Gunshot Deaths in Eskisehir, Turkey 1997 to 2016

Year 2019, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 1325 - 1334, 15.04.2019

Ümit Şimşek , Kenan Karbeyaz

https://doi.org/10.30569/adiyamansaglik.529916

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Aim: Each
year, thousands of people around the world die due to firearm-related injuries.
Due to the widespread interest in firearms in Turkey, firearm
related deaths which occurred in Eskişehir were investigated in detail and
compared with the literature.

Material and methods: Forensic
autopsy reports of 312 cases who died due to firearm wounds between 1997-2016
in Eskişehir were evaluated retrospectively. The age, gender, origin, place of
death, type of weapon used, season of death, wound location, the number of
wounds, and the organs affected were recorded.

Results: Of the
312 cases included, 166 were homicides (53.2%), 130 were suicides (41.6%) and
16 were accidents (5.2%). The type of weapon used was a handgun in 53.8% of the
cases, and a shotgun in 42.3% of cases. The majority of the firearm related
deaths were male (77.4%). The majority of the firearm-related deaths were in
the 20-29 age group (27.27%).

Discussion and Conclusion: Firearm-related
fatalities are a significant cause of mortality in Eskisehir, as in various
other parts of the world. In order to minimize the mortality, disability, and
expenses caused by firearms, legislation on the carrying and possession of
firearms should be revised.

Keywords

Firearm, autopsy, homicide, suicide

1997-2016 Yılları Arasında Eskişehir’deki Ateşli Silaha Bağlı Ölümler

Abstract

Amaç: Dünya’da her yıl binlerce insan ateşli silah yaralanmalarına bağlı
hayatını kaybetmektedir. Türkiye'de ateşli silahlara olan
yoğun ilgi nedeniyle, Eskişehir'de meydana gelen ateşli silahla ilgili
ölümlerin ayrıntılı bir şekilde incelenmesi ve literatürle karşılaştırılması
amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Eskişehir'de 1997-2016 yılları arasında ateşli silah yaralanmasına bağlı
ölen 312 olgunun adli otopsi raporları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Olgular
yaş, cinsiyet, orijin, ölüm yeri, kullanılan ateşli silah tipi, mevsim, yara
yeri, yara sayısı, ve etkilenen organlar açısından değerlendirildi.

 

Bulgular: 312 olgunun 166'sı (% 53,2) cinayet, 130'u intihar (% 41,6) ve 16'sı
kaza (% 5,2) sonucu ateşli silah yaralanmasına bağlı ölümlerdi. Kullanılan
silah türü, olguların % 53,8'inde tabanca ve % 42,3'ünde av tüfeği idi. Ateşli
silahlarla yaralanmaya bağlı ölüm olgularının büyük kısmını erkekler (% 77,4)
oluşturmakta idi. Ateli silahlara bağlı ölümlerin büyük çoğunluğunu 20-29 yaş
grubu oluşturmakta idi (27.27%).

Sonuç: Ateşli silahlara bağlı yaralanmalar, dünyanın birçok yerinde olduğu
gibi, Eskişehir'de de önemli bir ölüm nedenidir. Ateşli silahların neden olduğu
ölüm, sakatlık ve masrafları en aza indirmek için, ateşli silahların taşınması
ve bulundurulması ile ilgili mevzuat gözden geçirilmelidir.

