Farklı Remineralize Edici Maddeler İçeren Ağartma Ajanlarının Sığır Diş Mine Yüzey Özellikleri Üzerine Etkilerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 9 - 21, 07.08.2023

Hasan Hashash Hülya Erten Can , Meryem Polat Gönüllü , Ahmet Güral , Hanife Altınışık

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı farklı remineralize
edici maddeler içeren ağartma ajanlarının sığır
dişi minesinin mineral içeriği üzerine
etkilerinin SEM-EDX yöntemi ile
değerlendirilmesidir. Bu çalışma 32 adet sığır
dişinden elde edilen mine örnekleri üzerinde
gerçekleştirildi. Örnekler rastgele 4 gruba
ayrıldı. Grup1: %35’lik hidrojen peroksit (HP),
Grup2: %35’lik hidrojen peroksit+kalsiyum
klorür (CaCl2), Grup3: %35’lik hidrojen
peroksit+amorf kalsiyum fosfat (ACP), Grup4:
%35’lik hidrojen peroksit+kalsiyum (Ca) içeren
ağartma ajanı uygulandı. Her gruptaki mine
örnekleri iki eş parçaya ayrıldı. Bir parçasına
beyazlatma öncesi, diğer parçasına beyazlatma
sonrası SEM-EDX analizi yapıldı. Kalsiyum,
fosfat ve kalsiyum/fosfat değerleri kaydedildi.
Değişkenlerin normal dağılıp dağılmadığı
Kolmogorov-Smirnow ve Shapiro-Wilk uyum
testiyle araştırılmış ve verilerin normal
dağıldıkları görülmüştür. Gruplar arası
karşılaştırmalarda Paired Samples t-testi
kullanılmıştır. SEM-EDX analizinin sonuçlarına
göre hidrojen peroksit içeren ağartma ajanı ile
içerisine remineralize edici maddeler ilave
edilen hidrojen peroksit ağartma ajanı arasında
kalsiyum, fosfat ve kalsiyum/fosfat oranı
açısından anlamlı bir farklılık bulundu
(p<0,05). Ağartma ajanları içerisine
remineralize edici maddeler eklenmesi ağartma
sırasında oluşabilecek diş mine yüzey
demineralizasyonunu engellediği sonucuna
varıldı.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ağartma, remineralizasyon, SEM-EDS

Assessment Of The Effects Of Bleachıng Agents Contaınıng Dıfferent Remıneralısıng Materıals On Bovıne Teeth Enamel Surface Propertıes

Öz

The aim of this study was to
evaluate the effects of bleaching agents
containing different remineralizing agents on
mineral content of bovine enamel by SEM-EDX
method. This study was conducted on enamel
samples obtained from 32 bovine teeth. The
samples were randomly divided into 4 groups.
Group1: 35% hydrogen peroxide containing
bleaching agent, Group2: 35% hydrogen
peroxide + calcium chloride, Group3: 35%
hydrogen peroxide + amorphous calcium
phosphate, Group4: 35% hydrogen peroxide +
calcium containing bleaching agent was
applied. Enamel samples in each group were
divided into two identical parts. SEM-EDX
analysis was performed before bleaching on
one part and after bleaching on the other part.
Calcium, phosphate and calcium/phosphate
values were recorded. Whether variables are
normally distributed or not has been
investigated with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov
and Shapiro-Wilk compliance tests and the data
were found to be normally distributed. Paired
Samples t-test was used in comparisons
between groups. According to the results of
SEM-EDX analysis, a significant difference was
found between the hydrogen peroxide
bleaching agent and the hydrogen peroxide
bleaching agent, in which remineralizing
agents were added, in terms of calcium,
phosphate and calcium/phosphate ratio (p
<0.05). It was concluded that the addition of
remineralizing agents to bleaching agents
prevents the surface enamel demineralization
during bleaching.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bleaching, remineralisation, SEMEDS

