Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

The investigation of agricultural status of registered functional plant artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus L.) of Hasanağa region plantations in Bursa province

Yıl 2023, , 647 - 663, 05.01.2024

Serhat Gürel , Mustafa Bıyıklı

https://doi.org/10.20289/zfdergi.1280894

Öz

Amaç: Bursa ili, Nilüfer ilçesi, Hasanağa mahallesinde enginar (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus L.) tarım topraklarının verimlilik durumlarının belirlenmesi.
Materyal ve Yöntem: Bu amaçla 20 adet bahçeden toprak, yaprak ve meyve örnekleri alınarak analiz edilmiştir.
Araştırma Bulguları: Topraklar 0-30 cm’de nötr ve 30-60 cm ise hafif alkali reaksiyondadır. Tuzluluk sorunu olmayan, orta bünyeli topraklardır. Toprakların yarısından fazlası orta seviyede kireçlidir. Yarısından fazlasının da OM içeriğinin %2 ve daha düşük seviyede olduğu belirlenmiştir. İncelenen toprakların özellikle 30-60 cm derinlikte %50’sinin N ile P ve %90’ının K konsantrasyonları düşük seviyede belirlenmiştir. Toprak ekstraklarının tamamında B konsantrasyonları düşük seviyede belirlenirken, %85’inin Ca konsantrasyonları yüksektir. Sodik olmadığı analiz edilen toprakların, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn ve Mn içerikleri iyi ya da yeterli konsantrasyonda belirlenmiştir. Enginar yaprağı ekstraktındaki makro element konsantrasyonları N>Mg>Na>Ca>K>P şekilde sıralanmaktadır. Mikroelement içerikleri değerlendirildiğinde; yaprakların mikro element içerikleri Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu şeklinde sıralanmaktadır.
Sonuç: Araştırma sonuçlarına göre enginar yetiştiriciliği yapılan topraklarda ve enginar yapraklarında K ve P içeriklerinin diğer elementlerin gerisinde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Enginar yaprak, çiçek tablası ve brakte yaprakların bitki besin elementi konsantrasyonları, enginar hakkında yapılan kimi araştırma sonuçları ile uyumludur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Plant nutrient content Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus L. artichokes macronutrient micronutrient soil fertility

