Araştırma Makalesi
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Akademisyenin Mutluluk Düzeyine Etki Eden Faktörlerin Belirlenmesi: Ölçek Geliştirme Araştırması

Yıl 2022, , 319 - 345, 25.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.18657/yonveek.1033754

Öz

Araştırmanın amacı, para sevgisi, mesleki gelişim ve kariyer kaygısının Türk akademisyenlerin mutluluk düzeyleri üzerindeki ortak etkilerini araştırmaktır. Bu amaçla varsayılan ilişkileri incelemek için iki farklı ölçüm modeli oluşturulmuştur. Model 1’in bulgularına göre, a) mesleki gelişim, para sevgisi ve mutluluk düzeylerinin artmasına katkıda bulunur, b) para sevgisi mutluluk düzeylerinin artmasına katkıda bulunur ve c) mesleki gelişim ve mutluluk arasındaki ilişkide para sevgisinin aracılık rolü vardır. Kontrol değişkenlerinden sadece yaşın, yukarıda ifade edilen aracılık modeli üzerinde düzenleyici bir etkisi vardır. Model 2’nin bulgularına göre, d) kariyer kaygısı, para sevgisini artmasına mutluluk düzeyinin azalmasına neden olur, e) para sevgisi mutluluk düzeyi üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisi yoktur ve f) kariyer kaygısı ve mutluluk düzeyi arasındaki ilişkide para sevgisinin aracılık rolü yoktur. Kariyer kaygısının mutluluk düzeyi ilişkisinde yaş değişkeni düzenleyici etkiye sahiptir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Kariyer Kaygısı, Mutluluk Düzeyi, Para Sevgisi, Mesleki Gelişim
JEL Sınıflandırması: M10

