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Business to Business (B2B) Electronic Marketplaces and Applicability in Developing Countries Foreign Trade

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 3, 691 - 709, 28.12.2016
https://doi.org/10.18657/yonveek.281808

Öz

Liberal commercial applications that spread all over
the world lead to increase in international commercial activities and also cause
changes in production and consumption patterns. Differences among countries’
development levels do not make much difference in countries’ overall economic
purposes. While developed countries try to grow-up more, developing countries
are willing to grow-up and develop at the same time. Achievement of this common
goal depends on countries’ ability to increase their economic competitiveness.
To improve the
competitiveness of an economy in both domestic and foreign markets, no matter
what their development levels are, is closely related with finding new markets
and minimizing the costs. Electronic marketplaces applications, which is accepted
as one of the modern marketing techniques has played an important role on firms
and countries in achieving these two positive externalities.



This study issues that electronic marketplaces which
bring together buyer and seller that do not know or be aware of in chance to
each other. In this context, business to business electronic marketplaces were
committed in the name of foreign trade achievement and reliability criteria.
Therefore, while alibabagroup.co which has the most number of participants in
the world electronic marketplace application is being evaluated, there is also
a brief assessment about some of prominent B2B electronic marketplaces in
Turkey and the world.

Kaynakça

  • Anderson, E. and Weitz, B. (1989). Determinants of Continuity in Conventional Industrial Channel Dyads. Marketing Science. Vol. 8 No. 4, 310-323.
  • Avlonitis, G. J. and Karayanni, D. A. (2000). The Impact of Internet Use on Business-to-Business Marketing: Examples from American and European Companies, Industrial Marketing Management. Volume 29, Issue 5, September 2000, 441–459
  • Bakos, Y.J. (2009). A Strategic Analysis of Electronic Marketplaces http://pages.stern.nyu.edu/~bakos/stratemkts.pdf
  • Başaran Özdemir, F., Törenli, N. Ve Kıyan, Z. (2010) Türkiye-Avrupa Birliği Dış Ticaret İlişkileri Açısından E-Ticaret Modeli ve Düzenleyici Rejim-Yapı. Ankara Avrupa Çalışmaları Dergisi. C.9. No.2, 117-143.
  • Behkamal, B.; Kahani, M. And Akbari, M.K. (2009). Customizing ISO 9126 Quality Model for Evaluation of B2B Applications. Information of Software Technology. 51, 599-609.
  • Bozkurt, V. (2000) Elektronik Ticaret. İstanbul: Alfa.
  • Chaffey, D. (2007). E-Business and E-Commerce Management: Strategy, Implementation and Practice. Harlow: Pearson Education.
  • Calantone, R. J. ; Di Benedetto, C. A. and Song, M. (2010). The impact of industry environment on early market entry decisions by B2B managers in the U.S. and Japan. Industrial Marketing Management 39 (2010), 832–843.
  • Chan, C. and Swatmann, P.M.C. (1996). From EDI to Internet Commerce: the BHP Steel Experience. Internet Research, Vol. 10 Iss: 1, 72 - 83
  • Doney, P.M.; Barry, J.M. and Abratt, R. (2007). Trust Determinants and Outcomes in Global B2B Services. European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 41 Iss 9/10 pp. 1096 – 1116
  • Duggan, M. and Deveney, J. (2000). How to Make Internet Marketing Simple. Communication World, Vol 17, No.4, 58-61.
  • Eid, R.; Trueman, M. and Ahmed, A.M. (2002). A Cross-Industry Review of B2B Critical Success Factors. İnternet Research: Electronic Networking Applications and Policy, V.12, N.2, 110-123.
  • Ene, S. (2002). Elektronik Ticarette Tüketicinin Korunması ve Bir Uygulama. Ankara: Pusula.
  • Ersun, N. ve Arslan, K. (2011). Akdeniz Ülkeleri Arasında oluşturulan Elektronik Gıda Pazarı Projesinin Uygulanmasını Engelleyen Unsurlar ve Çözüm Önerileri. Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Ocak 2011, Cilt 1, Sayı 1, 181-204.
  • Furnell, S.M. and Karweni, T. (1999). Security Implications of Electronic Commerce: A Survey of Consumers and Businesse. Internet Research, Vol. 9 Iss: 5, 372 – 382.
  • Gökgül, M. (2010). Türkiye’de Elektronik Ticaret ve İşletmelere, Tüketicilere Sağladığı Avantajlar ve Dezavantajlar, T.C. İstanbul Kültür Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İşletme Programı Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul.
