RELATION OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL, ORGANISATIONAL INNOVATION AND SUSTAINABLE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 16, 20 - 46, 26.08.2024

İsmail Hakan Okay

https://doi.org/10.51947/yonbil.1504073

Öz

In this study, intellectual capital, organizational innovation, and the relationship between sustainable competitive advantage were examined within the framework of resource-based theory. The main aim of the study is to test the direct effect of intellectual capital on sustainable competitive advantage and the indirect effect through the mediating role of organizational innovation. The data of the research were obtained from managers of businesses operating in the production field in Istanbul, 310 participants were interviewed. According to the findings of the analyses, it was concluded that the three dimensions of intellectual capital - human capital, structural capital, and relational capital have an indirect effect on sustainable competitive advantage through organizational innovation. The findings obtained were found to support the main hypotheses of the research.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Intellectual, Capital, Organizational Innovation, Sustainable Competitive Advantage

ENTELEKTÜEL SERMAYE, ÖRGÜTSEL YENİLİKÇİLİK ve SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR REKABET AVANTAJI İLİŞKİSİ

Öz

Bu çalışmada kaynak temelli teori çerçevesinde entelektüel sermaye, örgütsel yenilikçilik ve sürdürülebilir rekabet avantajı arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Entelektüel sermayenin sürdürülebilir rekabet avantajı üzerindeki doğrudan etkisi ve örgütsel yenilikçiliğin aracılık rolü ile dolaylı etkisini test etmek çalışmanın temel amacını oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri İstanbul’da üretim alanında faaliyet gösteren işletme yöneticilerinden elde edilmiş olup 310 katılımcıya ulaşılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara göre entelektüel sermayenin üç boyutu olan beşerî sermaye, yapısal sermaye ve ilişkisel sermayenin örgütsel yenilikçilik üzerinden sürdürülebilir rekabet avantajı üzerinde dolaylı etkisi olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Elde edilen bulguların araştırmanın temel hipotezlerini destekler nitelikte olduğu görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Entelektüel Sermaye, Örgütsel Yenilikçilik, Sürdürülebilir Rekabet Avantajı