Kaynakça

  • Anjum, N. & Islam, A. (2021). Workplace Happiness: Exploring the Factors Shaping Academics’ Subjective Well-being. Journal of Management in Practice, 6(1), 1-23.
  • Bagozzi, R. (2020). Some thoughts on happiness, well-being, and a meaningful life for academics. Continuing to Broaden the Marketing Concept Review of Marketing Research, 17, 137-169.
  • Bartram, D. (2012). Elements of a sociological contribution to happiness studies. Sociology Compass, 6(8), 644-656.
  • Baştürk, S. & Taştepe, M. (2013). Evren ve örneklem. S. Baştürk (Ed.), Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri (129-159). Ankara: Vize Yayıncılık.
  • Benuyenah, V. & Pandya, B. (2020). Measuring employee happiness in the UAE-integrating organisational data into the national statistics. International Review of Management and Marketing, 10(3), 83-92.
  • Boo,S., Kim, M. & Kim, S-H. (2021). The relationship among undergraduate students career anxiety, choice goals, and academic performance. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Education, 1-16.
  • Cameron, A. & Woods, C. (2016). A Proposed Ladder of Learning for Academics Professional Development in Teaching. South African Journal of Higher Education, 30(6), 176-190.
  • Chakraborty, I., Hu, P. J-H. & Cui, D. (2008). Examining the effects of cognitive style in individuals technology use decision making. Decision Support Systems, 45, 228-241.
  • Coulthard, D. & Keller, S. (2016). Publication Anxiety, Quality, and Journal Rankings: Researcher Views. Austealasian Journal of Information Systems, 20, 1-22.
  • Daniels, L. M., Stewart, T. L., Stupnisky, R. H., Perry, R. P. & Verso, T. L. (2011). Relieving Career Anxiety and Indecision: The Role of Undergraduate Students Perceived Control and Faculty Affiliations. Social Psychology of Education, 14, 409-426.
  • Danish, R. Q., Khan, M. K., Shahid, A. U., Raza, I. & Humayon, A. A. (2015). Effect of intrinsic rewards on task performance of employees: Mediating role of motivation. International Journal of Organizational Leadership, 4, 33-46.
  • Dilger, A., Lütkenhöner, L. & Müller, H. (2015). Scholars’ physical appearance, research performance, and feelings of happiness. Scientometrics, 104, 555-573.
  • Etikan, I., Musa, S. A. & Alkassim, R. S. (2016). Comparison of convenience sampling and purposive sampling. American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 5(1), 1-4.
  • Ferman, T. (2002). Academic professional development practice: What lecturers find valuable. The International Journal for Academic Development, 7(2), 146-158.
  • Fornell, C. & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50.
  • Foster, Elissa (2017). Academic labor in the age of Anxiety: Autoethnography matters. Cultural Studies Critical Methodologies, 1-7.
  • Fuqua, D. R., Seaworth, T. B. & Newman, J. L. (1987). The relationship of career indecision and anxiety: A multivariate examination. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 30, 175-186.
  • Ghadi, M. Y. & Almaga’h, K. S. (2020). The role of job crafting in the relationship between empowering leadership and happiness at work: An empirical analysis. Business: Theory and Practice, 21(1), 244-251.
  • Graham, C. & Pozuelo, J. R. (2017). Happiness, stress and age: How the U curve varies across people and places. Journal of Population Economics, 30(1), 225-264.
  • Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M. & Sarstedt, M. (2011). PLS-SEM: Indeed a silver bullet. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 19(2), 139-151.
  • Hall, R. & Bowles, K. (2016). Re-Engineering Higher Education: The subsumption of academic labour and the exploitation of anxiety. Workplace, 28, 30-47.
  • Hayes, A. F. (2009). Beyond Baron and Kenny: Statistical mediation analysis in the new millennium. Communication Monographs, 76(4), 408-420.
  • Hayes, A. F. (2018). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. Ed. T. D. Little, Second Edition, New York: The Guilford Press.
  • Henseler, J., Hubona, G. & Ray, P. A. (2016). Using PLS path modeling in new technology research: Updated guidelines. Industrial Management & Data System, 116(1), 2-20.
  • Holdsworth, S., Wyborn, C., Bekessy, S. & Thomas, I. (2008). Professional Development for Education for Sustainability: How Advanced are Australian Universities? International Journal of Sustainability, 9(2), 131-146.
  • Kanbul, S. & Guldal, N. K. (2019). The results of needs analysis for a mobile application which will be developed with the purpose of supporting the intra-faculty communication and professional development of Academics. World Journal on Educational Technology: Current Issues, 11(1), 10-20.
  • Krejcie, R. V. & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30, 607-610.
  • Kubatova, J. (2019). Does academic publishing lead to work-related stres sor happiness? Publications, 7(66), 1-11.
  • Ledesma, R. D. & Valero-Mora, P. (2007). Determining the number of factors to retain in EFA: An easy-to-use computer program for carrying out parallel analysis. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, 12(2), 1-11.
  • Lee, T-Y., Hsing, S-C. & Li, C-C. (2021). An improved strees-scale specifically designed to measure stress of women with newly diagnosed breast cancer. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18, 1-12.
  • Luna-Arocas, R. & Tang, T. L-P. (2004). The love of money, satisfaction, and the protestant work ethic: Money profiles among university professors in the U.S.A. and Spain. Journal of Business Ethics, 50(4), 329-354.
  • Mamun, A. A., Muniady, R. A/L, Ibrahim, M. A. H. B. & Nawi, N. B. C. (2018). Effect of economic vulnerability on entrepreneurial competencies among Malaysian micro-entrepreneurs. Asia Pasific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 12(2), 222-237.