  • Guo, J.; Lam, I.H.; Lei, I.; Guan; X.; Iong, P.H. and Ieong, M.C. (2006). Alibaba International: Building a Global Electronic Marketplace, e-Business Engineering, ICEBE '06. IEEE International Conference, 545-548.
  • Güleş, H.K. (2000). Bilişim Sistemlerinin Toplam Kalite Yönetimindeki Yeri ve Önemi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 15(1), 23-29.
  • İyiler, Z. (2009) Elektronik Ticaret ve Pazarlama, İhracatta İnternet Zamanı. Ankara: İGEME.
  • Kioses, E., Pramatari, K. ve Doukidis, G. (2006). Factors Affecting Perceived Impact of Electronic Marketplaces. 19th Bled eConference eValues. http://ecom.fov.unimb.si/proceedings.nsf/0/b637bd873ace4813c125718000313df6/$FILE/15_Kioses.pdf
  • Kshetri, N. and Dholakia, N. (2002). Determinants of the Global Diffusion of B2B E-commerce. Electronic Markets. Volume 12, Issue 2.
  • Küçükyılmazlar, A. (2006). Elektronik Ticaret Rehberi. İstanbul Ticaret Odası, Yayın No: 2006-3.
  • Lancastre, A. & Lages, L.F. (2006). The Relationship between Buyer and a B2B E-Marketplace: Cooperation Determinantsin an Electronic Market Context. Industrial Marketing Management, 35, 774-789.
  • Leroux, N, Wortmann, M and Mathias, E., 2001. Dominant Factors Impacting on the Development of Buisnes-to-Buisness e-Commerce in agriculture. International Food and Agribusiness Management Review 4(2001), 205-218.
  • Lieberman, M. B., & Montgomery, D. B. (1998). First-Mover (dis)Advantages: Retrospective and Link with The Resource-Based View. Strategic Management Journal. 19(12), 1111−1116
  • Martinsons, M.G. (2002). Electronic Commerce in China: Emerging Success Stories. Information & Management. 39 (2002) 571–579.
  • Metin, İ. (2012). Yeni Ekonomide İşletmeden İşletmeye (B2B) Elektronik Pazaryerleri: Güvenilirlik ve Güvenlik Çelişkisi. Nuray Terzi (Ed.), Yeni Ekonomi (s.151-182), İstanbul: Beta.
  • Michaelidou, N., Siamagka, N.K. & Christodoulides, G. (2011). Usage, Barriers and Measurement of Social Media Marketing: An Exploratory Investigation of Small and Medium B2B Brands. Industrial Marketing Management. 40, 1153-1159.
  • Moodley, S., Morris,M. and Barnes, J. (2001). Unlocking Value in the "NewEconomy": E-Commerce in the Apparel and Automotive Value Chains. Paper read at TIPS Conference on New Directions in the South African Economy, at Johannesburg, South Africa. 10-12 September 2001.
  • Mueller, R. (2000). Emergent E-commerce in Agriculture. AIC Issues Brief, 14 (December). Davis: University of California,
  • Paré, D. (2001). 'Does This Site Deliver? B2B E-Commerce Services for Developing Countries', http://www.gapresearch.org/production/ecommerce.html. (erişim 19.02.2016).
  • Payne, J. (2008). E-Commerce Readiness for SMEs in Developing Countries: A Guide for Development Professionals. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265206373_E-commerce_Readiness_for_SMEs_in_Developing_Countries_A_Guide_for_Development_Professionals (erişim 19.02.2016).
  • Song, X. M., Di Benedetto, C. A., and Zhao, Y. L. (1999). Pioneering advantages in manufacturing and service industries: Empirical evidence from nine countries. Strategic Management Journal. 20(9), 811−836.
  • Song, B. and Zhang, H. (2010). A New Operation Model of E-business, http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=5566157 (erişim 19.02.2016).
  • Sucuoğlu, S. (2008). Elektronik Ticaretin KOBİ’lerde Kullanımı Aydın Merkez Örneği, Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Aydın.
  • Şahin, A. ve Demir, H. (2011) Elektronik Ticaret ve Elektronik Pazarlamanın KOBİ'lere Sağlayabileceği Avantajlar. http://www.emu.edu.tr/smeconf/turkcepdf/bildiri_17.pdf (erişim 19.02.2016).
  • Tai, J. (2011). B2B 10 Rules to Transform Your Business into a Brand. Marshall Cavendish Business, Singapore.
  • Tregurtha, N. and Vink, N. (2002). B2B E-Commerce and the South African Horticultural Export Industry: current status and future directions. http://www.ids.ac.uk/idspublication/b2b-e-commerce-and-the-south-african-horticultural-export-industry-current-status-and-future-directions, (erişim 18.02.2016).
  • Vargo, S.L. and Lusch, R.F. (2011). It’s All B2B…and Beyond: Toward a Systems Perspective of the Market. Industrial Marketing Management. 40, 181-187.
  • Violino, B. (2002). Building B2B Trust. Computer-World. June, 32.
  • Zhao, J.; Wang, S. and Huang, W.V. (2008). A Study of B2B E-Market in China: E-Commerce Process Perspective, Information & Management. 45, 242–248.

