Obezite ve Yoğun Bakım

Yıl 2012, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 2, 69 - 75, 31.12.2014

Neriman Zengin

Öz

Genetik ve çevresel faktörlerin etkisi ile gelişen obezite hem kilo hem de metabolik değişimi
içeren bir sendromdur. Vücutta meydana getirdiği patofizyolojik değişiklikler genel olarak fizyolojik,
proinflamatuvar ve kilo ile ilgili olmak üzere üç grupta toplanır. Obezite prevalansı artış gösteren
önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Prevelansındaki artışla birlikte ilerleyen yıllarda yoğun
bakıma kabul edilen hastalar arasında obezite oranı artacaktır. Obezitenin tüm sistemler üzerine
olumsuz etkileri yoğun bakım süreci ile birleştiğinde hastanede ve mekanik ventilasyonda kalma sü-
resinde uzama, enfeksiyon riskinde artma, yara iyileşmesinde gecikme, bası yaraları, en sık karşılaşılan sorunlardır. Ayrıca solunum, dolaşım, endokrin, gastrointestinal, kas iskelet ve üriner sistem
üzerinde de birçok olumsuz etkileri görülmektedir. Tüm bu sorunlar ise ölüm riskini arttırmaktadır.
Yoğun bakım ünitesinde obez hastaların tedavi ve bakımında öncelikle obezitenin vücut sistemleri
üzerine etkisi bilinmelidir. Bu yazıda obezitenin sistemler üzerine olumsuz etkileri ve yoğun
bakım süreci incelenmiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mekanik ventilasyon, obezite

Obesity and Intensive Care

Öz

 Obesity, resulting from genetic and environmental factors, is a syndrome that combines
both weight gain and metabolic alterations. The pathologic physiology changes caused in the body
by obesity are generally attributable to one of these three groups of conditions: physiological, proinflammatory
and weight gain. Obesity represents a major public health problem; its prevalence is
increasing. Such an increased prevalence will increase the ratio of future obese patients admitted
to intensive care units (ICU). The combination of the effects of obesity on all body systems and of
the intensive care procedures results most often in increased hospitalization and mechanical ventilation
duration, increased risk of infection, delayed wound healing and increased pressure sores.
Many other untoward effects on the respiratory, cardiovascular, endocrine, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal
and urinary systems are also observed. All these problems together increase mortality.
When caring for obese patients in the ICU, knowing the effects of obesity on body systems is a priority.
This article examines the adverse effects of obesity on body systems and intensive care

Anahtar Kelimeler

Intensive care unit, mechanical ventilation

Kaynakça

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