21. YÜZYILDA YÜKSELEN GÜÇ: ÇİN, İPEK YOLU PROJESİ VE ORTADOĞU’DAKİ ETKİSİ

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 51 - 64, 30.06.2020

Soner Doğan

Öz

Bölgeselcilik üzerine yapılan çalışmalar, II. Dünya savaşından sonra ortaya çıkmıştır. Farklı amaçlar ve belirli bir düzeni sağlamak üzere ortaya çıkan bölgesel yapılanmalar, uluslararası siyaset arenasında önemli görevler ve fonksiyonlar icra etmektedir. Çin’in bölgeselcilik politikası ise 2000’li yıllardan sonra ekonomik, askeri ve siyasi nüfuzunu arttırmaya başlamasıyla birlikte yeni bir paradigmaya evrilmiştir. Bu yüzden Çin, Asya ülkelerine yönelik çevreleme politikasını Ortadoğu coğrafyasına doğru genişletmektedir. 2013 yılında ilan ettiği Yeni İpek Yolu projesi ile bu amacına ulaşmaya çalışmaktadır. Çinli liderler tarafından İpek yolu projesi için iki yorum yaygın olarak kullanılmıştır. Birincisi; Çin’in büyük kartalı daha yükseğe ve daha uzağa uçabilir. Diğeri ise Çin’in umudu; herkesin kendi bahçesini değil, herkes için bir bahçe inşa etmektir. Öte yandan, Çin, yeni İpek yolu projesi ile Neo-liberal ekonomi politik araçlarını kullanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada benimsenen yaklaşım temelde analitiktir. Diğer yandan bu çalışmada Çin’in Ortadoğu politikaları emperyalist mi yoksa kazan-kazan esasına mı dayanıyor konusu tartışılmıştır. Yeni İpek Yolu projesi ile Ortadoğu bölgesinde hedeflediği amaçlar üzerinde durulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yeni İpek Yolu, Çin, Ortadoğu, Bölgeselcilik

Kaynakça

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