Proje Numarası

FHIZ-2023-1416

Kaynakça

  • Akkal-Corfini, N., P. Robin, S. Menasseri-Aubry, M.S. Corson, J.P. Severe, J.M. Collet & T. Morvan, 2021. Fate of nitrogen from artichokeİ: (Cynara cardunculus L. var. scolymus L.) crop residues: A Review and lysimeter study. Nitrogen, 2 (1): 41-61. https://doi.org/10.3390/nitrogen2010004
  • Allahdadi, M., Y. Raei, B. Bahreininejad, A. Taghizadeh & S. Narimani, 2016. Effect of chemical and biological fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative yield of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.). Biological Forum-An International Journal, 8 (1): 500-508. ISSN No. (Online): 2249-3239.
  • Angelova, V., M.P. Nemska, G. Uzunova & L. Krustev, 2019. Chemical composition of cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L.) grown in South Bulgaria. AGROFOR International Journal, 4 (3): 100-110. Doi: 10.7251/Agreng1903100A
  • Anonymous, 1951. Soil Survey Manual (U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook). U.S. Gout Print Office, Washington D.C., No: 18, 209 p.
  • Anonymous, 1988. Türkiye Gübreler ve Gübreleme Rehberi (T.C.T.O.K.B. Köy Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü, Toprak ve Gübre Araştırma Enstitüsü). Genel yayın no: 151, Teknik yayın no: T-50, Ankara, 182 s.
  • Anonymous, 2020. Hasanağa enginarı. Türk Patent ve Marka Kurumu. (Web page: https://ci.turkpatent.gov.tr/cografi-isaretler/detay/38469) (Erişim tarihi: Ocak 2021).
  • Anwar, R.S.M., M.A. Mahmoud & N.H. Hussien, 2017. Effect of irrigation and potassium fertilizer on vegetative growth, yield and quality of globe artichoke plants under sandy soil conditions. Journal of Plant Production, 8 (11): 1267-1276. https://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpp.2017.41308
  • Archontoulis, S.V., P.C. Struik, J. Vos & N.G. Danalatos, 2010. Phenological growth stages of Cynara cardunculus: codification and description according to the BBCH scale. Annals of Appllied Biology, 156 (2): 253–270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.2009.00384.x
  • Archontoulis, S.V., J. Vos, X. Yin, L. Bastiaans, N.G. Danalatos & P.C. Struik, 2011. Temporal dynamics of light and nitrogen vertical distributions in canopies of sunflower, kenaf and cynara. Field Crops Research, 122 (3): 186–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2011.03.008
  • Ben Salem, M., H. Affes, K. Athmouni, K. Ksouda, R. Dhouibi, Z. Sahnoun, S. Hammami & K.M. Zeghal, 2017. Chemicals compositions, antioxidant and anti-ınflammatory activity of Cynara scolymus leaves extracts, and analysis of major bioactive polyphenols by HPLC. Hindawi, Article ID : 4951937, 14p, https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/4951937
  • Bianco. V.V., 1990. “Carciofo (Cynara scolymus L.), 209-251”. In: Orticoltura (Eds. V.V. Bianco & F. Pimpini), Patron Editore, Bologna (in Italian).
  • Biel, W., R. Witkowicz, E. Piątkowska & C. Podsiadło, 2020. Proximate composition, minerals and antioxidant activity of artichoke leaf extracts. Biological Trace Element Res., 194: 589–595. Doi: 10.1007/s12011-019-01806-3
  • Bouyoucos, G.J., 1951. A Recabliration of the hidrometer for marking mechanical analysis of Soil, Agronomy Journal, 43: 435-438.
  • Bremner, J.M., 1965. “Total nitrogen,1149-1178”. In: Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2, Chemical and Microbiological Properties, no 9 in the series Agronomy (Eds. C.A. Black). American Society of Agronomy Inc. Pub., Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
  • Ciancolini, A., 2012. Characterization and selection of globe artichoke and cardoon germplasm for biomass, food and biocompound production. PhD Thesis, Università Degli Studi Della Tuscia, Italy. 251p.
  • Colla, G., Y. Rouphael, M. Cardarelli, E. Svecova, E. Rea & L. Lucini, 2012. Effects of saline stress on mineral composition, phenolic acids and flavonoids in leaves of artichoke and cardoon genotypes grown in floating system. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 93 (5): 1119–1127, Doi: 10.1002/jsfa.5861
  • De Falco, E., A. Senatore, G. Roscigno & M. Pergola, 2022. The Artichoke “Bianco di Pertosa”: The Enhancement of crop residues through environmentally friendly uses. Horticulturae, 8 (10): 900. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8100900
  • Duarte, D., R. Figueiredo, S. Pereira & J. Pissarra, 2006. Structural characterization of the stigma style complex of Cynara cardunculus (Asteraceae) and immunolocalization of cardosins A and B during floral development. Canadian Journal of Botany, 84 (5): 737–749. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/B06-029
  • Duman, İ. & Y. Nas, 2020. Tohumdan konservelik enginar (Cynara scolymus L.) üretiminde verim ve kalite özelliklerindeki değişimin belirlenmesi. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, Özel Sayı: 1-7, Doi: 10.20289/zfdergi.703747
  • Elia, A. & P. Santamaria, 1994. Influence of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on artichoke transplanting growth. Agronomy Media, 124: 106-111.
  • Elia, A. & G. Conversa, 2007. “Mineral nutrition aspects in artichoke growing, 239-249”. In: Proc. VIth IS on Artichoke, Cardoon and Their Wild Relatives, (Eds. J.A. Femandez et al.). Acta Horticulturae, 730. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2007.730.30
