Marmara denizi Atlantik uskumrularındaki (Scomber scombrus, Linnaeus 1758) Anisakis spp. enfeksiyonu

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 91 Sayı: 1, 80 - 85, 15.01.2020

Gökben Özbakış Beceriklisoy , Ceren Aşti , Bahadır Gönenç

https://doi.org/10.33188/vetheder.599455

Cited By: 3

Öz

Bu çalışmada balık örneklerinde paraziter
enfeksiyonların belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Marmara denizi balıkçıları tarafından
paraziter enfeksiyon şüpheli on adet Atlantik uskumrusu (Scombrus scombrus) gönderildi. Balıklara ait deri, yüzgeçler,
gözler, ağız boşluğu ve solungaçlar ektoparazitler yönünden incelenirken, iç
organların da endoparazitler yönünden araştırmaları yapıldı. Gönderilen on adet
balığın yedisi enfekte olduğu saptandı. Balıkların karın boşluğundan toplam 27
nematod larvası tespit edildi. Saptanan nematod larvaları % 0.9'luk izotonik
tuzlu su ile yıkandı ve gliserin-alkol içinde saklandı. Sonrasında, örneklerin
anterior ve posterior uçları laktofenolde şeffaflandırıldı. Larvaların ön kısmında
belirgin bir kesici diş (boring tooth) görüldü. Larvaların vücut özellikleri
(boy uzunluğu, özefagus uzunluğu, ventrikül ve mucron uzunluğu) ışık mikroskopu
altında ölçüldü (x10-x40). Morfolojik analizler sonucu tüm örneklerinin
Anisakis Tip I larvaları (L3) olduğu saptandı. Anisakiasis balık-kaynaklı
(fish-borne) zoonotik hastalıkların en önemlilerinden biri olarak bilinmektedir.
Ayrıca, bu nematod türlerinin daha önce Türk sularında farklı balık türlerinde
de bulunduğu bildirilmiştir. Bu çalışma ile, Anisakis spp.’nin Türkiye'deki ara konaklarından biri hakkında
değerli bilgi elde edilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anisakidae, Anisakis spp., Larva 3

Anisakis spp. infection in Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus, Linnaeus 1758) from the Sea of Marmara

Öz

This study was aimed to
determine the parasite infection of fish samples. Ten Atlantic mackerel (Scomber
scombrus), which were suspected with parasite infection, were sent from the
fisherman at the Sea of Marmara, Turkey. The skin, fins, eyes, buccal cavity,
and gills were examined regarding ectoparasites, while internal organs were
investigated concerning endoparasites. Seven of 10 fish were infected with
endoparasites. A total of 27 nematode larvae were detected from the abdominal
cavity of fish. The detected nematode larvae were rinsed in 0.9 % isotonic
saline and preserved in glycerine-alcohol until used. After that anterior and
posterior end of samples were cleared in lactophenol. The larvae had a
prominent boring tooth at the anterior end. The body features of the larvae
were measured (body width, oesophagus length, ventriculus length and mucron
length) on a light microscope (10x-40x). Morphological analysis showed that all
samples were identified as Anisakis Type I larvae (L3). It is known that
anisakiasis is one of the important fish-borne zoonotic diseases. Also, this nematode species
had been previously reported in Turkish water from different fish species. The present case contributes valuable information about one of the intermediate
hosts of Anisakis spp. in Turkey.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anisakidae, Anisakis spp., L3 stages