Kaynakça

• Alfawaire, Fieras, and Tarik Atan. "The Effect Of Strategic Human Resource And Knowledge Management on Sustainable Competitive Advantages at Jordanian Universities: The Mediating Role of Organizational İnnovation." Sustainability 13.15 (2021): 8445-8480.
• Alnatsheh, Amani Yaser, Karaatmaca, Ayşe Gözde, Çavuşoğlu, Behiye. “Intellectual Capital and Organizational Innovation: Examining the Mediation Role of Knowledge Sharing on the Palestinian Universities during the COVID-19 Pandemic”. Sustainability 15.4 (2023): 3673-3693.
• Alshamsi, Saif, Osama Isaac, and Amya Bhaumik. "The Effects of Intellectual Capital on Organizational Innovation within Abu Dhabi Police in UAE." International Journal on Emerging Technologies 10.1 (2019): 50-58.
• Alves, M., F., R., Galina, S., V., R., & Dobelin, S. (2018). Literature on organizational innovation: past and future. Innovation & Management Review, 15(1), 2-19.
• Amit, R., & Schoemaker, P. J. (1993). Strategic assets and organizational rent. Strategic management journal, 14(1), 33-46.
• Andriessen, Daniel. "On the Metaphorical Nature Of Intellectual Capital: A Textual Analysis." Journal of Intellectual Capital 7.1 (2006): 93-110.
• Anning-Dorson, T. and Nyamekye, M.B. (2020), “Be Flexible: Turning İnnovativeness Into Competitive Advantage in Hospitality Firms”, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 32.2 (2020): 605-624.
• Armbruster, Heidi, et al. "Organizational innovation: The challenge of measuring non-technical innovation in large-scale surveys." Technovation 28.10 (2008): 644-657.
• Azeem, M., Ahmed, M., Haider, S., & Sajjad, M. (2021). Expanding competitive advantage through organizational culture, knowledge sharing and organizational innovation. Technology in Society, 66, 101635.
• Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17, 99–120. Camisón, C., & Villar-López, A. (2011). Non-technical innovation: Organizational memory and learning capabilities as antecedent factors with effects on sustained competitive advantage. Industrial Marketing Management, 40(8), 1294-1304.
• Chahal, Hardeep, and Purnima Bakshi. "Examining Intellectual Capital and Competitive Advantage Relationship: Role of İnnovation and Organizational Learning" International Journal of Bank Marketing 33.3 (2015): 376-399.
• Chatzoglou, P. and Chatzoudes, D. (2018), “The Role of Innovation in Building Competitive Advantages: an Empirical İnvestigation”, European Journal of Innovation Management, 21.1 (2018): 44-69.
• Chen, S., Bu, M., Wu, S. and Liang, X. “How Does TMT Attention To İnnovation of Chinese Firms Influence Firm Innovation Activities? A Study On The Moderating Role Of Corporate Governance”, Journal of Business Research, 68.5 (2015): 1127-1135.
• Choo, C. W., & Bontis, N. (Eds.). (2002). The strategic management of intellectual capital and organizational knowledge. New York: Oxford University Press.
• Crossan, Mary M., and Marina Apaydin. "A multi‐dimensional framework of organizational innovation: A systematic review of the literature." Journal of management studies 47.6 (2010): 1154-1191.
• Çakıcı, A. C., Çalhan, H., & Karamustafa, K. (2016). Yiyecek ve içecek işletmelerinde inovasyon ve sürdürülebilir rekabet üstünlüğü ilişkisi. Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 6(2), 11-39.
• Damar, Arif., ve İraz, Rıfat. (2020). Entelektüel Sermaye ve Rekabet Avantajı Ölçeklerinin Türkçe’ye Uyarlanması ve Değişkenler Arasındaki İlişkiler: Kobiler Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Business and Management Studies: An International Journal, 8.5 (2020): 4487-4520.
• Damanpour, F., & Evan, W. M. (1984). Organizational innovation and performance: the problem of" organizational lag". Administrative science quarterly, 392-409.
• Delios, A., and P. W. Beamish. “Survival and Profitability: The Roles of Experience and Intangible Assets in Foreign Subsidiary Performance.” Academy of Management Journal 44.5 (2001): 1028-1038.
• Eidizadeh, R., Salehzadeh, R., & Chitsaz Esfahani, A. (2017). Analysing the role of business intelligence, knowledge sharing and organisational innovation on gaining competitive advantage. Journal of Workplace Learning, 29(4), 250-267.
• Fernandes Rodrigues Alves, Marlon, Simone Vasconcelos Ribeiro Galina, and Silvio Dobelin. "Literature on organizational innovation: past and future." Innovation & Management Review 15.1 (2018): 2-19.
• Ghorbani, Mahmood, Baratali Mofaredi, and Somayeh Bashiriyan. "Study of The Relationship Between Intellectual Capital Management And Organizational Innovation in The Banks." African Journal of Business Management 6.15 (2012): 5208-5218.
• Hamel, G. (2009). Management innovation. Leadership Excellence, 26(5), 5.
• Huard, Pierre, The Management of Chronic Diseases_ Organizational Innovation and Efficiency, Wiley, (2018).
• Hudson, William J. Intellectual Capital: How To Build It, Enhance It, Use It. Wiley, (1993).
• Iqbal, A., Latif, F., Marimon, F., Sahibzada, U.F. and Hussain, S., “From Knowledge Management to Organizational Performance: Modelling The Mediating Role of Innovation and Intellectual Capital in Higher Education”, Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 32.1 (2019): 36-59.
