Covid-19 Pandemisinin Girişimcilik Yazınına Yansıması

Year 2020, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 308 - 321, 31.12.2020

Oytun Sezgin

https://doi.org/10.47130/bitlissos.830981

Abstract

Covid-19 pandemisi sadece sağlık alanında değil ekonomi ve sosyal anlamda da bir krize dönüşmektedir. Yaşanan gelişmeler girişimcilik faaliyetleri açısından hem fırsat hem de tehdit oluşturması Covid-19 pandemi sürecinde girişimcilik ile ilgili araştırmaların artışına neden olmaktadır. Araştırmanın amacı Covid-19 pandemisi ile girişimcilik olgusunu birlikte değerlendiren yazının konuyu nasıl irdelediğini anlayabilmek ve bu çalışmaları yöntem ve içerik açısından sorgulamaktır. Sistematik yazın taraması olarak gerçekleştirilen çalışmada, taramalar sonucunda 72 bilimsel çalışma tespit edilerek, 10 farklı ölçüt çerçevesinde sınıflandırılmıştır. Yapılan analizler doğrultusunda, ilgili çalışmaların orijinal makaleye yakın seviyede perspektif/görüş/yorum türünü benimsediği, mikro ile mezo düzeyde çalışmaların makro çalışmalara oranla daha fazla tercih edildiği, araştırma hedefinin betimleyici çalışmalarda yoğunlaştığı tespit edilmiştir. Girişimcilik alanındaki araştırma nişleri açısından çalışmaların; girişimsel fırsat, işletme kurulumu ve sosyal girişimcilik temalarını tercih ettikleri bulgulanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, Covid-19 pandemisi düzleminde girişimcilik araştırmalarının hangi niş alanlara odaklanıldığını ortaya koyarak konuyla ilgili araştırmacılara yol gösterici olacağı umulmaktadır.