Kaynakça

• 1. Borges, A.B., Zanatta, R., Barros, A., Silva, L., Pucci, C. and Torres C. Effect of hydrogen peroxide concentration on enamel color and microhardness. Oper Dent 2014;40(1):96-101.
• 2. Cervantes, A., Bolanho, A., Valera, M.C. and Araújo, M.A. Microhardness study of bovine enamel to bleaching treatment activated for different sources of light. Braz Dent Sci. 2006;9:78-86.
• 3. Giannini, M., Silva, A.P., Cavalli, V. and Paes Leme, A.F. Effect of carbamide peroxide-based bleaching agents containing fluoride or calcium on tensile strength of human enamel. J Appl Oral Sci 2006;14:82- 7.
• 4. Tam, L. Vital tooth bleaching: Review and current status. JCDA. 1992;58:654-659.
• 5. Attin, T., Schmidlin, P.R., Wegehaupt, F. and Wiegand, A. Influence of study design on the impact of bleaching agents on dental enamel microhardness: A review. Dent Mater. 2009;25(2):143-157.
• 6. Soldani, P., Amaral, C.M., Rodrigues, J.A. Microhardness evaluation of in situ vital bleaching and thickening agents on human dental enamel. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2010;30:203-11.
• 7. Akal, N., Over, H., Olmez, A., and Bodur, H. Effects of carbamide peroxide containing bleaching agents on the morphology and subsurface hardness of enamel. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2001;25(4):293-296.
• 8. Lewinstein, .I, Fuhrer, N., Churaru, N. and Cardash, H. Effect of different peroxide bleaching regimens and subsequent fluoridation on the hardness of human enamel and dentin. J Prosthet Dent. 2004;92:337-42.
• 9. Pinto, C.F., Paes Leme, A.F., Cavalli, V. and Giannini, M. Effect of 10% carbamide peroxide bleaching on sound and artifi cial enamel carious lesions. Braz Dent J. 2009;20:48-53.
• 10. Lia Mondelli, R. F., Garrido Gabriel, T. R. C., Piola Rizzante, F. A., Magalhães, A. C., Soares Bombonatti, J. F., and Ishikiriama, S. K. Do different bleaching protocols affect the enamel microhardness? Eur J Dent. 2015;1:25–30.
• 11. Thylstrup, A., Bruun, C. and Holmen, L. In vivo caries models--mechanisms for caries initiation and arrestment. Adv Dent Res. 1994;8(2):144-57.
• 12. White, D.J. The application of in vitro models to research on demineralization and remineralization of the teeth Adv Dent Res. 1995;9(3):175-193.
• 13. Rodrigues, E., Delbem, A. C., Pedrini, D. and Cavassan, L. Enamel remineralization by fluo-ride-releasing materials: proposal of a pH-cycling model. Braz Dent J. 2010;21(5):446-51.
• 14. Tang, G., Yip, H.K., Cutressc, T.V. and Samaranayakea, L.P. Artificial mouth model systems and their contribution to caries research. J Dent. 2003;31:161–171.
• 15. Vidhya, S., Srinivasulu, S., Sujatha, M. and Mahalaxmi, S. Effect of grape seed extract on the bond strength of bleached enamel. Oper Dent. 2011;4:433-438.
• 16. Khoroushi, M. and Aghelinejad, S. Effect of postbleaching application of anantioxidant on enamel bond strength of three different adhesives. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2011;7:990-996.
• 17. Scougall-Vilchis, R.J., Gonzalez-Lopez, B.S., Contreras-Bulnes, R., Rodriguez- Vilchis, L.E., Garcia-Nino de Rivera, M.W.and Kubodera-Ito, T. Influence of four systems for dental bleaching on the bond strength of orthodontic brackets. Angle Orthod. 2011;4:700-706.
• 18. Titley, K. et al. The effect of concentrated hydrogen peroxide on the surface morphology of human tooth enamel. J Endod. 1988;14(2):69-74.
• 19. Cakir, F.Y., Korkmaz, Y., Firat, E., Oztas, S.S., and Gurgan, S. Chemical analysis of enamel and dentin following the application of three different athome bleaching systems. Oper Dent. 2011;5:529-536.
• 20. Borges, A.B., Torres, C.R., de Souza, P.A., Caneppele, T.M., Santos, L.F. and Magalhães, A.C. Bleaching gels containing calcium and fluoride: effect on enamel erosion susceptibility. Int J Dent. 2012;347848.