  • Manchanda, A. & Mukherjee, S. (2014). Validation of DeLone and McLean model to analyze decision support systems success in the banking sector of Oman. International Journal of Computers & Technology, 13(12), 5210-5221.
  • Musingafi, M. C. C. & Mafumbate, R. (2014). Challenges and prospects for school based mentoring in the professional development of student teachers in Zimbabwe: Academics, mentees and mentors perceptions. Asian Journal of Econoımics and Empirical Research, 1(2), 32-39.
  • Omar, M. K., Ramdani, N. F. S. M., Mohd, I. H. & Hussein, N. (2018). Organizational happiness index (OHI): A study of a public University Malaysia. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Scşences, 8(11), 1984-1994.
  • Ozbek, M. F. (2010). Yatay ve dikey bireycilik & kolektivizm ile para etiği ilişkisi: Türk ve Kırgız üniversite öğrencileri üzerinde karşılaştırmalı bir araştırma. Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10(3), 23-42.
  • Pouyaud, J., Vignoli, E., Dosnon, O. & Lallemand, N. (2012). Career Adapt-Abilities Scale-France form: Psychometric Properties and Relationships to Anxiety and Motivation. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80, 692-697.
  • Rahman, I. A., Memon, A. H., Azis, A. A. A. & Abdullah, N. H. (2013). Modeling causes of cost overrun inlarge construction projects with Partial Least Square-SEM aproach: Contractor’s perspective. Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology, 5(6), 1963-1972.
  • Sani, A. (2013). Role of procedural justice, organizational commitment and job satisfaction on job performance: The mediating effects of organizational citizenship behavior. International Journal of Business and Management, 8(15), 57-67.
  • Sardzoska, E. G. & Tang, T. L-P. (2015). Monetary intelligence: Money attitudes-unethical intentions, intrinsic and extrinsic job satisfaction, and coping strategies across public and private sectors in Macedonia. Journal of Business Ethics, 130(1), 93-115.
  • Schreiber, J. B., Stage, F. K., King, J., Nora, A. & Barlow, E. A. (2006). Reporting structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis results: A review. The Journal of Educational Research, 99(6), 323-337.
  • Steel, P. & Ones, D. S. (2002). Personality and happiness: A national-level analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83(3), 767-781.
  • Suryani, N. K., Sarmawa, I W. G. & Wardana, M. (2014). Work family conflict, jobstress and job performance (Case study Spa employee in Bali). European Journal of Business and Management, 6(32), 189-195.
  • Taherdoost, H. (2016). Sampling methods in research methodology; how to choose a sampling technique for research. International Journal of Academic Research in Management, 5(2), 18-27.
  • Tang, T. L-P, Luna-Arocas, R., Sutarso, T. & Tang, D. S-H. (2004). Does the love of money moderate and mediate the income-pay satisfaction relationship? Journal of Managerial Psychology, 19(2), 11-135.
  • Tang, T. L-P, Luna-Arocas, R. & Sutarso, T. (2005). From income to pay satisfaction: The love of money and pay equity comparison as mediators and culture (the United States and Spain) and gender as moderators. Management Research, 3(1), 7-26.
  • Tang, T. L-P, Sutarso, T., Akande, A., Allen, M. W., Alzubaidi, A. S., Ansari, M. A. vd. (2006). The love of money and pay level satisfaction: measurement and functional equivalence in 29 geopolitical entities around the World. Management and Organization Review, 2(3), 423-452.
  • Tang, T. L-P & Liu, H. (2012). Love of money and unethical behavior intention: Does and authentic Supervisor’s personal integrity and character (ASPIRE) make a difference? Journal of Business Ethics, 107(3), 295-312.
  • Tang, T. L-P & Chiu, R. K. (2003). Income, money ethic, pay satisfaction, commitment, and unethical behavior: Is the love of money the root of evil for Hong Kong employees? Journal of Business Ethics, 46, 13-30.
  • Thevanes, N. & Jathurika, M. (2021). Employee happiness and its relationship with job satisfaction: An empirical study of academic staff in a selected Sri Lankan University. Asian Journal of Social Science and Management Technology, 3(1), 34-43.
  • Tsou, M-W. & Liu, J-T. (2001). Happiness and domain satisfaction in Taiwan. Journal of Happiness Studies, 2, 269-288.
  • Vignoli, E. (2015). Career indecision and career exploration among older french adolescents: The specific role of general trait anxiety and future school and career anxiety. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 89, 182-191.
  • Walker, C. O., Winn, T. D. & Lutjens, R. M. (2012). Examining relationships between academic and social achievement goals and routes to happines. Education Research International, 1-7.
  • Widiani, N. P., Putri, I G. A. M. A. D., Sari, M. M. R. & Wirajaya, I G. A. (2019). The effect of love of money and emotional intelligence on employee performance with organizational citizenship behavior as mediating variable. International Research Journal of Engineering, IT & Scientific Research, 5(1), 39-49.
  • Wismantoro, Y., Himawan, H. & Widiyatmoko, K. (2020). Measuring the interest of smartphone usage by using technology acceptance model approach. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(9), 613-620.
  • Zeleke, A. S. (2012). Continuous Professional development program for higher education academics in Ethiopia. Views, perceived needed competencies and Organization in Focus. Greener Journal of Educational Research, 2(3), 27-41.
  • Zhao, X., Lync, J. G. & Chen, Q. (2010). Reconsidering Baron and Kenny: Myths and Truths about Mediation Analysis. Journal of Consumer Research, 37(2), 197-206.
  • Zou, T. X. P. (2019). Community-based Professional development for academics: A phenomenographic study. Studies in Higher Education, 44(11), 1975-1989.