  • Elsharkawy, G.A., H.A.H. Ibrahim, A.H. Salah, M. Akrami, H.M. Ali & D.Y. Abd-Elkader, 2021. Early and total yield enhancement of the globe artichoke using an ecofriendly seaweed extract-based biostimulant and PK fertilizer. Agronomy, 11 (9): 1819. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11091819
  • Eser, B., H. İlbi & A. Uğur, 2006. Enginar Yetiştiriciliği, Hasad Yayıncılık, ISBN: 975-8377-45-5, İstanbul, 64 s.
  • Ezz El-Din, A.A., E.E. Aziz, S.F. Hendawy & E.A. Omer, 2010. Impact of phosphorus nutrition and number of cuttings on growth, yield and active constituents of artichoke. International Journal of Academic Research, 2 (4): 240-244. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269874326
  • FAO, 2023. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Statistics. (Web sayfası: https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QV) (Erişim tarihi: Şubat 2023).
  • Francois, L.E., T.J. Donovan & E.V. Maas,1991. Calcium deficiency of artichoke buds in relation to salinity. Hortscience, 26 (5): 549-553. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.26.5.549
  • Grainfenberg, A, L. Giustiniani, O. Temperini & M. Lipucci di Paola, 1995. Allocation of Na, Cl, K and Ca within plant tissues in globe artichoke Cynara scolymus L. under salinesodic conditions. Scientia Horticulturae, 63 (1/2): 1-10. Doi: 10.1016/0304-4238 (95)00797
  • Guida, V., G. Ferrari, G. Pataro, A. Chambery, A. Di Maro & A. Parente, 2013. The effects of ohmic and conventional blanching on the nutritional, bioactive compounds and quality parameters of artichoke heads. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 53 (2): 569–579. Doi: 10.1016%2Fj.lwt.2013.04.006
  • Ierna A., G. Mauromicale & P. Licandro, 2006. Yield and harvest time of globe Artichoke in relation to nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization. Acta Horticulturae, 700 (16): 115-119.
  • Ierna, A., R.P. Mauro & G. Mauromicale, 2012. Improved yield and nutrient efficiency in two globe artichoke genotypes by balancing nitrogen and phosphorus supply. Agronomy Sustainable Development, 32: 773–780. Doi: 10.1007/s13593-011-0048-7
  • Kacar, B. & A. İnal, 2008. Bitki analizleri (2. Baskı). Nobel Akademi Yayıncılık, No. 892, Ankara, 912 s.
  • Kacar, B. 2009. Toprak analizleri (3. Baskı). Nobel Akademi Yayıncılık, No. 1387. Ankara, 466 s.
  • Khalfallah, K.K., N. Turki, M. Rébaï & I. Ghazel, 2015. Compost and Compost Tea Fertilization Effects on Soil and Artichoke Mineral Nutrition in Organic Farming. International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology, 5 (6): 3835-3842. https://www.researchgate.net/291330470
  • Kılıçtaş, Ş., T. Özlü & G. Garipoğlu, 2020. Enginar (Cynara scolymus L.): Besin değeri ve olası sağlık etkileri. USBAD Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Akademi Dergisi, 3 (5): 6-22. Doi: 10.47994/usbad.788581
  • Lattanzio, V., P.A. Kroon, V. Linsalata & A. Cardinali, 2009. Globe artichoke: a functional food and source of nutraceutical ingredients. Journal of Functional Foods, 1 (2): 131–144. Doi: 10.1016/j.jff.2009.01.002
  • Lindsay, W.L. & W.A. Norvell, 1978. Development of a DTPA soil test for zinc, iron, manganese and copper. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 42: 421–28. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1978.03615995004200030009x
  • Lombardo, S., C. Restuccia, G. Muratore, R.N. Barbagallo, F. Licciardello, G. Pandino, G.O. Scifò, A. Mazzaglia, F. Ragonese & G. Mauromicale, 2017. Effect of nitrogen fertilisation on the overall quality of minimally processed globe artichoke heads. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture; 97 (2): 650–658. Doi: 10.1002/jsfa.7784.
  • Loué, A., 1968. Diagnostic pétiolarie de prospection etudes sur la nutrition et la fertilisation potassiques de la vigne, Société Commerciale des Potassiques d’Alsae Services Agronomiques, 31-41 p.
  • Magnifico, V. & V. Lattanzio, 1981. Ritmo di asportazione di elementi nutritivi nel carciofo. Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu. Atti 30 Congr. Int. Carciofo, Laterza Bari. 283-294 pp.
  • Mauromicale, G. & A. Ierna, 2000. Panorama varietale e miglioramento genetico del carciofo. L‘Informatore Agrario, 56: 39-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.1830.8241
  • Mohamed, N.A., U.M. Saif El-deen, & A.E.M. Abd El-Hameid, 2017. Yield and quality of globe artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) as affected by bio and mineral NK fertilizer levels. Journal of Productivity and Development, 22 (3): 697-713. https://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2019.42117
  • Negro, D., V. Montesano, G. Sonnante, P. Rubino, A. De Lisi & G. Sarli, 2016. Fertilization strategies on cultivars of globe artichoke: Effects on yield and quality performance. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 39 (2): 279-287. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2015.1022185
  • Nelson, D.W. & L. Sommers, 1982. Total carbon, organic carbon and organic matter. Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties, Agronomy Monograph No.9, 2nd Ed., ASA-SSSA, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, 539-579 pp.
  • Nelson, R.E., 1982. “Carbonate and gypsum,181-196”. In: Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties. (Eds. A.L. Page), American Society of Agronomy Inc. Pub. Agronomy Series, No.9, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