Kaynakça

• 1. Aibinu IE, Smooker PM, Lopata AL (2019): Anisakis Nematodes in Fish and Shellfish-from infection to allergies. International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife.
• 2. Akmırza A (2013): Gökçeada kıyı sularındaki balıkların parazitik nematodları. Turkiye Parazitol Derg, 37, 199-202.
• 3. Akmirza A (2000): Gökçeada civarında avlanan tekir (Mullus surmuletus L.) balığının metazoan parazitleri. Vet Fak Derg (İstanbul), 26(1), 129-140.
• 4. Akmirza A (2003): Distribution of parasites fauna of Chup mackerel in Aegean and Mediterranean sea. Turkish J Marine Science, 9(3), 187-195.
• 5. Akmirza, A (2012): Metazoan Parasite Fauna of Conger Eel (Conger conger L.) Near Gökçeada, Northeasten Aegean Sea, Turkey. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 18(5), 845-848.
• 6. Arizono N, Yamada M, Tegoshi T, Yoshikawa M (2012): Anisakis simplex sensu stricto and Anisakis pegreffii: biological characteristics and pathogenetic potential in human anisakiasis. Foodborne Pathog Dis, 9(6), 517-521.
• 7. Audicana L, Audicana MT, Fermandez de Corres L, Kennedy MW (1997): Cooking and freezing may not protect against allergenic reactions to ingested Anisakis simplex antigens in humans. Vet Rec, 140, 235.
• 8. Aytemiz I, Dede A, Danyer E, Tonay AM (2012): Morphological identification of parasites found in the stomach contents of bycaught striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) from Turkish Eastern Mediterranean Sea coast. J Black Sea/Mediterr, 18, 238-245.
• 9. Bao M, Pierce GJ, Strachan NJC, Pascual S (2019): Human health, legislative and socioeconomic issues caused by the fish-borne zoonotic parasites Anisakis: Challenges in risk assessment. Trends Food Sci Tech, 86, 298-310.
• 10. Berland B (1961): Nematodes from some Norwegian marine fishes. Sarsia, 2, 1-50.
• 11. Bilecenoğlu M, Kaya M, Cihangir B, Çiçek E (2014): An updated checklist of marine fishes of Turkey. Turk J Zool, 38, 901-929.
• 12. Bilska-Zajac E, Różycki M, Chmurzyńska E, Karamon J, Sroka J, Kochanowski M, Kusyk P, Cencek T (2015): Parasites of Anisakidae family− geographical distribution and threat to human health. J Agr Sci Tech-Iran, 5, 146-152.
• 13. Buchmann K, Mehrdana F (2016): Effects of anisakid nematodes Anisakis simplex (s.l.) Pseudoterranova decipiens (s.l.) and Contracaecum osculatum (s.l.) on fish and consumer health. FAWPAR, 4, 13-22.
• 14. Cipriani P, Sbaraglia GL, Palomba M, Giulietti L, Bellisario B, Bušelić I, Mladineoc I, Cheleschid R, Nascetti G, Mattiucci S (2018): Anisakis pegreffii (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in European anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus from the Mediterranean Sea: Fishing ground as a predictor of parasite distribution. Fish Res, 202, 59-68.
• 15. Collette B, Boustany A, Carpenter KE, Di Natale A, Fox W, Graves J, Juan Jorda M, Kada O, Nelson R, Oxenford H (2011): Scomber scombrus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2011: e.T170354A6764313. Erişim adresi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-2.RLTS.T170354A6764313.en. Erişim tarihi: 28.07.2019
• 16. Da Fonseca, MCG, Knoff, M, Felizardo, NN, Di Azevedo MIN, Torres EJL, Gomes DC., Iñiguez AM, De São Clemente, SC (2016): Integrative taxonomy of Anisakidae and Raphidascarididae (Nematoda) in Paralichthys patagonicus and Xystreurys rasile (Pisces: Teleostei) from Brazil. Int J Food Microbiol, 235, 113-124.
• 17. Eissa AE, Showehdi ML, Ismail MM, El-Naas AS, Mhara, AAA, Abolghait SK (2018): Identification and prevalence of Anisakis pegreffii and A. pegreffii× A. Simplex (ss) hybrid genotype larvae in Atlantic horse Mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) from some North African Mediterranean coasts. Egypt J Aquat Res, 44(1), 21-27.