• 21. Hegde, M. N., Moany, A. Remineralization of enamel subsurface lesions with casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate: A quantitative energy dispersive X-ray analysis using scanning electron microscopy: An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent. 2012;1:61–67.
• 22. Sda, S. Et Al. “the effect of fluoride therapies on the morphology of bleached human dental enamel ferreira. Microsc Res Tech. 2011;74(6):512-516.
• 23. Hegde, M.N., Shetty, S. and Pardal, D. Remineralization of enamel sub-surface lesion using casein phosphopeptideamorphous calcium phosphate. J Conserv Dent. 2007;10:19–25.
• 24. Bakry, A.S., Marghalani, H.Y., Amin, O.A. and Tagami, J. The effect of a bioglass paste on enamel exposed to erosive challenge. J Dent. 2014;42(11):1458-1463.
• 25. Alexandria, A.K., Nassur, C., Nóbrega, C.B.C., Valença, A.M.G., Rosalen, P.L. and Maia, L.C. In situ effect of titanium tetrafluoride varnish on enamel demineralization. Braz Oral Res. 2017;6(31):e86.
• 26. Danesh-Sani, S.A., Esmaili, M. Effect of 10% sodiuascorbate hydrogel and delayed bonding on shear bond strenght of composite resin anda resinmodified glass ionomer to bleached enamel. J Conserv Dent. 2011;3:241-6
• 27. Esmaili, M Danesh-Sani, S.A.,.M ascorbate hydrogel and delayed bonding on shear bond strength of composite resin and resinmodified glass ionomer to bleached enamel. J Conserv Dent. 2011;3:241-246.
• 28. Rass, M.A. Long-term prognosis ofinternational endodontics and biternal bleaching of tetracycline-stained teeth. Compendum, 1998;10:1034-1050.
• 29. Mangal, T. Vital ve devital yapılmış diş yüzeylerine uygulanan farklı yüzey tedavilerinin tekrar renklenmeye ve çürük yapıcı mikrooraganizmaların tutunmasına etkileri. Doktora Tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara, 2014:10-22.
• 30. Walstra, P., Geurts, T. J., Noomen, A., Jellema, A., Boekel, van, MAJS. Dairy technology: principles of milk properties and processes. New York: Marcel Dekker,Inc. 1999.
• 31. Kumar, V.L., Itthagarun, A. and King, N.M. The effect of casein phosphopeptideamorphous calcium phosphate on remineralization of artificial caries-like lesions: an in vitro study. Aust Dent J. 2008;1:34-40.
• 32. Sasaki, R.T., Catelan, A., Bertoldo Edos, S., Venâncio, P.C., Groppo, F.C., Ambrosano, G.M., Marchi, G.M., Lima, D.A. and Aguiar, F.H. Effect of 7.5% hydrogen peroxide containing remineralizing agents on hardness, color change, roughness and micromorphology of human enamel. J Am Dent Assoc. 2015;5:261-7.
• 33. Borges, A. B., Samezima, L. Y., Fonseca, L. P., Yui, K. C. K., Borges, A. L. S., & Torres, C. R. G. Influence of potentially remineralizing agents on bleached enamel microhardness. Oper Dent. 2009;34(5):593-597.
• 34. Al-Salehi, S. K., Wood, D. J. And Hatton, P. V. The effect of 24 hour non-stop hydrogen peroxide concentration on bovine enamel and dentine mineral content and microhardness. J Dent. 2007;35, (11):845– 850.
• 35. Tezel, H., Ertas O.S., Ozata F., Dalgar H., and Korkut, Z.O. Effect of bleaching agents on calcium loss from the enamel surface. Quintessence Int. 2007;38 (4):339–347.
• 36. Zhang, Y. P., Din C. S., Miller S., Nathoo S.A., and A. Gaffar. Intra-oral remineralization of enamel with a MFP/DCPD and MFP/silica dentifrice using surface microhardness. J Clin Dent.1995;6(2):148–153.
• 37. Attin, T., Kocabiyik M., Buchalla W., Hannig C., and Becker K. Susceptibility of enamel surfaces to demineralization after application of fluoridated carbamide peroxide gels. Caries Res. 2003;37(2):93– 99.
• 38. Hughes, J. A., West, N. X. Parker, D. M. van den Braak, M. H. and Addy, M. Effects of pH and concentration of citric, malic and lactic acids on enamel, in vitro. J Dent. 2000;28(2):147–152.
• 39. De Oliveira, R., Paes Leme, A. F., and Giannini, M. Effect of a carbamide peroxide bleaching gel containing calcium or fluoride on human enamel surface microhardness. Braz. Dent. J. 2004;16(2):103–106.