İşletmeden İşletmeye (B2B) Elektronik Pazaryerleri ve Gelişmekte Olan Ülkelerin Dış Ticaretinde Uygulanabilirliği

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 3, 691 - 709, 28.12.2016
https://doi.org/10.18657/yonveek.281808

Öz

Tüm
dünyada yaygınlaşan liberal ticari uygulamalar ülkeler arasında ticari
faaliyetlerin artmasına, ayrıca üretim ve tüketim kalıplarının değişmesine
sebep olmaktadır. Ülkelerin gelişmişlik düzeylerinin farklı olması ise genel
ekonomik amaçlar üzerinde çok fazla farklılık yaratmamaktadır. Gelişmiş ülkeler
daha çok büyümek isterken, gelişmekte olan ülkeler hem büyümek hem de kalkınmak
arzusundadır. Bu ortak amaca ulaşabilmek ise büyük ölçüde ekonomilerin rekabet
güçlerini artırabilmelerine bağlıdır. Gelişmişlik düzeyleri fark etmeksizin,
bir ekonominin gerek iç gerekse dış pazarlarda rekabet gücünü artırabilmesi,
maliyetlerini en düşük seviyeye çekebilmesi ve yeni pazarlar bulabilmesi ile
yakından ilişkilidir. Modern pazarlama tekniklerinden birisi olarak kabul
edilen elektronik pazaryeri uygulamaları firma ve ülkelerin bu iki pozitif
dışsallığı elde edebilmesinde önemli bir rol üstlenmektedir.