• Itami, H. Mobilizing Invisible Assets. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 1987.
• Jiang, Y., Jiang, Y., & Nakamura, W. (2019). Human capital and organizational performance based on organizational innovation: Empirical study on China. Revista de Cercetare si Interventie Sociala, 64.
• Kamukama, N., Ahiauzu, A., ve Ntayi, J. M. (2011). “Competitive Advantage: Mediator of İntellectual Capital And Performance” Journal of Intellectual Capital, 12.1 (2011): 152-164.
• Kaplan, Howard B., and Marshall Scott Poole. Organizational innovation: Studies of program change in community agencies. Springer Science & Business Media, 2003.
• Kneipp, Jordana Marques, et al. "Sustainable İnnovation Practices And Their Relationship with The Performance of Industrial Companies." Revista de Gestão 26.2 (2019): 94-111.
• Lentjušenkova, Oksana, and Inga Lapina. "The Transformation of The Organization’s Intellectual Capital: From Resource to Capital." Journal of Intellectual Capital 17.4 (2016): 610-631.
• Marr, Bernard, and Göran Roos. "A strategy perspective on intellectual capital." Advance Praise for Perspectives on Intellectual Capital: Multidisciplinary Insights into Management, Measurement, and Reporting. Elsevier, 2005. 28-41.
• Obeidat, U., et al. "The Effect of İntellectual Capital on Competitive Advantage: The Mediating Role of Innovation." Management Science Letters 11.4 (2021): 1331-1344.
• OECD/Eurostat Oslo Manual 2018: Guidelines for Collecting, Reporting and Using Data on Innovation, 4th Edition, The Measurement of Scientific, Technological and Innovation Activities, OECD Publishing, Paris/Eurostat, Luxembourg, (2018).
• Oslo Kılavuzu, Yenilik Verilerinin Toplanması ve Yorumlanması İçin İlkeler, OECD- EUROSTAT Ortak Yayını, çev: Tübitak (2005).
• Porter, Michael., Rekabet Stratejisi – Sektör ve Rakip Analizi Teknikleri, İstanbul, Agora Kitaplığı, (2015). Saji, B.S. and Ellingstad, P. “Social Innovation Model For Business Performance and Innovation”, International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 65.2 (2016): 256-274.
• Sapprasert, Koson, and Tommy Høyvarde Clausen. "Organizational innovation and its effects." Industrial and Corporate Change 21.5 (2012): 1283-1305.
• Schumpeter. Joseph. The Theory of Economic Development: An Inquiry into Profits, Capital, Credit, Interest and the Business Cycle, New Brunswick (U.S.A) and London (U.K.): Transaction Publishers, 1983. Schultz, T. W. (1961). Investment in human capital. The American economic review, 1-17.
• Senior, Nassau William. An Outline Of The Science Of Political Economy. W. Clowes And Sons, 1836. Soetjipto, Budi .Eko., Murwani, F.Danardana. and Wahyono, Hari. “The Role Of Smes’ İnnovation and Learning Orientation In Mediating The Effect of CSR Programme On Smes’ Performance And Competitive Advantage”, Global Business Review, 19.99 (2018): 21-38
• Stewart, Thomas A. Intellectual Capital: The New Wealth Of Organization. Crown Business, (1998). Stewart, Thomas A. The Wealth Of Knowledge: Intellectual Capital And The Twenty-First Century Organization. Currency, (2001).
• Stiles, P., & Kulvisaechana, S. (2004). Human capital and performance in public sector. Judge Institute of Management, University of Cambridge, Cambridge.
• Suryantini, N. P. S., Aisjah, S., & Ratnawati, K. (2024). Enhancing Sustainable Competitive Advantage in SMEs: Aligning Intellectual Capital and Business Performance Model. Calitatea, 25(198), 299-314.
• Sveiby, Karl Erik. The New Organizational Wealth: Managing & Measuring Knowledge-Based Assets. Berrett-Koehler Publishers, (1997).
• Tidd, Joe. "Integrating technological market and organizational change." Managing innovation (2005).
• Truong, B. T. T., Nguyen, P. V., Vrontis, D., & Inuwa, I. (2024). Exploring the interplay of intellectual capital, environmental compliance, innovation and social media usage in enhancing business performance in Vietnamese manufacturers. Journal of Intellectual Capital.
• Wang, T., & Zatzick, C. D. (2019). Human capital acquisition and organizational innovation: A temporal perspective. Academy of Management Journal, 62(1), 99-116.
• Yaseen, Saad G., Dima Dajani, and Yasmeen Hasan. "The İmpact of Intellectual Capital on The Competitive Advantage: Applied Study in Jordanian Telecommunication Companies." Computers in Human Behavior 62 (2016): 168-175.
• Zahedi, Mohammad Reza, and Shayan Naghdi Khanachah. "The Effect Of Knowledge Management Processes on Organizational Innovation Through Intellectual Capital Development in Iranian Industrial Organizations." Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management 12.1 (2020): 86-105.
• Zhang, J., Jehangir, F. N., Yang, L., Tahir, M. A., & Tabasum, S. (2024). Competitive Advantage and Firm Performance: The Role of Organizational Culture, Organizational Innovation, and Knowledge Sharing. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 1-27.
• Zhu, L., & Cheung, S. O. (2017). Harvesting competitiveness through building organizational innovation capacity. Journal of Management in Engineering, 33(5), 04017020.