TEKNOPARKLARIN AR-GE ve YENİLİK FİKİRLERİNE KATKILARI

Yıl 2017, Sayı: 3, 125 - 166, 09.07.2017

Mehmet Cansız , Bilgehan Özbaylanlı

Öz

TEKNOPARKLARIN AR-GE ve YENİLİK FİKİRLERİNE KATKILARI 

Özet

Bilgi toplumuna dönüşüm ve beraberinde gelen esnek ve
yenilikçi üretim süreçleri Ar-Ge ve yenilik fikirlerini üretimin en önemli
girdilerinden birisi haline getirmiştir. Bu süreçte teknoparklar Ar-Ge ve
yenilik faaliyetlerinin başarılı şekilde hayata geçirildiği kümeler olarak
görülmektedir. Bu anlamda, teknoparklardan beklenen katkıların başında, yenilik
fikirlerini tetikleyen mekanizmaları ve platformaları içermeleri ve bunları
etkin şekilde işletmeleri gelmektedir. Türkiye’de teknoparkların Ar-Ge ve
yenilik fikirlerine olan katkısı üzerine bugüne kadar spesifik bir çalışma
gerçekleştirilmemiştir. Bu çalışmada teknoparkların Ar-Ge ve yenilik
fikirlerinin oluşmasına sağladığı katkı ölçülmektedir. Çalışmada
teknoparklardan anket ile toplanan veriler kullanılmış, katkılara ilişkin
betimsel istatistiklerin sunulmasının yanı sıra etkilerin girişimci
karakteristiklerine göre değişkenliği, endojen açıklayıcı değişkene duyarlı bir
yaklaşımla sıralı probit regresyonu yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın
en önemli sonucu teknoparkların Ar-Ge ve yenilik fikirlerine ortalamada kayda
değer katkılar sağlamış olduğudur. Diğer önemli bulgu ise teknoparklardan tüm
alanlarda kadın girişimcilerin erkek girişimcilere göre daha fazla katkı
sağlamış olması ve teknoparkın gelişmişlik düzeyi arttıkça olumlu etkilerin yükselmesidir.
Diğer taraftan, girişimin başarı düzeyi ile Ar-Ge ve yenilik fikirleri
açısından sağlanan faydanın genel olarak ilişkisiz çıkması da ilginç ve
düşündürücü bir bulgu olmuştur. Bu çalışma sonucunda aynı zamanda, öncelikle
kadın girişimciler ve başarılı girişimciler olmak üzere, girişimcilik
ekosistemin diğer temsilcilerin de dahil edileceği nitel bir araştırma
yapılması ihtiyacı ortaya çıkmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Ar-Ge, yenilik, fikir, girişimcilik, kadın girişimciliği.

                                                                           CONTRIBUTION OF TECHNOPARKS TO R&D
AND INNOVATION IDEAS

Abstract

Transformation to knowledge society and accompanying
flexible and innovative production processes made R&D and innovation ideas
one of most crucial inputs of production. On this backround, technoparks are
regarded as the clusters in which R&D and innovation activities are
successfully carried out. Hence, principal benefit expected from a technopark
is to incorporate platforms that trigger innovative ideas and to operate them
in the most effective manner. There has been no existing specific study
regarding the contribution of technoparks on the prolifation of new R&D and
innovation ideas. This study aims to evaluate the contribution of technoparks
to the formation of new R&D and innovation ideas. Data collected through
survey within technoparks was employed in the study. In addition to the
detailed demonstration of descriptive statistics of contribution of technoparks,
the differentiation of contribution with respect to entrepreneur
characteristics is analyzed with a methodology designed to be sensitive to an
endogeneous regressor and employing ordered probit regression for estimation.
Main finding of the study indicates that on average technoparks have
contributed significantly to the formation of R&D and innovation ideas.
Other important finding is that female entrepreneurs have benefited
significantly more than male entrepreneurs in nearly all of the different mechanisms
considered in the study. Positive benefits also increase when the development
level of the technopark improves. On the other hand, the success level of the
entreprise and the perception of technopark benefits reflected by its
entrepreneur in terms of new R&D and innovation ideas are found to be not
associated in general, which is again deemed interesting and thougth-provoking.
This study at the same time surfaced the requirement for a qualitative study in
this framework that focuses on women entrepreneurs and successful entrepreneurs
as well as incorporating other stakeholders of entrepreneurial ecosystem.

Keywords: R&D, innovation, idea, technopark, entrepreneurship, women
entrepreneurship

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ar-Ge, yenilik, fikir, girişimcilik

Kaynakça

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