Grain Yield and Some Physiological Traits Associated with Heat Tolerance in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes

Year 2019, Volume: 25 Issue: 3, 391 - 400, 05.09.2019

Zahit Kayıhan Korkut , Alpay Balkan , İsmet Başer , Oğuz Bilgin

https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.448626

Cited By: 1

Abstract

This research was carried out in the experimental fields of Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, the University of Namık Kemal in 2014-2015. In the study, totally 30 bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes (15 cultivars; early, medium-early and late-maturing; 10 lines are tolerant to the heat-temperature stress which were provided by CIMMYT-International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center), 5 lines (were taken from the same university’s wheat breeding program which was collaborated by the CIMMYT) were used as an experimental material. The experiment was adjusted in a split-plot design with 3 replicates. Sowing dates (Normal (NS ≈ November 09, 2014) and Late sowing (LS ≈ January 09, 2015)) were constituted the main plots, and the genotypes constituted the sub-plots. These physiological traits ((membrane thermostability (MT), canopy temperature (CT), leaf chlorophyll content (LCC) and stomatal conductance (SC)) were measured at the LS stage due to giving much more correct, logical and meaningful results, but grain yield (GY) was fixed for all the sowing dates. Obtained findings are: The GY was varied between (4.35-6.34 t ha-1) for genotypes; the MT was changed between (10.58-66.25%); the CT was realized between (17.67-22.00 oC); the LCC was varied between (38.30-53.30 SPAD) and the SC was changed between (25.20-166.80 mmol m-2 s-1). It was observed that most of the CIMMYT originated genotypes are tolerant to high-temperature stress and most of the wheats that are grown in Thrace Region are negatively affected by the high-temperature stress.

Keywords

Heat tolerance, Canopy temperature, Chlorophyll content, Membrane thermostability, Stomatal conductance