Determination of Factors Affecting Academician's Happiness Level: Scale Development Research

Yıl 2022, , 319 - 345, 25.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.18657/yonveek.1033754

Öz

The purpose of the current study is to explore the joint effects of the love of money, professional development, and career anxiety on Turkish academics’ levels of happiness. To that end, we have constructed two different measurement models to examine the hypothesized relationships. According to the findings of Model 1, a) professional development contributes to increased levels of love of money, and happiness, b) the love of money contributes to increased levels of happiness, and c) love of money has a mediating role in the relationship between professional development and happiness. Of the control variables, only age has a moderating effect (buffering) on the aforementioned mediation model. According to the findings of Model 2, d) career anxiety causes the love of money to increase and happiness level to decrease, e) love of money has no significant effect on happiness level, and f) love of money does not have a mediating role in the relationship between career anxiety and happiness level. The age variable has a moderator effect on the relationship between career anxiety and happiness level.
Key Words: Career Anxiety, Happiness Level, Love of Money, Professional Development
JEL Classification: M10

Kaynakça

  • Anjum, N. & Islam, A. (2021). Workplace Happiness: Exploring the Factors Shaping Academics’ Subjective Well-being. Journal of Management in Practice, 6(1), 1-23.
  • Bagozzi, R. (2020). Some thoughts on happiness, well-being, and a meaningful life for academics. Continuing to Broaden the Marketing Concept Review of Marketing Research, 17, 137-169.
  • Bartram, D. (2012). Elements of a sociological contribution to happiness studies. Sociology Compass, 6(8), 644-656.
  • Baştürk, S. & Taştepe, M. (2013). Evren ve örneklem. S. Baştürk (Ed.), Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri (129-159). Ankara: Vize Yayıncılık.
  • Benuyenah, V. & Pandya, B. (2020). Measuring employee happiness in the UAE-integrating organisational data into the national statistics. International Review of Management and Marketing, 10(3), 83-92.
  • Boo,S., Kim, M. & Kim, S-H. (2021). The relationship among undergraduate students career anxiety, choice goals, and academic performance. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Education, 1-16.
  • Cameron, A. & Woods, C. (2016). A Proposed Ladder of Learning for Academics Professional Development in Teaching. South African Journal of Higher Education, 30(6), 176-190.
  • Chakraborty, I., Hu, P. J-H. & Cui, D. (2008). Examining the effects of cognitive style in individuals technology use decision making. Decision Support Systems, 45, 228-241.
  • Coulthard, D. & Keller, S. (2016). Publication Anxiety, Quality, and Journal Rankings: Researcher Views. Austealasian Journal of Information Systems, 20, 1-22.
  • Daniels, L. M., Stewart, T. L., Stupnisky, R. H., Perry, R. P. & Verso, T. L. (2011). Relieving Career Anxiety and Indecision: The Role of Undergraduate Students Perceived Control and Faculty Affiliations. Social Psychology of Education, 14, 409-426.
  • Danish, R. Q., Khan, M. K., Shahid, A. U., Raza, I. & Humayon, A. A. (2015). Effect of intrinsic rewards on task performance of employees: Mediating role of motivation. International Journal of Organizational Leadership, 4, 33-46.
  • Dilger, A., Lütkenhöner, L. & Müller, H. (2015). Scholars’ physical appearance, research performance, and feelings of happiness. Scientometrics, 104, 555-573.
  • Etikan, I., Musa, S. A. & Alkassim, R. S. (2016). Comparison of convenience sampling and purposive sampling. American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 5(1), 1-4.
  • Ferman, T. (2002). Academic professional development practice: What lecturers find valuable. The International Journal for Academic Development, 7(2), 146-158.
  • Fornell, C. & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50.
  • Foster, Elissa (2017). Academic labor in the age of Anxiety: Autoethnography matters. Cultural Studies Critical Methodologies, 1-7.
  • Fuqua, D. R., Seaworth, T. B. & Newman, J. L. (1987). The relationship of career indecision and anxiety: A multivariate examination. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 30, 175-186.
