Türkiye'nin İhracata Dayalı Öncü Endüstrilerinde Ar-Ge ve İnovasyon Faaliyetleri: Gelecek Görüşleri İçin Bir Analiz

Yıl 2024, , 57 - 76, 15.01.2024

Melisa Özbiltekin-pala , Yesım Denız Ozkan Ozen

https://doi.org/10.51551/verimlilik.1326253

Öz

Amaç: Araştırma ve Geliştirme (Ar-Ge) ve inovasyon faaliyetleri, organizasyonun gelişimi ve rekabet avantajı üzerinde kritik etkilere sahiptir. Tüm sektörlerin Ar-Ge ve inovasyon faaliyetleri olmasına rağmen, sektörel uygulamalar; hazırlık düzeyi, yatırım fırsatları ve organizasyonel stratejilere göre farklılık göstermektedir. Bu çalışma, Türkiye'nin en yüksek ihracat oranlarına sahip otomotiv, tekstil ve ana metal sektörlerine odaklanmaktadır. Bu çalışma, seçilen endüstriler için Ar-Ge ve yenilik faaliyetlerini analiz etmeyi ve uygulayıcılara geleceğe yönelik öngörüler sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır.
Yöntem: Bu çalışma için cari harcamalar, personel harcamaları, ticari yatırımlar, patent başvuru sayısı ve Ar-Ge personeli sayısı olmak üzere altı farklı Ar-Ge ve yenilik göstergesi dikkate alınmış ve 2022-2030 tahmininde GM (1, 1) tahmin modeli kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Sonuç olarak, özellikle her gösterge için otomotiv sanayinde Ar-Ge ve inovasyon faaliyetlerinde artış beklenmesine rağmen, tekstil ve ana metal için bu değerler sınırlıdır. Özellikle bu iki sektörün daha fazla desteğe ihtiyacı olduğu anlaşılmaktadır.
Özgünlük: Bu çalışma kapsamında, sektörel farklılıklar göz önüne alınarak dijitalleşme ve teknolojinin benimsenmesi, çalışanların lisansüstü eğitimlerinin ve yükseköğretim-sanayi işbirliklerinin teşvik edilmesi, Ar-Ge ve inovasyonun kurum kültürünün bir parçası olarak benimsenmesi, Ar-Ge ve inovasyon teşviklerinin yaygınlaştırılması, Ar-Ge ve yenilik faaliyetlerinde KOBİ'lerin desteklenmesi gibi başlıkları altında geleceğe yönelik öngörü ve öneriler verilerek sektörel açıdan katkı sağlamak amaçlanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Araştırma ve Geliştirme, İnovasyon Yönetimi, Tahminleme

R&D and Innovation Activities in Leading Export-Based Industries in Türkiye: An Analysis for Future Insights

Öz

Purpose: Research and Development (R&D) and innovation activities critically impact an organization's development and competitive advantage. Although all industries have R&D and innovation activities, sectoral applications vary depending on readiness, investment opportunities, and organizational strategies. This study focuses on the automotive, textile, and main metal industries, with the highest export rates in Türkiye. This study aims to analyze R&D and innovation activities for the selected industries and provide practitioners with future insights.
Methodology: Six different R&D and innovation indicators, i.e., current expenditure, personnel expenditures, trade investments, number of patent applications and number of R&D personnel, are considered for this study, and the GM (1,1) forecasting model is used to predict 2022-2030.
Findings: As a result, although an increase in R&D and innovation activities in the automotive industry is expected, especially for each indicator, these values are limited for textile and main metal. It is realized that especially these two industries need more support.
Originality: Within the scope of this study, future insights and suggestions are given under digitalization and technology adoption, encouraging postgraduate studies of employees and higher education - industry collaborations, adopting R&D and innovation as a part of corporate culture, extending R&D and innovation incentives, supporting SMEs in R&D and innovation activities according to sectoral comparisons.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Research and Development, Innovation Management, Forecasting

Kaynakça

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