-time embryo transfer. Anim Reprod, 3, 370-375.
• Freret S, Charbonnier G, Congnard V, Jeanguyot N, Dubois P, Levert J (2005). Relationship between oestrus expression and detection, resumption of cyclicity and body condition losses in postpartum dairy cows. 3R Congress, 12, 149-152.
• Froment P (2007). Note d’état corporel et reproduction chez la vache laitière [thesis]. École nationale veterinaire d’Alfort: La Faculte De Medecine De Creteil.
• Funston R (2010). Nutrition and reproduction interactions. Proceedings, Applied Reproductive Strategies in Beef Cattle, January 28-29, San Antonio, TX .
• Garnsworthy PC, Lock A, Mann GE, Sinclair KD, Webb R (2008). Nutrition, metabolism, and fertility in dairy cows: 1. Dietary energy source and ovarian function, American Dairy Science Association. J Dairy Sci, 91, 3814–23.
• Garnsworthy PC, Sinclair KD, Webb R (2008). Integration of physiological mechanisms that influence fertility in dairy cows. Animal, 2, 1144–52.
• Hess BW, Lake SL, Schollejegerdes EJ, Weston TR, Nayigihugu V, Molle JDC (2005). Nutritional controls of beef cow reproduction. J Anim Sci, 83, 90-106.
• Kasimanickam R, Asay M, Firth P, Whittier WD, Hall JB (2012). Artificial insemination at 56 h after intravaginal progesterone device removal improved AI pregnancy rate in beef heifers synchronized with five-day CO-Synch controlled internal drug release (CIDR) protocol. Theriogenology, 77, 1624–1631.
• López-Gatius F, Yániz J, Madriles Helm D (2003). Effects of body condition score and score change on the reproductive performance of dairy cows: A meta-analysis. Theriogenology, 59, 801-812.
• Lotthammer KH (1991). Influence of nutrition on reproductive performance of the milking/gestating cow in the tropics. FDCT,36–47.
• Luiz FMP, Natália AC, Paulo MAN, Jamyle PC, Luiz GBS (2017). Development and validation of an objective method for the assessment of body condition scores and selection of beef cows for timed artificial insemination. Live Sci, 197, 82-87.
• Singh M, Sharma A, Kapse S, Kashyap A, Kumar P (2019). Efficacy of different estrus synchronization protocols in repeat breeder cows. IJAN, 89, 958–960.
• Vale WG, Melo PCH, Walter E, Ribeiro HFL, Rolim-Filho ST, Reis AN, Sousa JS, Silva AOA (2011). Fixed timed artificial insemination (FTAI) through the progesterone (CIDR) of 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th uses in bovine. I. Conception rate related to reproductive category, related to body condition scoring (BCS), related to calf withdrawal and use of eCG. LRRD, 23, 205.
• Varışlı Ö, Tekin N (2011). Holştayn ırkı ineklerde vücut kondisyon skorunun fertilite ve bazı reprodüktif parametrelere etkisi. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg, 58, 111-115.
• Vasconcelos JLM, Silcox RW, Rosa GJM, Pursley JR, Wiltbank MC (1999). Synchronization rate, size of the ovulatory follicle, and pregnancy rate after synchronization of ovulation beginning on different days of the estrous cycle in lactating dairy cows. Theriogenology, 52, 1067–78.
• Webb R, Garnsworthy PC, Gong JG, Armstrong DG (2004). Control of follicular growth: Local interactions and nutritional influences. J Anim Sci, 82, 63–74.
• Wildman EE, Jones GM, Wagner PE, Bowman RL (1982). A dairy cow body condition scoring system and its relationship to selected production characteristics. J Dairy Sci, 65, 495-501.
• Williams SW, Stanko RL, Amstalden M, Williams GL (2002). Comparison of three approaches for synchronization of ovulation for timed artificial insemination in Bos indicus-influenced cattle managed on the Texas gulf coast. J Anim Sci, 80, 1173–1178.