  • Ghadi, M. Y. & Almaga’h, K. S. (2020). The role of job crafting in the relationship between empowering leadership and happiness at work: An empirical analysis. Business: Theory and Practice, 21(1), 244-251.
  • Graham, C. & Pozuelo, J. R. (2017). Happiness, stress and age: How the U curve varies across people and places. Journal of Population Economics, 30(1), 225-264.
  • Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M. & Sarstedt, M. (2011). PLS-SEM: Indeed a silver bullet. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 19(2), 139-151.
  • Hall, R. & Bowles, K. (2016). Re-Engineering Higher Education: The subsumption of academic labour and the exploitation of anxiety. Workplace, 28, 30-47.
  • Hayes, A. F. (2009). Beyond Baron and Kenny: Statistical mediation analysis in the new millennium. Communication Monographs, 76(4), 408-420.
  • Hayes, A. F. (2018). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. Ed. T. D. Little, Second Edition, New York: The Guilford Press.
  • Henseler, J., Hubona, G. & Ray, P. A. (2016). Using PLS path modeling in new technology research: Updated guidelines. Industrial Management & Data System, 116(1), 2-20.
  • Holdsworth, S., Wyborn, C., Bekessy, S. & Thomas, I. (2008). Professional Development for Education for Sustainability: How Advanced are Australian Universities? International Journal of Sustainability, 9(2), 131-146.
  • Kanbul, S. & Guldal, N. K. (2019). The results of needs analysis for a mobile application which will be developed with the purpose of supporting the intra-faculty communication and professional development of Academics. World Journal on Educational Technology: Current Issues, 11(1), 10-20.
  • Krejcie, R. V. & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30, 607-610.
  • Kubatova, J. (2019). Does academic publishing lead to work-related stres sor happiness? Publications, 7(66), 1-11.
  • Ledesma, R. D. & Valero-Mora, P. (2007). Determining the number of factors to retain in EFA: An easy-to-use computer program for carrying out parallel analysis. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, 12(2), 1-11.
  • Lee, T-Y., Hsing, S-C. & Li, C-C. (2021). An improved strees-scale specifically designed to measure stress of women with newly diagnosed breast cancer. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18, 1-12.
  • Luna-Arocas, R. & Tang, T. L-P. (2004). The love of money, satisfaction, and the protestant work ethic: Money profiles among university professors in the U.S.A. and Spain. Journal of Business Ethics, 50(4), 329-354.
  • Mamun, A. A., Muniady, R. A/L, Ibrahim, M. A. H. B. & Nawi, N. B. C. (2018). Effect of economic vulnerability on entrepreneurial competencies among Malaysian micro-entrepreneurs. Asia Pasific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 12(2), 222-237.
  • Manchanda, A. & Mukherjee, S. (2014). Validation of DeLone and McLean model to analyze decision support systems success in the banking sector of Oman. International Journal of Computers & Technology, 13(12), 5210-5221.
  • Musingafi, M. C. C. & Mafumbate, R. (2014). Challenges and prospects for school based mentoring in the professional development of student teachers in Zimbabwe: Academics, mentees and mentors perceptions. Asian Journal of Econoımics and Empirical Research, 1(2), 32-39.
  • Omar, M. K., Ramdani, N. F. S. M., Mohd, I. H. & Hussein, N. (2018). Organizational happiness index (OHI): A study of a public University Malaysia. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Scşences, 8(11), 1984-1994.
  • Ozbek, M. F. (2010). Yatay ve dikey bireycilik & kolektivizm ile para etiği ilişkisi: Türk ve Kırgız üniversite öğrencileri üzerinde karşılaştırmalı bir araştırma. Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10(3), 23-42.
  • Pouyaud, J., Vignoli, E., Dosnon, O. & Lallemand, N. (2012). Career Adapt-Abilities Scale-France form: Psychometric Properties and Relationships to Anxiety and Motivation. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80, 692-697.
  • Rahman, I. A., Memon, A. H., Azis, A. A. A. & Abdullah, N. H. (2013). Modeling causes of cost overrun inlarge construction projects with Partial Least Square-SEM aproach: Contractor’s perspective. Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology, 5(6), 1963-1972.
  • Sani, A. (2013). Role of procedural justice, organizational commitment and job satisfaction on job performance: The mediating effects of organizational citizenship behavior. International Journal of Business and Management, 8(15), 57-67.