  • Olsen, S.R., & L.A. Dean, 1965. “Phosphorus,1035–49”. In: Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2 (Eds. C. A. Black), American Society of Agronomy Inc. Pub., Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
  • Orlovskaya, T.V., I.L. Luneva & V.A. Chelombit’ko, 2007. Chemical composition of Cynara scolymus leaves. Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 43 (2): 239-240. Doi: 0009-3130/07/4302-0239
  • Öztürk, B., M. Zengin & F. Gökmen Yılmaz, 2020. Effects of potassium and zinc fertilization on the yield and yield components of artichoke. Journal of Tekirdağ Agricultural Faculty, 17 (2): 180-190, Doi: 10.33462/Jotaf.605673
  • Pace, B., F. Boari, N. Calabrese, E. De Palma & V. Cantore, 2012. “Effects of salinity and watering regime on artichoke, Cynara cardunculus L. subsp. scolymus (L.) Hayek”. In: Proc. VIIth IS on Artichoke, Cardoon and Their Wild Relatives (Eds. C. Bazinet), Acta Horticulturae. 942. Doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2012.942.51
  • Pandino, G., S. Lombardo, R.P. Mauro & G. Mauromicale, 2012.Variation in polyphenol profile and head morphology among clones of globe artichoke selected from a landrace. Scientia Horticulturae, 138: 259–265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2012.02.032
  • Petropoulos, S.A., R. Sami, N. Benajiba, R.M.Y. Zewail & M.H.M. Mohamed, 2022. The response of globe artichoke plants to potassium fertilization combined with the foliar spraying of seaweed extract. Agronomy, 12 (2): 490. Doi: 10.3390/agronomy12020490
  • Pratt, P.F., 1965. “Potassium”. In: Agronomy Monographs, (Eds. A.G. Norman), Doi: 10.2134/agronmonogr9.2.c20
  • Rhoades, J.D., 1982. “Soluble salts, 167-178”. In: Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2. Chemical and microbiological properties (Eds. A.L. Page), American Soc. Ag. Inc. Pub. Agronomy Series, No.9, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
  • Riahi, J., C. Nicoletto, G. Bouzaein, P. Sambo & K.K. Khalfallah, 2017. Effect of vegetative propagation materials on globe artichoke production in semi-arid developing countries: agronomic, marketable and qualitative traits. Agronomy, 7 (4): 65. Doi: 10.3390/agronomy7040065
  • Richards, L.A., 1954. Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkali Soils. Agriculture Handbook No. 60. United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC, 160 p.
  • Rincón, L., A. Pérez, C. Pellicer, A. Abadía & J. Sáez, 2007. Nutrient uptake by artichoke. Acta Horticulturae, 730 (37): 287–292. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2007.730.37
  • Rocchetti, G., L. Lucini, G. Corrado, G. Colla, M. Cardarelli, S. De Pascale & Y. Rouphael, 2020. Phytochemical profile, mineral content, and bioactive compounds in leaves of seed-propagated artichoke hybrid cultivars. Molecules, 25 (3795): 1-16. Doi: 10.3390/molecules25173795
  • Salah, S.A., S.M. Shehata, M. EL-Desuki & A.M. Shaheen, 2006. Response of artichoke plants to agriculture sulphur and chicken manure application. Journal Plant Production, 31 (11): 7287-7304. Doi: 10.21608/jpp.2006.236393
  • Saleh S.A., M.F. Zaki, A.S. Tantawy & Y.A.M. Salama, 2016. Response of artichoke productivity to different proportions of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers. International Journal of ChemTech Research, 9 (3): 25-33. www.researchgate.net/publication/301678673
  • Schrader, W.L. & K.S. Mayberry, 1997. Artichoke production in California. Univ. of California. Vegetable Research and Information Center. Division of Agriculture and Resources. Vegetables Production Series. Publication 7221
  • Shaheen, A.M., A. Fatma, A.M. Rizk, A.M. Elbassiony & Z.S.A. El-Shal, 2007. Effect of ammonium sulphate and agricultural sulphur on the artichoke plant growth, heads yield and its some physical and chemical properties. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, 3 (2): 82-90.
  • Soil Survey Staff, 1951. Soil Survey Manual, Agricultural Research Administration United States Department of Agriculture Handbook, No. 18, Ground Print Office, Washington D.C., 340-377 p.
  • Spanu, E., P. A. Deligios, E. Azara, G. Delogu & L. Ledda, 2017. Effects of alternative cropping systems on globe artichoke qualitative traits. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 98 (3): 1079–1087. Doi: 10.1002/jsfa.8558.
  • Tartoura, E. A., U. M. Seif El-Deen & A.Y. El-Adawy, 2021. Effect of irrigation intervals and foliar applications with some nanofertilizers on growth and productivity of globe artichoke plant: A-Vegetative growth and chemical content in leaves. Journal of Plant Production, 12 (3): 209-216. Doi: 10.21608/jpp.2021.154344
  • TÜİK, 2023. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. (Web sayfası: https://www.tuik.gov.tr/) (Erişim tarihi: Şubat 2023).
  • Ugur, A. & B. Eser, 2013. The effects of plant ages and cultivar on the offshoots yield and rooting of globe artichoke. Acta Horticulturae, 983 (56): 387-392. Doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2013.983.56
  • Wolf, B., 1971. The Determination of boron in soil extracts, plant materials, manures, waters and nutrient solution. Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 2 (5): 363-374. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103627109366326
  • Zeybekoglu, E. & A. Ugur, 2013. Potted artichoke seedling propagation by using different vegetative materials and techniques. Acta Horticulturae, 983 (983): 317-324. Doi:10.17660/ActaHortic.2013.983.44