• 18. Fish Base (2019): Scomber scombrus Linnaeus 1758, Atlantic mackerel. Erişim adresi: https://www.fishbase.se/Summary/SpeciesSummary.php?ID=118&AT=atlantic+mackerel Erişim tarihi: 27.07.2019
• 19. Keser R, Bray RA, Oguz MC, Çelen S, Erdoğan S, Doğuturk S, Aklanoğlu G, Martı B (2007): Helminth parasites of digestive tract of some teleost fish caught in the Dardanelles at Çanakkale, Turkey. Helminthologia, 44 (4), 217-221.
• 20. Keskin E, Genc E, Unal EM (2013): Identification of Anisakis simplex using DNA barcoding. Aquaculture Europe 2013-Trondheim, Norway.
• 21. Mattiucci S, Nascetti G (2006): Molecular systematics, phylogeny and ecology of anisakid nematodes of the genus Anisakis Dujardin, 1845: an update. Parasite, 13(2), 99-113.
• 22. Mattiucci S, Nascetti G (2008): Advances and Trends in the Molecular Systematics of Anisakid Nematodes, with Implications for their Evolutionary Ecology and Host—Parasite Co-evolutionary Processes. Adv Parasitol, 66, 47-148.
• 23. Molina-Fernández D, Adroher FJ, Benítez R (2018): A scanning electron microscopy study of Anisakis physeteris molecularly identified: from third stage larvae from fish to fourth stage larvae obtained in vitro. Parasitol Res, 117: 2095–2103.
• 24. Orecchia P, Paggi L, Mattiucci S, Nascetti G, Smith JW, Bullini L (1986): Electrophoretic identification of larvae and adults of Anisakis (Ascaridida: Anisakidae). J Helminthol, 60, 331-339.
• 25. Pekmezci GZ, Onuk EE, Bolukbas CS, Yardimci B, Gurler AT, Acici M, Umur Ş (2014): Molecular identification of Anisakis species (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from marine fishes collected in Turkish waters. Vet Parasitol, 201, 82–94.
• 26. Pekmezci GZ, Yardimci B (2019): On the occurrence and molecular identification of Contracaecum larvae (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in Mugil cephalus from Turkish waters. Parasitol Res, 118(5), 1393-1402.
• 27. Pekmezci GZ, Yardimci B, Gurler AT, Bolubas CS, Acici M, Umur S (2013): Survey on the presence of nematodes and associated with pathology in marine mammals from Turkish waters. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 19(6), 1035-1038.
• 28. Quiazon KMA, Yoshinaga T, Ogawa K, Yukami R (2008): Morphological differences between larvae and in vitro-cultured adults of Anisakis simplex (sensu stricto) and Anisakis pegreffii (Nematoda: Anisakidae). Parasitol Int, 57(4), 483-489.
• 29. Şimşek E, Yılmaz E (2016): Anisakiasis ve Halk Sağlığı. Turkiye Klinikleri J Food Hyg Technol-Special Topics, 202(3),38-44.
• 30. Tepe Y, Oğuz MC (2013): Nematode and acanthocephalan parasites of marine fish of the eastern Black Sea coasts of Turkey. Turk J Zool, 37, 753-760.
• 31. Tüik (2019): Su ürünleri istatistikleri: Deniz ürünleri: Avlanan deniz balıkları miktarı. Erişim adresi: http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreTablo.do?alt_id=1005 Erişim tarihi: 31.07.2019
• 32. Utuk AE, Pıskın FC, Balkaya I (2012): Molecular Detection of Anisakis pegreffii in Horse Mackerels (Trachurus trachurus) sold for human consumption in Erzurum province of Turkey. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 18(2), 303-307.
• 33. Veryeri NG (2012): Postmortem examinations of stranded dolphins found on the Black Sea coast near Ordu, Turkey (Mammalia: Cetacea). Zool Middle East, 55(1), 129-132.
• 34. Yardımcı B, Pekmezci GZ, Onuk EE (2014): Pathology and molecular identification of Anisakis pegreffii (Nematoda: Anisakidae) infection in the John Dory, Zeus faber (Linnaeus, 1758) caught in Mediterranean sea. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg, 61, 233-236.