Keywords

Ateşli silahlar, otopsi, cinayet; intihar

References

• 1. Amiri A, Sanaei-Zadeh H, Towfighi Zavarei H, Rezvani Ardestani F, Savoji N. Firearm fatalities. A preliminary study report from Iran. J of Clinical Forensic Medicine 2003;10:159-63.
• 2. Azmak D, Altun G, Bilgi S, Yılmaz A. Firearm fatalities in Edirne, 1984-1997. Forensic Science International, 1998; 95: 231-239
• 3. World Health Organization. World report on violence and health: sumary. Geneva, switzerland: World Health Organization, 2002.
• 4. Mandal AK, Sanusi M. Penetrating chest wounds: 24 years experience. World J Surg 2001;25(9):1145-9.
• 5. Statement on gun violence from the Alameda County Human Relations Commission; http://www.acgov.org/bc/hrc/documents/HRCstatementon-Guns.pdf (accessed July 24, 2013).
• 6. Christoffel KK. Firearm injuries: epidemic then, endemic now. Am J Public Health 2007;4:626-9.
• 7. Mattila VM, Makitie I, Pihlajamaki H. Trends of hospitalization in fire- arm-related injury in Finland from 1990 to 2003. J Trauma 2006;5:1222-7
• 8. Thomsen JL, Albrektsen SB. An investigation of the pattern of firearm fatalities before and after the introduction of new legislation in Denmark. Med Sci Law 1991;2:162-6.
• 9. Junuzovic M., Eriksson A., Unintentional Firearm Hunting Deaths İn Sweeden, Forensic Science International 216 (2012) 12-18.
• 10. Martin CCS, Melki JAD, Guirnaraes MA. Assessment of methods of homicide in a Brazilian city: a preliminary study. Forensic Sci Int. 1999;106:19 –25.
• 11. Villaveces A, Cummings P, Espitia VE, et al. Effect of a ban on carrying firearms on homicide rates in 2 Colombian cities. JAMA. 2000;283:1205–1209.
• 12. Hougen HP, Rogde S, Poulsen K. Homicide by firearms in two Scandinavian capitals. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2000;21:281–286.
• 13. Hougen HP, Rogde S, Poulsen K. Homicide in two Scandinavian capitals. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 1999;20:293–299.
• 14. Büyük Y. , Eke M., Dinç A.H. , Kır Z. Ankara’da Otopsisi yapılmış Ateşli Silah Kaynaklı Ölümler (2001-2004) Türkiye Klinikleri J Foren Med 2008, 5: 6-12
• 15. Thomsen JL, Albrektsen SB. An investigation of the pattern of firearm fatalities before and after the introduction of new legislation in Denmark. Med Sci Law. 1991;31:162Y166.
• 16. Karlsson T. Multivariate analysis (‘Forensiometrics’)Va new tool in forensic medicine: differentiation between firearm related homicides and suicides. Forensic Sci Int. 1999;101:131Y140.
• 17. 6136 sayılı Ateşli Silahlar ve Bıçaklar ile Diğer Aletler Hakkında Kanun ile Türk Ceza Kanunu (17.02.1982 tarih, 1982-17608 sayılı Resmi Gazete).
• 18. Buken B, Erkol Z, Bahcebasi T, Buken E, Ozdincer S, Ercan N. The effect of firearms in inducing stress in high school students in the city of Duzce (Turkey). Turk Psikiyatri Derg 2009;20(3):213-26.
• 19. Balcıoğlu İ. Adli psikiyatri ve silah. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry 2006;7(suppl.1):10-7.
• 20. Rainio J, Sajantila J. Fatal gunshot wounds between 1995 and 2001 in a highly populated region in Finland. American Journal of Forensic Medicine & Pathology, 2005;26: 70-77
• 21. Richardson EG, Hemenway D. Homicide, suicide and unintentional firearm fatality: comparing the United States with other high-income countries, 2003. J Trauma. 2011;70:238-243
• 22. Travis AR, Hohnson LJ, Nilray M. Homicide-suicide (dyadic death), homicide, and firearm. Use in England and Wales. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2007;28:314-318
• 23. Chapman S, Alpers P, Agho K, et al. Australia’s 1996 gun law reforms: faster falls in firearm deaths, firearm suicides, ad a decade without mass shootings. Inj Prev. 2006;12(6):365-372
• 24. La Harpe R, Mohamed NB. Burkhardt S. Gunshot Deaths in Geneva, Switzerland: 2001 to 2010. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2013;34(3): 248–252.
• 25. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control. [2018 July 7] Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System (WISQARS) [online]. 2005. (Available from URL: www.cdc.gov/ncipc/wisqars).
• 26. Aydın B, Çolak B. Samsun’da ateşli silahlara bağlı ölümler: 1999-2003. Adli Tıp Dergisi 2005; 19: 11-6.
• 27. Kir MZ, Ketenci HC, Basbulut AZ, Ozsoy S. Evaluation of firearm-related deaths in Erzurum. J For Med 2012; 26(1): 27-37
• 28. Kohli A, Aggarwal KN. Firearm fatalities in Delhi, India. Leg Med 2006;8:264-8.