Keywords

Girişimcilik, Covid-19, Girişimsel Fırsat, Sosyal Girişimcilik

References

• Aceytuno, M. T., Sánchez-López, C. &, Paz-Báñez, M.A. (2020). Rising Inequality and Entrepreneurship during Economic Downturn: An Analysis of Opportunity and Necessity Entrepreneurship in Spain. Sustainability, 12, 4540.
• Al‐Sarraf, A. (2020). Bankruptcy Reform in The Middle East and North Africa: Analyzing The New Bankruptcy Laws in The UAE, Saudi Arabia, Morocco, Egypt, and Bahrain. International Insolvency Review, 29(2), 159-180.
• Apostolopoulos, N., Ratten, V., Stavroyiannis, S., Makris, I., Apostolopoulos, S., & Liargovas, P. (2020). Rural Health Enterprises in The EU Context: A Systematic Literature Review and Research Agenda, Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy, 14(4) 563-582.
• Ateljevic, I. (2020). Transforming The (Tourism) World for Good and (Re)Generating The Potential ‘New Normal’, Tourism Geographies, 22(3), 467-475.
• Audretsch, D. (2012). Entrepreneurship Research. Management Decision. 50(5), 755-764.
• Bacq, S., & Lumpkin, G. T. (2020) Social Entrepreneurship and Covid-19, Journal of Management Studies, https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/joms.12641
• Bacq, S., Geoghegan, W., Josefy, M., Stevenson, R., & Williams, T. A. (2020). The COVID-19 Virtual Idea Blitz: Marshaling Social Entrepreneurship to Rapidly Respond to Urgent Grand Challenges. Business Horizons. 63(6), 705-723.
• Batat, W. (2020). How Michelin-Starred Chefs are Being Transformed into Social Bricoleurs? An Online Qualitative Study of Luxury Foodservice During The Pandemic Crisis, Journal of Service Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOSM-05-2020-0142
• Beland, L. P., Fakorede, O., & Mikola, D. (2020). Short-Term Effect of COVID-19 on Self-Employed Workers in Canada. Canadian Public Policy, 46(1), 66-81.
• Berterö, C. (2016). Guidelines for Writing A Commentary. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-Being, 11. Blackmore J. (2020). The Carelessness of Entrepreneurial Universities in A World Risk Society: A Feminist Reflection on The Impact of Covid-19 in Australia, Higher Education Research & Development, DOI: 10.1080/07294360.2020.1825348
• Brown, R., & Rocha, A. (2020). Entrepreneurial Uncertainty During The Covid-19 Crisis: Mapping The Temporal Dynamics of Entrepreneurial Finance. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 14, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352673420300305?casa_token=cC8F1KiaAsAAAAAA:-wFuozDLoR22BDP8tKkUx_t3AzcWx3V4nXmOTEEP0rA2Bn6T4ZwdyXKtgQ4DM8edtXixPIerbbB
• Brown, R., Rocha, A., & Cowling, M. (2020). Financing Entrepreneurship in Times of Crisis: Exploring The Impact of COVID-19 on The Market for Entrepreneurial Finance in The United Kingdom. International Small Business Journal, 38(5), 380-390.
• Cadar, O., & Badulescu, D. (2015). Entrepreneur, Entrepreneurship and Intrapreneurship. A Literature Review. https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/82793/1/MPRA_paper_78871.pdf
• Cannavale, C., Zohoorian Nadali, I. and Esempio, A. (2020). Entrepreneurial Orientation and Firm Performance in A Sanctioned Economy – Does The CEO Play A Role?, Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 27(6), 1005-1027.
• Carnevale, J. B., & Hatak, I. (2020). Employee Adjustment and Well-Being in The Era of COVID-19: Implications For Human Resource Management. Journal of Business Research. 116, 183-187.
• Centorrino, G. (2020). Covid-19 and the Search for the Common Good: The Case of Parmon Spa (Italy). Sustainability, 12(16), 6657. Clarkson B., Culvin, A., Pope, S., & Parry, K. D., (2020). Covid-19: Reflections on Threat and Uncertainty for The Future of Elite Women’s Football in England, Managing Sport and Leisure, DOI: 10.1080/23750472.2020.1766377
• Cowling, M., Brown, R., & Rocha, A. (2020). Did You Save Some Cash for A Rainy COVID-19 Day? The Crisis and SMEs. International Small Business Journal, 38(7), 593-604.
• Czarniawska-Joerges, B., & Wolff, R. (1991). Leaders, Managers, Entrepreneurs on and Off The Organizational Stage. Organization Studies, 12(4), 529-546.
• Dashper, K., & Finkel, R. (2020, September). Accessibility, Diversity, and Inclusion in The UK Meetings Industry. Journal of Convention & Event Tourism, 21(4), 283-307.
• Dorin, C., & Alexandru, G. S. (2014). Dynamics of The Entrepreneurship Concept. Literature Review. The Annals Of The University Of Oradea, 23(1), 443-451.
• Esposito De Falco, S., & Renzi, A. (2020). Benefit Corporations and Corporate Social Intrapreneurship, Entrepreneurship Research Journal, 10(4), 20200382. doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/erj-2020-0382
• Desa, G., & Jia, X. (2020). Sustainability Transitions in The Context of Pandemic: An Introduction to The Focused Issue on Social Innovation and Systemic İmpact. Agriultural Human Values 37, 1207–1215.
• Dobrowolski, Z. (2020). The Supreme Audit Institutions Readiness to Uncertainty. Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 8(1), 513-525.
• Dy, A. M., & Jayawarna, D. (2020). Bios, Mythoi and Women Entrepreneurs: A Wynterian Analysis of The Intersectional Impacts of The COVID-19 Pandemic on Self-Employed Women and Women-Owned Businesses. International Small Business Journal, 38(5), 391-403.
• Fairlie, R. (2020). The Impact Of COVID‐19 on Small Business Owners: Evidence from The First 3 Months after Widespread Social‐Distancing Restrictions. Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, 29(4), 727-740.
