Exogenous application of pipecolic acid induces stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana L.

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 61 Sayı: 2, 143 - 150, 01.07.2024

Sercan Pazarlar

https://doi.org/10.20289/zfdergi.1418307

Öz

Objective: The major objectives of this study were (i) to determine whether exogenous Pipecolic acid treatment triggers the stomatal closure; (ii) to assess how the stomatal response is influenced by the method and concentrations of Pipecolic acid treatment; (iii) to investigate the response of Pipecolic acid-primed plants to the foliar bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 that invades plants through stomata.
Material and Methods: Freshly harvested Arabidopsis leaves were immersed in MES-KCl buffer supplemented with 1 mM of D,L-Pipecolic acid for 2 h. Stomatal aperture was measured in epidermal strips collected from the abaxial side of the leaves. Stomatal aperture in Pipecolic acid-treated plants was also directly quantified after Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 inoculation.
Results: The treatment with D,L-Pipecolic acid resulted in increased stomatal closure in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatments with 0.1 mM and 1 mM of D,L-Pipecolic acid led to a reduction in stomatal aperture by 32.5% and 54.7%, respectively. Leaves treated with either 1 mM of D,L-Pipecolic acid or L-Pipecolic acid demonstrated similar stomatal apertures corresponding to 2.67 and 2.49 μm, respectively. The stomatal apertures did not exhibit a significant difference between the treatments following the Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 infection. Pipecolic acid-mediated enhanced defense is independent of stomatal immunity.
Conclusion: Exogenous Pipecolic acid triggers preinvasion stomatal closure in Arabidopsis. There is no difference between pipecolic acid application methods (soil drenching or foliar spray) in terms of affecting stoma closure.

Anahtar Kelimeler

L-Pip, plant defense responses, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000, systemic acquired resistance, stomatal defense

Ekzojen pipekolik asit uygulaması Arabidopsis thaliana L.’ da stoma kapanmasını tetikler

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın ana amaçları şu şekildedir: (i) Ekzojen Pipekolik asit uygulamasının stoma kapanmasını tetikleyip tetiklemediğini belirlemek; (ii) Stoma tepkisinin Pipekolik asit uygulama yöntemi ve konsantrasyonlarından nasıl etkilendiğini saptamak; (iii) Pipekolik asitle uyarılmış bitkilerin, stomalar yoluyla bitkiye giriş yapan bakteriyel patojen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000’e karşı tepkisini araştırmak.
Materyal ve Yöntem: Taze koparılmış Arabidopsis yaprakları, 2 saat boyunca 1 mM D,L-Pipekolik asit içeren MES-KCl çözeltisine daldırılmıştır. Stoma açıklığı, yaprakların üst yüzeyinden toplanan epidermal şeritlerde ölçülmüştür. Pipekolik asit uygulanmış Arabidopsis bitkilerindeki stoma açıklığı da Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 inokulasyonundan 0, 2 ve 4 saat sonra alınan epidermal şeritlerde ölçülmüştür.
Araştırma Bulguları: D,L-Pipekolik asit uygulaması, konsantrasyona bağlı bir şekilde stoma kapanmasının artmasına neden olmuştur. 0.1 mM ve 1 mM D,L-Pipekolik asit ile yapılan uygulamalar stoma açıklığında sırasıyla %32.5 ve %54.7 oranında bir azalmaya yol açmıştır. 1 mM D,L-Pipekolik asit veya L-Pipekolik asit ile muamele edilen yapraklar, sırasıyla 2,67 ve 2,49 μm'ye karşılık gelen benzer stoma açıklıkları göstermiştir. Bakteriyel enfeksiyonun ardından stoma açıklıkları uygulamalar arasında önemli bir fark sergilememiştir. Pipekolik asit aracılı gelişmiş savunma, stoma bağışıklığından bağımsızdır.
Sonuç: Eksojen Pipekolik asit, Arabidopsis'te enfeksiyon öncesi stoma kapanmasını tetikler. Pipekolik asit uygulama metotları arasında (toprağı ıslatma ya da yaprağa püskürtme) stoma kapanmasını etkilemesi bakımından fark yoktur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

L-Pip, bitki savunma cevapları, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000, sistemik kazanılmış dayanıklılık, stoma savunması

Kaynakça

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