Fonksiyonel bitki enginarın (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus L.) tescilli, Bursa ili Hasanağa yöresi plantasyonlarının toprak ve bitki besin maddesi değişimlerinin incelenmesi

Yıl 2023, , 647 - 663, 05.01.2024

Serhat Gürel , Mustafa Bıyıklı

https://doi.org/10.20289/zfdergi.1280894

Öz

Amaç: Bursa ili, Nilüfer ilçesi, Hasanağa mahallesinde enginar (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus L.) tarım topraklarının verimlilik durumlarının belirlenmesi.
Materyal ve Yöntem: Bu amaçla 20 adet bahçeden toprak, yaprak ve meyve örnekleri alınarak analiz edilmiştir.
Araştırma Bulguları: Topraklar 0-30 cm’de nötr ve 30-60 cm ise hafif alkali reaksiyondadır. Tuzluluk sorunu olmayan, orta bünyeli topraklardır. Toprakların yarısından fazlası orta seviyede kireçlidir. Yarısından fazlasının da OM içeriğinin %2 ve daha düşük seviyede olduğu belirlenmiştir. İncelenen toprakların özellikle 30-60 cm derinlikte %50’sinin N ile P ve %90’ının K konsantrasyonları düşük seviyede belirlenmiştir. Toprak ekstraklarının tamamında B konsantrasyonları düşük seviyede belirlenirken, %85’inin Ca konsantrasyonları yüksektir. Sodik olmadığı analiz edilen toprakların, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn ve Mn içerikleri iyi ya da yeterli konsantrasyonda belirlenmiştir. Enginar yaprağı ekstraktındaki makro element konsantrasyonları N>Mg>Na>Ca>K>P şekilde sıralanmaktadır. Mikroelement içerikleri değerlendirildiğinde; yaprakların mikro element içerikleri Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu şeklinde sıralanmaktadır.
Sonuç: Araştırma sonuçlarına göre enginar yetiştiriciliği yapılan topraklarda ve enginar yapraklarında K ve P içeriklerinin diğer elementlerin gerisinde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Enginar yaprak, çiçek tablası ve brakte yaprakların bitki besin elementi konsantrasyonları, enginar hakkında yapılan kimi araştırma sonuçları ile uyumludur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bitki besin elementi içeriği Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus L. enginar makro element mikro element toprak verimliliği

Destekleyen Kurum

Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Bilimsel araştırma Projeleri Birimi

Proje Numarası

FHIZ-2023-1416

Teşekkür

Bu çalışma, Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Araştırma Fonu tarafından desteklenen FHIZ-2023-1416 No'lu Proje'nin bir parçasıdır. Yardım, katkı ve desteklerinden dolayı sayın Halil BAŞARAN’a çok teşekkür ederiz.