• Fillion, L. J. (2011) Defining The Entrepreneur. World Encyclopedia of Entrepreneurship (Ed. Dana, L. P.,), 41-52, Edward Elgar Publishing: Massachussets.
• Fossen, F.M. (2020). Self-Employment over The Business Cycle in The USA: A Decomposition. Small Business Economics, 586. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-020-00375-3
• Galetska, T., Natalya, T., & Topishko, I. (2020). Social Responsibility of Economic Enterprises as A Social Good: Practice of The EU and Ukraıne. Baltic Journal of Economic Studies, 6(3), 24-35.
• Gibson, C. (2020). From “Social Distancing” to “Care in Connecting”: An Emerging Organizational Research Agenda for Turbulent Times. Academy of Management Discoveries, 6(2), 165-169.
• Goritiyal, C. & Goritiyal, L. (2020), An Entrepreneurial Opportunity in Civil Aviation & Defence Aerospace Sector in India, Pacific Business Review International, 12(12), 126-132.
• Grandy, G., Cukier, W. & Gagnon, S. (2020). (In)Visibility in The Margins: COVID-19, Women Entrepreneurs and The Need For Inclusive Recovery, Gender in Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/GM-07-2020-0207
• Greene, F. J., & Rosiello, A. (2020). A Commentary on The Impacts of ‘Great Lockdown’and Its Aftermath on Scaling Firms: What are The İmplications for Entrepreneurial Research?. International Small Business Journal: Researching Entrepreneurship, 38(7), 583-592.
• Guerrero, M., & Urbano, D. (2020). Institutional Conditions and Social Innovations in Emerging Economies: Insights From Mexican Enterprises’ Initiatives for Protecting/Preventing The Effect of Violent Events. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 45:929–957.
• Guo, H., Yang, Z., Huang, R., & Guo, A. (2020). The Digitalization and Public Crisis Responses of Small and Medium Enterprises: Implications from a COVID-19 Survey. Frontiers of Business Research in China, 14(1), 1-25.
• Hernández-Sánchez, B. R., Cardella, G. M., & Sánchez-García, J. C. (2020). Psychological Factors that Lessen the Impact of COVID-19 on the Self-Employment Intention of Business Administration and Economics’ Students from Latin America. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(15), 5293. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155293
• Herstatt, C., & Tiwari, R. (2020). Opportunities of Frugality in the Post-Corona Era. http://cfi.global-innovation.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Working_Paper_110-1.pdf
• Hechavarrıa, D. M.,& Ingram, A. E. (2019). Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Conditions and Gendered National-Level Entrepreneurial Activity: A 14-Year Panel Study of GEM, Small Business Economics, 53(2), 431-458.
• Howell, S., Lerner, J., Nanda, R., & Townsend, R., (2020). Financial Distancing: How Venture Capital Follows The Economy Down and Curtails Innovation. Harvard Business School Working Paper, https://www.nber.org/papers/w27150.pdf
• Hudelcu, D. (2020). Fiscal Instruments to Protect the Business Environment in Times of Pandemic. Postmodern Openings, 11(3), 344-358.
• Isabelle, D., Horak, K., McKinnon, S., & Palumbo, C. (2020). Is Porter's Five Forces Framework Still Relevant? A Study of The Capital/Labour Intensity Continuum via Mining and IT Industries. Technology Innovation Management Review, 10(6), 28-41.
• Jaim, J. (2020). Exist or exit? Women business‐owners in Bangladesh during COVID‐19. Gender, Work & Organization. https://doi.org/10.1111/gwao.12546.
• Ketchen Jr, D. J., & Craighead, C. W. (2020). Research at the Intersection of Entrepreneurship, Supply Chain Management, and Strategic Management: Opportunities Highlighted by COVID-19. Journal of Management, 46(8), 1330-1341.
• Lengnick-Hall, C. A. (1992). Innovation and Competitive Advantage: What We Know and What We Need to Learn. Journal of Management, 18(2), 399-429.
• Lim, D. S., Morse, E. A., & Yu, N. (2020). The Impact of The Global Crisis on The Growth of SMEs: A Resource System Perspective. International Small Business Journal, 38(6), 492-503.
• Korsgaard, S., Hunt, R. A., Townsend, D. M., & Ingstrup, M. B. (2020). COVID-19 and The Importance of Space in Entrepreneurship Research and Policy. International Small Business Journal: Researching Entrepreneurship. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0266242620963942
• Lai, S., Leone, F., & Zoppi, C. (2020). Covid-19 and Spatial Planning. TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, 231-246.
• Liu, Y., Lee, J. M., & Lee, C. (2020). The Challenges and Opportunities of A Global Health Crisis: The Management and Business Implications Of COVID-19 From An Asian Perspective. Asian Business & Management, 19, 277-297.
• Lorenzen, M., Mudambi, R., & Schotter, A. (2020). International Connectedness and Local Disconnectedness: MNE Strategy, City-Regions and Disruption. Journal of International Business Studies, 51(8), 1199-1222.
• Lowe, N., & Vinodrai, T. (2020). The Maker-Manufacturing Nexus as a Place-Connecting Strategy: Implications for Regions Left Behind. Economic Geography, 96(4), 315-335.
• Lumpkin, G. T., & Dess, G. G. (1996). Clarifying The Entrepreneurial Orientation Construct and Linking it To Performance. Academy of Management Review, 21(1), 135-172.
• Majumder, K. (2015). 6 Article Types That Journals Publish: A Guide for Early Career Researchers, https://www.editage.com/insights/6-article-types-that-journals-publish-a-guide-for-early-career-researchers.
• Manolova, T. S., Brush, C. G., Edelman, L. F., & Elam, A. (2020). Pivoting to Stay The Course: How Women Entrepreneurs Take Advantage of Opportunities Created by The COVID-19 Pandemic. International Small Business Journal, 38(6), 481-491.