Bu
çalışmanın konusunu; birbirinden ya daha önce hiç haberi olmayan, ya da
tesadüfi olarak haberdar olmuş alıcı ve satıcıları merkezi bir sanal ortamda
buluşturan elektronik pazaryerleri oluşturmaktadır. Bu bağlamda işletmeden
işletmeye (business to busines-B2B) elektronik pazaryerlerinin dış ticaret
açısından başarı ve güvenilirlik kriterleri incelenmektedir. Ayrıca dünyanın en
fazla katılımcısına sahip alibabagroup.com isimli elektronik pazaryeri
uygulaması ayrıntılı olarak değerlendirilirken, Türkiye ve dünyada öne çıkan
bazı B2B elektronik pazaryerleri hakkında da kısa bir değerlendirme
yapılmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Anderson, E. and Weitz, B. (1989). Determinants of Continuity in Conventional Industrial Channel Dyads. Marketing Science. Vol. 8 No. 4, 310-323.
  • Avlonitis, G. J. and Karayanni, D. A. (2000). The Impact of Internet Use on Business-to-Business Marketing: Examples from American and European Companies, Industrial Marketing Management. Volume 29, Issue 5, September 2000, 441–459
  • Bakos, Y.J. (2009). A Strategic Analysis of Electronic Marketplaces http://pages.stern.nyu.edu/~bakos/stratemkts.pdf
  • Başaran Özdemir, F., Törenli, N. Ve Kıyan, Z. (2010) Türkiye-Avrupa Birliği Dış Ticaret İlişkileri Açısından E-Ticaret Modeli ve Düzenleyici Rejim-Yapı. Ankara Avrupa Çalışmaları Dergisi. C.9. No.2, 117-143.
  • Behkamal, B.; Kahani, M. And Akbari, M.K. (2009). Customizing ISO 9126 Quality Model for Evaluation of B2B Applications. Information of Software Technology. 51, 599-609.
  • Bozkurt, V. (2000) Elektronik Ticaret. İstanbul: Alfa.
  • Chaffey, D. (2007). E-Business and E-Commerce Management: Strategy, Implementation and Practice. Harlow: Pearson Education.
  • Calantone, R. J. ; Di Benedetto, C. A. and Song, M. (2010). The impact of industry environment on early market entry decisions by B2B managers in the U.S. and Japan. Industrial Marketing Management 39 (2010), 832–843.
  • Chan, C. and Swatmann, P.M.C. (1996). From EDI to Internet Commerce: the BHP Steel Experience. Internet Research, Vol. 10 Iss: 1, 72 - 83
  • Doney, P.M.; Barry, J.M. and Abratt, R. (2007). Trust Determinants and Outcomes in Global B2B Services. European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 41 Iss 9/10 pp. 1096 – 1116
  • Duggan, M. and Deveney, J. (2000). How to Make Internet Marketing Simple. Communication World, Vol 17, No.4, 58-61.
  • Eid, R.; Trueman, M. and Ahmed, A.M. (2002). A Cross-Industry Review of B2B Critical Success Factors. İnternet Research: Electronic Networking Applications and Policy, V.12, N.2, 110-123.
  • Ene, S. (2002). Elektronik Ticarette Tüketicinin Korunması ve Bir Uygulama. Ankara: Pusula.
  • Ersun, N. ve Arslan, K. (2011). Akdeniz Ülkeleri Arasında oluşturulan Elektronik Gıda Pazarı Projesinin Uygulanmasını Engelleyen Unsurlar ve Çözüm Önerileri. Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Ocak 2011, Cilt 1, Sayı 1, 181-204.
  • Furnell, S.M. and Karweni, T. (1999). Security Implications of Electronic Commerce: A Survey of Consumers and Businesse. Internet Research, Vol. 9 Iss: 5, 372 – 382.
  • Gökgül, M. (2010). Türkiye’de Elektronik Ticaret ve İşletmelere, Tüketicilere Sağladığı Avantajlar ve Dezavantajlar, T.C. İstanbul Kültür Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İşletme Programı Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul.
  • Guo, J.; Lam, I.H.; Lei, I.; Guan; X.; Iong, P.H. and Ieong, M.C. (2006). Alibaba International: Building a Global Electronic Marketplace, e-Business Engineering, ICEBE '06. IEEE International Conference, 545-548.
  • Güleş, H.K. (2000). Bilişim Sistemlerinin Toplam Kalite Yönetimindeki Yeri ve Önemi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 15(1), 23-29.
  • İyiler, Z. (2009) Elektronik Ticaret ve Pazarlama, İhracatta İnternet Zamanı. Ankara: İGEME.
  • Kioses, E., Pramatari, K. ve Doukidis, G. (2006). Factors Affecting Perceived Impact of Electronic Marketplaces. 19th Bled eConference eValues. http://ecom.fov.unimb.si/proceedings.nsf/0/b637bd873ace4813c125718000313df6/$FILE/15_Kioses.pdf