Kaynakça

  • Akkal-Corfini, N., P. Robin, S. Menasseri-Aubry, M.S. Corson, J.P. Severe, J.M. Collet & T. Morvan, 2021. Fate of nitrogen from artichokeİ: (Cynara cardunculus L. var. scolymus L.) crop residues: A Review and lysimeter study. Nitrogen, 2 (1): 41-61. https://doi.org/10.3390/nitrogen2010004
  • Allahdadi, M., Y. Raei, B. Bahreininejad, A. Taghizadeh & S. Narimani, 2016. Effect of chemical and biological fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative yield of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.). Biological Forum-An International Journal, 8 (1): 500-508. ISSN No. (Online): 2249-3239.
  • Angelova, V., M.P. Nemska, G. Uzunova & L. Krustev, 2019. Chemical composition of cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L.) grown in South Bulgaria. AGROFOR International Journal, 4 (3): 100-110. Doi: 10.7251/Agreng1903100A
  • Anonymous, 1951. Soil Survey Manual (U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook). U.S. Gout Print Office, Washington D.C., No: 18, 209 p.
  • Anonymous, 1988. Türkiye Gübreler ve Gübreleme Rehberi (T.C.T.O.K.B. Köy Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü, Toprak ve Gübre Araştırma Enstitüsü). Genel yayın no: 151, Teknik yayın no: T-50, Ankara, 182 s.
  • Anonymous, 2020. Hasanağa enginarı. Türk Patent ve Marka Kurumu. (Web page: https://ci.turkpatent.gov.tr/cografi-isaretler/detay/38469) (Erişim tarihi: Ocak 2021).
  • Anwar, R.S.M., M.A. Mahmoud & N.H. Hussien, 2017. Effect of irrigation and potassium fertilizer on vegetative growth, yield and quality of globe artichoke plants under sandy soil conditions. Journal of Plant Production, 8 (11): 1267-1276. https://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpp.2017.41308
  • Archontoulis, S.V., P.C. Struik, J. Vos & N.G. Danalatos, 2010. Phenological growth stages of Cynara cardunculus: codification and description according to the BBCH scale. Annals of Appllied Biology, 156 (2): 253–270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.2009.00384.x
  • Archontoulis, S.V., J. Vos, X. Yin, L. Bastiaans, N.G. Danalatos & P.C. Struik, 2011. Temporal dynamics of light and nitrogen vertical distributions in canopies of sunflower, kenaf and cynara. Field Crops Research, 122 (3): 186–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2011.03.008
  • Ben Salem, M., H. Affes, K. Athmouni, K. Ksouda, R. Dhouibi, Z. Sahnoun, S. Hammami & K.M. Zeghal, 2017. Chemicals compositions, antioxidant and anti-ınflammatory activity of Cynara scolymus leaves extracts, and analysis of major bioactive polyphenols by HPLC. Hindawi, Article ID : 4951937, 14p, https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/4951937
  • Bianco. V.V., 1990. “Carciofo (Cynara scolymus L.), 209-251”. In: Orticoltura (Eds. V.V. Bianco & F. Pimpini), Patron Editore, Bologna (in Italian).
  • Biel, W., R. Witkowicz, E. Piątkowska & C. Podsiadło, 2020. Proximate composition, minerals and antioxidant activity of artichoke leaf extracts. Biological Trace Element Res., 194: 589–595. Doi: 10.1007/s12011-019-01806-3
  • Bouyoucos, G.J., 1951. A Recabliration of the hidrometer for marking mechanical analysis of Soil, Agronomy Journal, 43: 435-438.
  • Bremner, J.M., 1965. “Total nitrogen,1149-1178”. In: Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2, Chemical and Microbiological Properties, no 9 in the series Agronomy (Eds. C.A. Black). American Society of Agronomy Inc. Pub., Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
  • Ciancolini, A., 2012. Characterization and selection of globe artichoke and cardoon germplasm for biomass, food and biocompound production. PhD Thesis, Università Degli Studi Della Tuscia, Italy. 251p.
  • Colla, G., Y. Rouphael, M. Cardarelli, E. Svecova, E. Rea & L. Lucini, 2012. Effects of saline stress on mineral composition, phenolic acids and flavonoids in leaves of artichoke and cardoon genotypes grown in floating system. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 93 (5): 1119–1127, Doi: 10.1002/jsfa.5861
  • De Falco, E., A. Senatore, G. Roscigno & M. Pergola, 2022. The Artichoke “Bianco di Pertosa”: The Enhancement of crop residues through environmentally friendly uses. Horticulturae, 8 (10): 900. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8100900
  • Duarte, D., R. Figueiredo, S. Pereira & J. Pissarra, 2006. Structural characterization of the stigma style complex of Cynara cardunculus (Asteraceae) and immunolocalization of cardosins A and B during floral development. Canadian Journal of Botany, 84 (5): 737–749. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/B06-029
  • Duman, İ. & Y. Nas, 2020. Tohumdan konservelik enginar (Cynara scolymus L.) üretiminde verim ve kalite özelliklerindeki değişimin belirlenmesi. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, Özel Sayı: 1-7, Doi: 10.20289/zfdergi.703747
  • Elia, A. & P. Santamaria, 1994. Influence of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on artichoke transplanting growth. Agronomy Media, 124: 106-111.
  • Elia, A. & G. Conversa, 2007. “Mineral nutrition aspects in artichoke growing, 239-249”. In: Proc. VIth IS on Artichoke, Cardoon and Their Wild Relatives, (Eds. J.A. Femandez et al.). Acta Horticulturae, 730. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2007.730.30
  • Elsharkawy, G.A., H.A.H. Ibrahim, A.H. Salah, M. Akrami, H.M. Ali & D.Y. Abd-Elkader, 2021. Early and total yield enhancement of the globe artichoke using an ecofriendly seaweed extract-based biostimulant and PK fertilizer. Agronomy, 11 (9): 1819. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11091819
  • Eser, B., H. İlbi & A. Uğur, 2006. Enginar Yetiştiriciliği, Hasad Yayıncılık, ISBN: 975-8377-45-5, İstanbul, 64 s.
