Teknoloji Benimseme, İnovasyon ve Güney Kore Mucizesi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 58 Sayı: 1, 103 - 118, 31.01.2024

M. Aykut Attar

https://doi.org/10.51551/verimlilik.1344143

Öz

Amaç: Ana amaç, özenli bir analiz ve gerçekçi bir denge modeli ile Güney Kore mucizesinin mikroekonomik temellerini anlamaktır.
Yöntem: Makale, verimlilik büyümesinin, (i) beşerî sermayeye, (ii) ülkenin küresel teknoloji uç sınırına olan uzaklığına ve (iii) kentsel yığılma düzeyine içsel olduğu basit bir denge modeli inşa etmektedir. Makale, 1960 sonrası dönem için Güney Kore ulusal hesaplarından çeşitli gözlemlenen değişkenleri kullanarak, gözlemlenmemiş verimlilik terimlerini belirlemekte ve hesaplamaktadır. Makale, daha sonra, model parametrelerinin yapısal tahminlerini ve ayrıştırma analizinin sonuçlarını sunmaktadır.
Bulgular: Güney Kore ekonomisi başlangıçta geri bir teknoloji kullanırken, 1980’lerin başında yenilikçi bir ekonomi haline gelmektedir. Yapısal tahminler, kentsel yığılmanın Güney Kore örneğinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmadığını göstermektedir. Son olarak, bir ayrıştırma analizi, 1960’ların başında beşerî sermayenin ve teknoloji uçsınırına olan uzaklığın verimlilik büyümesine benzer katkılar yaptığını göstermektedir.
Özgünlük: Model ekonominin iki sektörü vardır. Modern sektördeki teknoloji, Ölçeğe Göre Sabit Getiri sergilemektedir, ancak geleneksel teknoloji, Ölçeğe Göre Azalan Getirilerle kısıtlanmıştır. Ek olarak hem teknoloji benimseme rejimi hem de yenilik rejimi aynı matematiksel fonksiyonla temsil edilebilmektedir ve bu nedenle makale teorik olarak orijinaldir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İçsel Teknoloji, Denge Modeli, Yapısal Tahmin, Yakalama

Proje Numarası

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Technology Adoption, Innovation, and the South Korean Miracle

Öz

Purpose: The main purpose is to understand the microeconomic foundations of the South Korean miracle through careful analysis and a realistic equilibrium model.
Methodology: The paper constructs a simple equilibrium model where productivity growth is endogenous to (i) human capital, (ii) the country’s distance to the global technology frontier, and (iii) the level of urban agglomeration. The paper identifies and calculates unobserved productivity terms using various observed variables from South Korean national accounts for the post-1960 period. The paper then presents the structural estimates of the model parameters and the results of the decomposition analysis.
Findings: While the South Korean economy was initially using a backward technology, it became an innovation economy in the early 1980s. Structural estimates show that urban agglomeration is not statistically significant in the South Korean case. Finally, a decomposition analysis shows that, in the early 1960s, human capital and distance to the frontier made similar contributions to productivity growth.
Originality: The model economy has two sectors. Technology in the modern sector exhibits Constant Returns to Scale, but traditional technology is constrained by Decreasing Returns to Scale. In addition, both the technology adoption regime and the innovation regime can be represented by the same mathematical function, and the article is therefore theoretically original.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Endogenous Technology, Equilibrium Model, Structural Estimation, Catching Up

Destekleyen Kurum

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Proje Numarası

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Kaynakça

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