Abstract
Günümüzün konum belirleme amaçlı uydu sistemleri içerisinde en yaygın kullanıma ve en geniş kullanıcı kitlesine NAVSTAR-GPS sahiptir. Sistemin temeli, konum belirleme amaçlı ilk uydu sistemi olan Navy Navigation Satellite System’e (TRANSIT) dayanır. Zaman sürecinde beklentileri karşılayamaz hale gelen TRANSIT programı, 1978 yılında yerini GPS projesine bırakmıştır. Küresel konum belirleme amaçlı bu sistem, 24 uydu üzerine kuruludur ve dünyanın farklı bölgelerinde kurulmuş yer istasyonlarınca denetlenmektedir. GPS alıcıları uydulardan gönderilen radyo sinyallerini yorumlayarak üç boyutlu konum bilgilerine ulaşır. Alıcıların ölçüm duyarlılığı başta kullanılan alıcının türüne, atmosferik etkilere, uygulanan ölçüm yöntemlerine ve çevresel etkenlere göre değişiklik gösterir. Coğrafya araştırmalarında geniş bir kullanım alanı bulunan GPS teknolojisinin, klasik konum belirleme yöntemlerinden daha hızlı ve hassas sonuçlar verdiği söylenebilir
References
- Blewit,G.,1997, ˝Basics of the GPS Technique: Observation Equations˝.Department of Geomatics, University of Newcastle, United Kingdom.
- Corrigan, T.M.-Et Al,1999, ˝GPS Risk Assessment Study Final Report˝. Johns Hopkins Unıversity Applied Physics Laboratory, Maryland.
- Enge, P., 2003, ˝GPS Modernization: Capabilities of the New Civil Signals˝. Australian International Aerospace Congress, 29 July-1 August 2003, Brisbane.
- Yinoulis,S.M.,1998, ˝The Transit Satellite Geodesy Program˝. Johns Hopkins University APL Technical Digest, Volume 19, Number 1, Washington.
- Kahveci, M.-Yıldız, F.,2001, Global konum Belirleme Sistemi (Teori-Uygulama). Nobel Yayın Dağıtım, Ankara.
- Yomralıoğlu, T.,2000, Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (Temel Kavramlar ve Uygulamalar). Seçil Ofset, İstanbul.
- The International Trade Administration U.S. Department of Commerce Office of Telecommunications, 1998, GPS Market Projections and Trends in the Newest Global Information Utility, Washington DC.
- US Army Corps of Engineers, Department of Army, 1996, NAVSTAR Global Positioning System Surveying.s.8-9, Washington DC.
- http://www.glonass-center.ru/hist_e.html,
- ftp://tycho.usno.navy.mil/pub/gps/
- http://www.colorado.edu/geography/gcraft/notes/gps/gps.html#DODSystem
- http://www.aselsan.com.tr/DERGI/eylul96/kuresel_fr.htm
- http://www.gpsworld.com/gpsworld/article/articleDetail.jsp?id=8477
- http://europa.eu.int/comm/dgs/energy_transport/galileo/documents/technical_en.htm
Abstract
NAVSTAR-GPS has the widest usage and the largest number of users among the satellites for the purpose of determining location, recently. The basis of this system relies on the first satellite system for determining location, Navy Navigation Satellite System (TRANSIT). TRANSIT program, not satisfying the necessary expectations in years, is replaced by GPS Project in 1978. This new system, targeted at determination of spheric location, is built on 24 satellites and is controlled by land stations constructed in various regions in the world. GPS receivers reach the information of three dimensional location by interpreting radio signals sent through satellites. The measurement sensitivity of the receivers varies due to the type of receiver, athmosferic effect, the methods used for measurement and environmental influences. It can be said that GPS technology, widely used in geography researches, reflects faster and more sensible results compared to the classical methods of determining location
References
- Blewit,G.,1997, ˝Basics of the GPS Technique: Observation Equations˝.Department of Geomatics, University of Newcastle, United Kingdom.
- Corrigan, T.M.-Et Al,1999, ˝GPS Risk Assessment Study Final Report˝. Johns Hopkins Unıversity Applied Physics Laboratory, Maryland.
- Enge, P., 2003, ˝GPS Modernization: Capabilities of the New Civil Signals˝. Australian International Aerospace Congress, 29 July-1 August 2003, Brisbane.
- Yinoulis,S.M.,1998, ˝The Transit Satellite Geodesy Program˝. Johns Hopkins University APL Technical Digest, Volume 19, Number 1, Washington.
- Kahveci, M.-Yıldız, F.,2001, Global konum Belirleme Sistemi (Teori-Uygulama). Nobel Yayın Dağıtım, Ankara.
- Yomralıoğlu, T.,2000, Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (Temel Kavramlar ve Uygulamalar). Seçil Ofset, İstanbul.
- The International Trade Administration U.S. Department of Commerce Office of Telecommunications, 1998, GPS Market Projections and Trends in the Newest Global Information Utility, Washington DC.
- US Army Corps of Engineers, Department of Army, 1996, NAVSTAR Global Positioning System Surveying.s.8-9, Washington DC.
- http://www.glonass-center.ru/hist_e.html,
- ftp://tycho.usno.navy.mil/pub/gps/
- http://www.colorado.edu/geography/gcraft/notes/gps/gps.html#DODSystem
- http://www.aselsan.com.tr/DERGI/eylul96/kuresel_fr.htm
- http://www.gpsworld.com/gpsworld/article/articleDetail.jsp?id=8477
- http://europa.eu.int/comm/dgs/energy_transport/galileo/documents/technical_en.htm
Details
| Other ID | JA52RF92AN |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | April 1, 2005 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2005 Volume: 3 Issue: 1 |