  • Ezz El-Din, A.A., E.E. Aziz, S.F. Hendawy & E.A. Omer, 2010. Impact of phosphorus nutrition and number of cuttings on growth, yield and active constituents of artichoke. International Journal of Academic Research, 2 (4): 240-244. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269874326
  • FAO, 2023. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Statistics. (Web sayfası: https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QV) (Erişim tarihi: Şubat 2023).
  • Francois, L.E., T.J. Donovan & E.V. Maas,1991. Calcium deficiency of artichoke buds in relation to salinity. Hortscience, 26 (5): 549-553. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.26.5.549
  • Grainfenberg, A, L. Giustiniani, O. Temperini & M. Lipucci di Paola, 1995. Allocation of Na, Cl, K and Ca within plant tissues in globe artichoke Cynara scolymus L. under salinesodic conditions. Scientia Horticulturae, 63 (1/2): 1-10. Doi: 10.1016/0304-4238 (95)00797
  • Guida, V., G. Ferrari, G. Pataro, A. Chambery, A. Di Maro & A. Parente, 2013. The effects of ohmic and conventional blanching on the nutritional, bioactive compounds and quality parameters of artichoke heads. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 53 (2): 569–579. Doi: 10.1016%2Fj.lwt.2013.04.006
  • Ierna A., G. Mauromicale & P. Licandro, 2006. Yield and harvest time of globe Artichoke in relation to nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization. Acta Horticulturae, 700 (16): 115-119.
  • Ierna, A., R.P. Mauro & G. Mauromicale, 2012. Improved yield and nutrient efficiency in two globe artichoke genotypes by balancing nitrogen and phosphorus supply. Agronomy Sustainable Development, 32: 773–780. Doi: 10.1007/s13593-011-0048-7
  • Kacar, B. & A. İnal, 2008. Bitki analizleri (2. Baskı). Nobel Akademi Yayıncılık, No. 892, Ankara, 912 s.
  • Kacar, B. 2009. Toprak analizleri (3. Baskı). Nobel Akademi Yayıncılık, No. 1387. Ankara, 466 s.
  • Khalfallah, K.K., N. Turki, M. Rébaï & I. Ghazel, 2015. Compost and Compost Tea Fertilization Effects on Soil and Artichoke Mineral Nutrition in Organic Farming. International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology, 5 (6): 3835-3842. https://www.researchgate.net/291330470
  • Kılıçtaş, Ş., T. Özlü & G. Garipoğlu, 2020. Enginar (Cynara scolymus L.): Besin değeri ve olası sağlık etkileri. USBAD Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Akademi Dergisi, 3 (5): 6-22. Doi: 10.47994/usbad.788581
  • Lattanzio, V., P.A. Kroon, V. Linsalata & A. Cardinali, 2009. Globe artichoke: a functional food and source of nutraceutical ingredients. Journal of Functional Foods, 1 (2): 131–144. Doi: 10.1016/j.jff.2009.01.002
  • Lindsay, W.L. & W.A. Norvell, 1978. Development of a DTPA soil test for zinc, iron, manganese and copper. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 42: 421–28. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1978.03615995004200030009x
  • Lombardo, S., C. Restuccia, G. Muratore, R.N. Barbagallo, F. Licciardello, G. Pandino, G.O. Scifò, A. Mazzaglia, F. Ragonese & G. Mauromicale, 2017. Effect of nitrogen fertilisation on the overall quality of minimally processed globe artichoke heads. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture; 97 (2): 650–658. Doi: 10.1002/jsfa.7784.
  • Loué, A., 1968. Diagnostic pétiolarie de prospection etudes sur la nutrition et la fertilisation potassiques de la vigne, Société Commerciale des Potassiques d’Alsae Services Agronomiques, 31-41 p.
  • Magnifico, V. & V. Lattanzio, 1981. Ritmo di asportazione di elementi nutritivi nel carciofo. Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu. Atti 30 Congr. Int. Carciofo, Laterza Bari. 283-294 pp.
  • Mauromicale, G. & A. Ierna, 2000. Panorama varietale e miglioramento genetico del carciofo. L‘Informatore Agrario, 56: 39-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.1830.8241
  • Mohamed, N.A., U.M. Saif El-deen, & A.E.M. Abd El-Hameid, 2017. Yield and quality of globe artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) as affected by bio and mineral NK fertilizer levels. Journal of Productivity and Development, 22 (3): 697-713. https://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jpd.2019.42117
  • Negro, D., V. Montesano, G. Sonnante, P. Rubino, A. De Lisi & G. Sarli, 2016. Fertilization strategies on cultivars of globe artichoke: Effects on yield and quality performance. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 39 (2): 279-287. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2015.1022185
  • Nelson, D.W. & L. Sommers, 1982. Total carbon, organic carbon and organic matter. Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties, Agronomy Monograph No.9, 2nd Ed., ASA-SSSA, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, 539-579 pp.
  • Nelson, R.E., 1982. “Carbonate and gypsum,181-196”. In: Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties. (Eds. A.L. Page), American Society of Agronomy Inc. Pub. Agronomy Series, No.9, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
  • Olsen, S.R., & L.A. Dean, 1965. “Phosphorus,1035–49”. In: Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2 (Eds. C. A. Black), American Society of Agronomy Inc. Pub., Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
  • Orlovskaya, T.V., I.L. Luneva & V.A. Chelombit’ko, 2007. Chemical composition of Cynara scolymus leaves. Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 43 (2): 239-240. Doi: 0009-3130/07/4302-0239
  • Öztürk, B., M. Zengin & F. Gökmen Yılmaz, 2020. Effects of potassium and zinc fertilization on the yield and yield components of artichoke. Journal of Tekirdağ Agricultural Faculty, 17 (2): 180-190, Doi: 10.33462/Jotaf.605673
  • Pace, B., F. Boari, N. Calabrese, E. De Palma & V. Cantore, 2012. “Effects of salinity and watering regime on artichoke, Cynara cardunculus L. subsp. scolymus (L.) Hayek”. In: Proc. VIIth IS on Artichoke, Cardoon and Their Wild Relatives (Eds. C. Bazinet), Acta Horticulturae. 942. Doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2012.942.51