  • Sardzoska, E. G. & Tang, T. L-P. (2015). Monetary intelligence: Money attitudes-unethical intentions, intrinsic and extrinsic job satisfaction, and coping strategies across public and private sectors in Macedonia. Journal of Business Ethics, 130(1), 93-115.
  • Schreiber, J. B., Stage, F. K., King, J., Nora, A. & Barlow, E. A. (2006). Reporting structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis results: A review. The Journal of Educational Research, 99(6), 323-337.
  • Steel, P. & Ones, D. S. (2002). Personality and happiness: A national-level analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83(3), 767-781.
  • Suryani, N. K., Sarmawa, I W. G. & Wardana, M. (2014). Work family conflict, jobstress and job performance (Case study Spa employee in Bali). European Journal of Business and Management, 6(32), 189-195.
  • Taherdoost, H. (2016). Sampling methods in research methodology; how to choose a sampling technique for research. International Journal of Academic Research in Management, 5(2), 18-27.
  • Tang, T. L-P, Luna-Arocas, R., Sutarso, T. & Tang, D. S-H. (2004). Does the love of money moderate and mediate the income-pay satisfaction relationship? Journal of Managerial Psychology, 19(2), 11-135.
  • Tang, T. L-P, Luna-Arocas, R. & Sutarso, T. (2005). From income to pay satisfaction: The love of money and pay equity comparison as mediators and culture (the United States and Spain) and gender as moderators. Management Research, 3(1), 7-26.
  • Tang, T. L-P, Sutarso, T., Akande, A., Allen, M. W., Alzubaidi, A. S., Ansari, M. A. vd. (2006). The love of money and pay level satisfaction: measurement and functional equivalence in 29 geopolitical entities around the World. Management and Organization Review, 2(3), 423-452.
  • Tang, T. L-P & Liu, H. (2012). Love of money and unethical behavior intention: Does and authentic Supervisor’s personal integrity and character (ASPIRE) make a difference? Journal of Business Ethics, 107(3), 295-312.
  • Tang, T. L-P & Chiu, R. K. (2003). Income, money ethic, pay satisfaction, commitment, and unethical behavior: Is the love of money the root of evil for Hong Kong employees? Journal of Business Ethics, 46, 13-30.
  • Thevanes, N. & Jathurika, M. (2021). Employee happiness and its relationship with job satisfaction: An empirical study of academic staff in a selected Sri Lankan University. Asian Journal of Social Science and Management Technology, 3(1), 34-43.
  • Tsou, M-W. & Liu, J-T. (2001). Happiness and domain satisfaction in Taiwan. Journal of Happiness Studies, 2, 269-288.
  • Vignoli, E. (2015). Career indecision and career exploration among older french adolescents: The specific role of general trait anxiety and future school and career anxiety. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 89, 182-191.
  • Walker, C. O., Winn, T. D. & Lutjens, R. M. (2012). Examining relationships between academic and social achievement goals and routes to happines. Education Research International, 1-7.
  • Widiani, N. P., Putri, I G. A. M. A. D., Sari, M. M. R. & Wirajaya, I G. A. (2019). The effect of love of money and emotional intelligence on employee performance with organizational citizenship behavior as mediating variable. International Research Journal of Engineering, IT & Scientific Research, 5(1), 39-49.
  • Wismantoro, Y., Himawan, H. & Widiyatmoko, K. (2020). Measuring the interest of smartphone usage by using technology acceptance model approach. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(9), 613-620.
  • Zeleke, A. S. (2012). Continuous Professional development program for higher education academics in Ethiopia. Views, perceived needed competencies and Organization in Focus. Greener Journal of Educational Research, 2(3), 27-41.
  • Zhao, X., Lync, J. G. & Chen, Q. (2010). Reconsidering Baron and Kenny: Myths and Truths about Mediation Analysis. Journal of Consumer Research, 37(2), 197-206.
  • Zou, T. X. P. (2019). Community-based Professional development for academics: A phenomenographic study. Studies in Higher Education, 44(11), 1975-1989.
Toplam 58 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

İbrahim Durmuş 0000-0002-3872-2258

Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Haziran 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022

Kaynak Göster

APA Durmuş, İ. (2022). Determination of Factors Affecting Academician’s Happiness Level: Scale Development Research. Journal of Management and Economics, 29(2), 319-345. https://doi.org/10.18657/yonveek.1033754