References

• Bahar B, Yildirim M and Barutcular C (2009). Relationships between stomatal conductance and yield components in spring durum wheat under Mediterranean conditions. Not. Bot. Horti Agrobo 37(2): 45-48.
• Balla K, Zegi MR, Li Z, Békés F, Ze SB and Veisz O (2011). Quality of winter wheat in relation to heat and drought shock after anthesis. Czech J. of Food Sci. 29: 117-28.
• Bluementhal C, Bekes F, Gras PW, Barlow EWR and Wrigley CW (1995). Influence of wheat genotypes tolerant to the effects of heat stress on grain quality. Cereal Chem. 72: 539-44.
• Blum A, Klueva N and Nguyen HT (2001). Wheat cellular thermotolerance is related to yield under heat stress. Euphytica 117(2): 117-23.
• Din R, Subhani G, Ahmad N, Hussain M and Rehman A (2010). Effect of temperature on development and grain formation in spring wheat. Pak. J. Bot. 42: 899- 06.
• Feng B, Liu P, Li G, Dong ST, Wang FH, Kong LA and Zhang JW (2014). Effect of heat stress on the photosynthetic characteristics in flag leaves at the grain-filling stage of different heat-resistant winter wheat varieties. J. Agro. Crop Sci. 200: 143-55.
• Gusta LV, Wisniewski M, Nesbitt NT and Tanino KT (2003). Factors to consider in artificial freeze tests. Acta Hort. 618: 493-07.
• Hasan M A, Ahmed JU, Bahadur MM, Haque MM and Sikder S (2007). Effect of late planting heat stress on membrane thermostability, proline content and heat susceptibility index of different wheat cultivars. J. Natn. Sci. Foundation 35(2): 109-17.
• Hays K, Maynard I, Thomas O and Bawden M (2007). Sources and types of confidence identified by world-class sport performers. J. of Applied Sport Psychology 19: 434-56.
• Javed N, Ashraf M, Qurainy FA and Akram NA (2014). Integration of physio-biochemical processes at different phenological stages of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants in response to heat stress. Pak. J. Bot, 46(6): 2143-50.
• Khan SU, Din JU, Qayyum A, Jan NE and Jenk MA (2015). Heat tolerance indicators in Pakistani wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes. Acta Bot. Croat. 74(1): 109-21.
• Khan SU, Din JU, Gurmani AR, Qayyum A and Khan H (2013). Heat tolerance evaluation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes based on some potential heat tolerance indicators. J. Chem. Soc. Pak, 35(3): 647-53.
• Kirby EJM, Appleyard M and Fellowes G (1985). Variation in development of wheat and barley in response to sowing date and variety. J. Agric. Sci. 104: 383-96.
• Kosina P, Reynolds MP, Dixon J and Joshi AK (2007). Stakeholder perception of wheat production constraints, capacity building needs and research partnerships in developing countries. Euphytica 157: 475-83.
• Longnecker N, Kirby EJM and Robson A (1993). Leaf emergence, tiller growth, and apical development of nitrogen-deficient spring wheat. Crop Sci. 33: 154-60.
• Mathur S and Jajoo A (2014). Physiological mechanisms and adaptation strategies in plants under changing the environment (P. Ahmad and M.R. Wani eds.): Volume 1, Chapter 8: Effects of heat stress on growth and crop yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), pp163-91. Springer Science+Business Media, New York.
• Modhej A, Farhoudi R and Afrous A (2015). Effect of post-anthesis heat stress on grain yield of barley, durum and bread wheat genotypes. Journal of Scientific Research and Devel. 2(6): 127-31.
• Mohammadi M (2012). Effects of kernel weight and source-limitation on wheat grain yield under heat stress. Afric. J. Biotech. 11(12): 2931-37.
• Mohammadi V, Qannadha MR, Zali AA and Yazdi-Samadi B (2006). Effect of post-anthesis heat stress on head traits of wheat. Int. J. Agric. Biol. 1: 42-4.
• Munjal R and Rana RK (2003). Evaluation of physiological traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) for terminal high-temperature tolerance. In: Proceedings of the Tenth International Wheat Genetics Symposium, Classical and Molecular Breeding, pp804-805, 1-6 September 2003. Poestum, Italy.
• Nawaz A, Farooq M, Cheema SA and Wahid A (2013). Differential response of wheat cultivars to terminal heat stress. Int. J. Agric. Biol. 15: 1354-58.
• Pask AJD, Pietragalla J, Mullan DM and Reynolds MP (2012). Physiological breeding II: A field guide to wheat phenotyping, 132 pages, D.F.: CIMMYT, Mexico.
• Ray J and Ahmed U (2015). CT effects on yield and grain growth of different wheat genotypes. Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science 8(7): 48-55.
• Reynolds MP, Balota M, Delgado MIB, Amani I and Fischer RA (1994). Physiological and morphological traits associated with spring wheat yield under hot, irrigated conditions. Austr. J. Plant Physiol. 21: 717-30.
• Reynolds MP, Nagarajan S and McNab A (1996). Increasing yield potential in wheat: Breaking the barriers, 238 pages, D.F.: CIMMYT, Mexico.
• Reynolds MP, Ortiz-Monasterio JI and McNab A (2001). Application of Physiology in Wheat Breeding, 240 pages, D.F.: CIMMYT, Mexico. Sikder S, Ahmed, JU, Hossain T, Miah MAK and Hossain MM (1999). Membrane thermostability, grain growth and contribution of pre-anthesis stem reserve to grain weight under late seeded condition. Thai Journal of Agricultural Science 32(4): 465-73.
• Sikder S and Paul NK (2010). Effects of post-anthesis heat stress on stem reserves mobilization, depression and floret sterility of wheat cultivars. Bangladesh Journal of Botany 39(1): 51-5.
• Steel RGD, and Torrie JH (1960). Principles and Procedures of Statistics. (With Special Reference to the Biological Sci.), 481 pages, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, Toronto, London.
• Wang W, Vinocur B, Shoseyov O and Altman A (2001). Biotechnology of plant osmotic stress tolerance: Physiological and molecular considerations. Acta Horticulture 560: 285-92.
• Wang WX, Vincur B and Altman A (2003). Plant responses to drought, salinity and extreme temperatures: towards genetic engineering for stress tolerance. Planta 218: 1-14.
• Wardlaw I F, Blumenthal C, Larroque O and Wrigley CW (2002). Effects of chronic heat stress and heat shock on grain weight and flour quality in wheat. Funct. Plant Biol. 29: 25-34.
• Yıldırım M, Bahar B, Koç M and Barutçular C (2009). Membrane thermal stability at different developmental stages of spring wheat genotypes and their diallel cross populations. Journal of Agricultural Sciences 15(4): 293-300.
• Zadoks JC, Chang TT and Konzak CF (1974). A decimal code for growth stages of cereals. Weed Res. 14: 415-21.