  • Kshetri, N. and Dholakia, N. (2002). Determinants of the Global Diffusion of B2B E-commerce. Electronic Markets. Volume 12, Issue 2.
  • Küçükyılmazlar, A. (2006). Elektronik Ticaret Rehberi. İstanbul Ticaret Odası, Yayın No: 2006-3.
  • Lancastre, A. & Lages, L.F. (2006). The Relationship between Buyer and a B2B E-Marketplace: Cooperation Determinantsin an Electronic Market Context. Industrial Marketing Management, 35, 774-789.
  • Leroux, N, Wortmann, M and Mathias, E., 2001. Dominant Factors Impacting on the Development of Buisnes-to-Buisness e-Commerce in agriculture. International Food and Agribusiness Management Review 4(2001), 205-218.
  • Lieberman, M. B., & Montgomery, D. B. (1998). First-Mover (dis)Advantages: Retrospective and Link with The Resource-Based View. Strategic Management Journal. 19(12), 1111−1116
  • Martinsons, M.G. (2002). Electronic Commerce in China: Emerging Success Stories. Information & Management. 39 (2002) 571–579.
  • Metin, İ. (2012). Yeni Ekonomide İşletmeden İşletmeye (B2B) Elektronik Pazaryerleri: Güvenilirlik ve Güvenlik Çelişkisi. Nuray Terzi (Ed.), Yeni Ekonomi (s.151-182), İstanbul: Beta.
  • Michaelidou, N., Siamagka, N.K. & Christodoulides, G. (2011). Usage, Barriers and Measurement of Social Media Marketing: An Exploratory Investigation of Small and Medium B2B Brands. Industrial Marketing Management. 40, 1153-1159.
  • Moodley, S., Morris,M. and Barnes, J. (2001). Unlocking Value in the "NewEconomy": E-Commerce in the Apparel and Automotive Value Chains. Paper read at TIPS Conference on New Directions in the South African Economy, at Johannesburg, South Africa. 10-12 September 2001.
  • Mueller, R. (2000). Emergent E-commerce in Agriculture. AIC Issues Brief, 14 (December). Davis: University of California,
  • Paré, D. (2001). 'Does This Site Deliver? B2B E-Commerce Services for Developing Countries', http://www.gapresearch.org/production/ecommerce.html. (erişim 19.02.2016).
  • Payne, J. (2008). E-Commerce Readiness for SMEs in Developing Countries: A Guide for Development Professionals. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265206373_E-commerce_Readiness_for_SMEs_in_Developing_Countries_A_Guide_for_Development_Professionals (erişim 19.02.2016).
  • Song, X. M., Di Benedetto, C. A., and Zhao, Y. L. (1999). Pioneering advantages in manufacturing and service industries: Empirical evidence from nine countries. Strategic Management Journal. 20(9), 811−836.
  • Song, B. and Zhang, H. (2010). A New Operation Model of E-business, http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=5566157 (erişim 19.02.2016).
  • Sucuoğlu, S. (2008). Elektronik Ticaretin KOBİ’lerde Kullanımı Aydın Merkez Örneği, Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Aydın.
  • Şahin, A. ve Demir, H. (2011) Elektronik Ticaret ve Elektronik Pazarlamanın KOBİ'lere Sağlayabileceği Avantajlar. http://www.emu.edu.tr/smeconf/turkcepdf/bildiri_17.pdf (erişim 19.02.2016).
  • Tai, J. (2011). B2B 10 Rules to Transform Your Business into a Brand. Marshall Cavendish Business, Singapore.
  • Tregurtha, N. and Vink, N. (2002). B2B E-Commerce and the South African Horticultural Export Industry: current status and future directions. http://www.ids.ac.uk/idspublication/b2b-e-commerce-and-the-south-african-horticultural-export-industry-current-status-and-future-directions, (erişim 18.02.2016).
  • Vargo, S.L. and Lusch, R.F. (2011). It’s All B2B…and Beyond: Toward a Systems Perspective of the Market. Industrial Marketing Management. 40, 181-187.
  • Violino, B. (2002). Building B2B Trust. Computer-World. June, 32.
  • Zhao, J.; Wang, S. and Huang, W.V. (2008). A Study of B2B E-Market in China: E-Commerce Process Perspective, Information & Management. 45, 242–248.
Toplam 41 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Nurdan Kuşat

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Aralık 2016
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2016 Cilt: 23 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Kuşat, N. (2016). Business to Business (B2B) Electronic Marketplaces and Applicability in Developing Countries Foreign Trade. Journal of Management and Economics, 23(3), 691-709. https://doi.org/10.18657/yonveek.281808