  • Pandino, G., S. Lombardo, R.P. Mauro & G. Mauromicale, 2012.Variation in polyphenol profile and head morphology among clones of globe artichoke selected from a landrace. Scientia Horticulturae, 138: 259–265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2012.02.032
  • Petropoulos, S.A., R. Sami, N. Benajiba, R.M.Y. Zewail & M.H.M. Mohamed, 2022. The response of globe artichoke plants to potassium fertilization combined with the foliar spraying of seaweed extract. Agronomy, 12 (2): 490. Doi: 10.3390/agronomy12020490
  • Pratt, P.F., 1965. “Potassium”. In: Agronomy Monographs, (Eds. A.G. Norman), Doi: 10.2134/agronmonogr9.2.c20
  • Rhoades, J.D., 1982. “Soluble salts, 167-178”. In: Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2. Chemical and microbiological properties (Eds. A.L. Page), American Soc. Ag. Inc. Pub. Agronomy Series, No.9, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
  • Riahi, J., C. Nicoletto, G. Bouzaein, P. Sambo & K.K. Khalfallah, 2017. Effect of vegetative propagation materials on globe artichoke production in semi-arid developing countries: agronomic, marketable and qualitative traits. Agronomy, 7 (4): 65. Doi: 10.3390/agronomy7040065
  • Richards, L.A., 1954. Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkali Soils. Agriculture Handbook No. 60. United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC, 160 p.
  • Rincón, L., A. Pérez, C. Pellicer, A. Abadía & J. Sáez, 2007. Nutrient uptake by artichoke. Acta Horticulturae, 730 (37): 287–292. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2007.730.37
  • Rocchetti, G., L. Lucini, G. Corrado, G. Colla, M. Cardarelli, S. De Pascale & Y. Rouphael, 2020. Phytochemical profile, mineral content, and bioactive compounds in leaves of seed-propagated artichoke hybrid cultivars. Molecules, 25 (3795): 1-16. Doi: 10.3390/molecules25173795
  • Salah, S.A., S.M. Shehata, M. EL-Desuki & A.M. Shaheen, 2006. Response of artichoke plants to agriculture sulphur and chicken manure application. Journal Plant Production, 31 (11): 7287-7304. Doi: 10.21608/jpp.2006.236393
  • Saleh S.A., M.F. Zaki, A.S. Tantawy & Y.A.M. Salama, 2016. Response of artichoke productivity to different proportions of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers. International Journal of ChemTech Research, 9 (3): 25-33. www.researchgate.net/publication/301678673
  • Schrader, W.L. & K.S. Mayberry, 1997. Artichoke production in California. Univ. of California. Vegetable Research and Information Center. Division of Agriculture and Resources. Vegetables Production Series. Publication 7221
  • Shaheen, A.M., A. Fatma, A.M. Rizk, A.M. Elbassiony & Z.S.A. El-Shal, 2007. Effect of ammonium sulphate and agricultural sulphur on the artichoke plant growth, heads yield and its some physical and chemical properties. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, 3 (2): 82-90.
  • Soil Survey Staff, 1951. Soil Survey Manual, Agricultural Research Administration United States Department of Agriculture Handbook, No. 18, Ground Print Office, Washington D.C., 340-377 p.
  • Spanu, E., P. A. Deligios, E. Azara, G. Delogu & L. Ledda, 2017. Effects of alternative cropping systems on globe artichoke qualitative traits. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 98 (3): 1079–1087. Doi: 10.1002/jsfa.8558.
  • Tartoura, E. A., U. M. Seif El-Deen & A.Y. El-Adawy, 2021. Effect of irrigation intervals and foliar applications with some nanofertilizers on growth and productivity of globe artichoke plant: A-Vegetative growth and chemical content in leaves. Journal of Plant Production, 12 (3): 209-216. Doi: 10.21608/jpp.2021.154344
  • TÜİK, 2023. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. (Web sayfası: https://www.tuik.gov.tr/) (Erişim tarihi: Şubat 2023).
  • Ugur, A. & B. Eser, 2013. The effects of plant ages and cultivar on the offshoots yield and rooting of globe artichoke. Acta Horticulturae, 983 (56): 387-392. Doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2013.983.56
  • Wolf, B., 1971. The Determination of boron in soil extracts, plant materials, manures, waters and nutrient solution. Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 2 (5): 363-374. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103627109366326
  • Zeybekoglu, E. & A. Ugur, 2013. Potted artichoke seedling propagation by using different vegetative materials and techniques. Acta Horticulturae, 983 (983): 317-324. Doi:10.17660/ActaHortic.2013.983.44
Toplam 67 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Ziraat, Veterinerlik ve Gıda Bilimleri, Bahçe Bitkileri Yetiştirme ve Islahı (Diğer)
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Serhat Gürel 0000-0002-2971-8353

Mustafa Bıyıklı 0000-0002-6327-4397

Proje Numarası FHIZ-2023-1416
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 28 Aralık 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 5 Ocak 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 14 Nisan 2023
Kabul Tarihi 20 Kasım 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023

Kaynak Göster

APA Gürel, S., & Bıyıklı, M. (2024). Fonksiyonel bitki enginarın (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus L.) tescilli, Bursa ili Hasanağa yöresi plantasyonlarının toprak ve bitki besin maddesi değişimlerinin incelenmesi. Journal of Agriculture Faculty of Ege University, 60(4), 647-663. https://doi.org/10.20289/zfdergi.1280894

      27559           trdizin ile ilgili görsel sonucu                 27560                    Clarivate Analysis ile ilgili görsel sonucu            CABI logo                      NAL Catalog (AGRICOLA), ile ilgili görsel sonucu             EBSCO Information Services 

                                                       Creative Commons Lisansı This website is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.