Ergonomic analysis of milking with mobile milking machines using 3d motion capture system

Yıl 2024, , 233 - 248, 01.07.2024

Erdal Öz , Martina Jakob , Hülya Öz

https://doi.org/10.20289/zfdergi.1441929

Öz

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the working postures and conditions of the milking with mobile milking machines from an ergonomic perspective.
Material and Methods: The study was carried out at ATB-Leibniz Institute in Germany. For the experiments, an artificial udder platform and a mobile milking machine was used. Three different working postures and working heights were chosen. Upper arm elevation and trunk inclination angles were measured using with 3D motion capture system during the attaching clusters. Evaluations were made according to the ISO 11226 standard, RULA scale and Borg Scale.
Results: Average upper arm elevation angles were measured between 42.00° - 70.70° and at low working heights and one knee on the ground and squatting postures. Values were above the acceptable limits recommended by the standard. Similar situation was observed in the trunk inclinations. The perceived exertion level was light to very light, however, there were complaints in the arms, back and knees depending on working postures and heights.
Conclusion: Obtained data revealed that potential ergonomic risks while milking with mobile milking machines, which is widely used in Turkey. Increasing the animal's udder level closer to the worker's shoulder level had positive effects on decreasing strains. Raising awareness in this regard would be beneficial.

Anahtar Kelimeler

3D motion, ergonomics, milking, trunk inclination, upper arm elevation

Seyyar süt sağım makineleri ile sağımın üç boyutlu hareket yakalama sistemi yardımıyla ergonomik analizi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada seyyar süt sağım makineleri ile gerçekleştirilen sağım işleminde, çalışma duruşları ve koşullarının üç boyutlu hareket yakalama sistemi yardımıyla ergonomik yönden analizi amaçlanmıştır.
Materyal ve Yöntem: Çalışma, ATB (Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy, Potsdam-Almanya) Enstitüsü ergonomi laboratuvarında yapay bir meme platformu ve tek sağım üniteli seyyar sağım makinesi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Üç farklı çalışma duruşu ve üç farklı çalışma yüksekliğinde yapılan denemelerde sağım başlıklarının takılması sırasında üç boyutlu hareket yakalama sistemi yardımıyla üst kol yükselmesi ve üst beden eğilme açıları ölçülmüştür. Değerlendirmeler ISO 11226 standardı, RULA ölçeği ve Borg Skalası’na göre yapılmıştır.
Araştırma Bulguları: Ortalama üst kol yükselme açısının düşük çalışma yüksekliklerinde özellikle tek diz yerde ve çömelme şeklindeki çalışma duruşlarında 42.00- 70.70° arasında değiştiği, bu değerlerin standardın önerdiği kabul edilebilir limitlerin üzerinde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Üst beden eğilme açısında da benzer durum gözlenmiştir. Algılanan efor derecesinin hafif-çok hafif düzeyde olmasına karşın kol, sırt ve dizlerde çalışma duruşları ve yüksekliklerine bağlı olarak yakınmalar olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır.
Sonuç: Çalışmada Türkiye’de yaygın olarak kullanılan seyyar süt sağım makineleri ile çalışmada ergonomik yönden ciddi rahatsızlık potansiyelinin olabileceğini somut verilerle ortaya konmuştur. Hayvan meme seviyesinin sağımcının omuz seviyesine yaklaştırılmasının zorlanmaların azalması üzerinde olumlu etkileri olduğu gözlenmiş, bu yönde bilinçlendirme yapılmasının yararlı olacağı kanısına varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

3D hareket, ergonomi, süt sağım, üst beden eğilme, üst kol yükselme

Kaynakça

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