• Maritz, A., Perenyi, A., de Waal, G., & Buck, C. (2020). Entrepreneurship as The Unsung Hero During The Current COVID-19 Economic Crisis: Australian Perspectives. Sustainability, 12(11), 4612.
• Mathew, N., Deborah, I., Karonga, T., & Rumbidzai, C. (2020). The Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown in A Developing Country: Narratives of Self-Employed Women in Ndola, Zambia, Health Care for Women International, DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2020.1823983
• Mirza, N., Naqvi, B., Rahat, B., & Rizvi, S. K. A. (2020). Price Reaction, Volatility Timing and Funds’ Performance during Covid-19. Finance Research Letters, 36, 101657.
• Morgan, T., Anokhin, S., Ofstein, L., & Friske, W. (2020). SME Response to Major Exogenous Shocks: The Bright and Dark Sides of Business Model Pivoting. International Small Business Journal, 38(5), 369-379.
• Morris, M. H. (2020). The Liability of Poorness: Why the Playing Field is Not Level for Poverty Entrepreneurs. Poverty & Public Policy, 12(3), 304-315.
• Neumeyer, X., Ashton, W. S., & Dentchev, N. (2020). Addressing Resource and Waste Management Challenges Imposed by COVID-19: An Entrepreneurship Perspective. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 162, 105058.
• Nummela, N., Paavilainen-Mäntymäki, E., Harikkala-Laihinen, R., & Raitis, J. (2020). When All Doors Close: Implications of COVID-19 for Cosmopolitan Entrepreneurs. International Small Business Journal: Researching Entrepreneurship. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0266242620954127
• Omar, A. R. C., Ishak, S., & Jusoh, M. A. (2020). The Impact Of Covid-19 Movement Control Order on Smes’ Businesses and Survival Strategies. Geografia-Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 16(2), 139-150.
• Pandey, J., Chakraborty, S., Chakraborty, I., Ghosal, P., Singh, N., & Majumdar, S. (2020). Can Developing Countries Handle The Mental Burden due to The Lockdown Situation?: Understanding The Uncertainty and Management of Covid-19 Pandemic. Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management, 15(3), 72-79.
• Ratten, V. (2020a). Coronavirus (Covid-19) and Entrepreneurship: Cultural, Lifestyle and Societal Changes, Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEEE-06-2020-0163
• Ratten, V. (2020b). Coronavirus (Covid-19) and The Entrepreneurship Education Community, Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEC-06-2020-0121
• Ratten, V. (2020c). Coronavirus (covid-19) and Social Value Co-Creation, International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSSP-06-2020-0237
• Ratten, V. (2020d). Coronavirus and International Business: An Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Perspective. Thunderbird International Business Review, 62(5), 629-634.
• Ratten, V. (2020e). Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) and Sport Entrepreneurship, International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 26(6), 1379-1388.
• Ratten, V., & Jones, P. (2020). Enhancing Policies and Measurements of Family Business: Macro, Meso or Micro Analysis, Journal of Family Business Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFBM-07-2020-0062
• Rizvi, S. K. A., Mirza, N., Naqvi, B., & Rahat, B. (2020). Covid-19 and Asset Management in EU: A Preliminary Assessment of Performance and Investment Styles. Journal of Asset Management, 21, 281-291.
• Ruiz-Rosa, I., Gutiérrez-Taño, D., & García-Rodríguez, F. J. (2020). Social Entrepreneurial Intention and the Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic: A Structural Model. Sustainability, 12(17), 6970. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12176970
• Roy, A., Patnaik, B. C. M., & Satpathy, I. (2020). Impact of Covid-19 Crisis on Indian MSME Sector: A Study on Remedial Measures. Eurasian Chemical Communications, 2(9), 991-1000.
• Roy, A., Patnaik, B. C. M., & Satpathy, I. (2020b). Consolidated Recommendations to Change GST Patterns for Managing The Impact Of Covid-19: A Case in India. Eurasian Chemical Communications, 2(9), 1011-1020.
• Saiz-Álvarez, J. M., Vega-Muñoz, A., Acevedo-Duque, Á., & Castillo, D. (2020). B Corps: A Socioeconomic Approach for The COVID-19 Post-Crisis. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1987. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01867
• Saleh, Y. (2020). ICT, Social Media And COVID-19: Evidence from Informal Home-Based Business Community in Kuwait City, Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy, https://doi.org/10.1108/JEC-07-2020-0131
• Salvato, C., Sargiacomo, M., Amore, M. D., & Minichilli, A. (2020). Natural Disasters as A Source of Entrepreneurial Opportunity: Family Business Resilience after An Earthquake. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal. https://doi.org/10.1002/sej.1368
• Sawalha, I.H. (2020). A Contemporary Perspective on The Disaster Management Cycle, Foresight, 22(4), 469-482.
• Shepherd, D. A. (2020). COVID 19 and Entrepreneurship: Time to Pivot?. Journal of Management Studies. https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.12633
• Śledzik, K. (2013). Schumpeter’s View on Innovation and Entrepreneurship. Management Trends in Theory and Practice,(Ed. Hittmar E.), Faculty of Management Science and Informatics, University of Zilina & Institute of Management by University of Zilina.
• Smith, A. M., Duncan, P., Edgar, D., & McColl, J. (2020). Responsible and Sustainable Farm Business: Contextual Duality as The Moderating Influence on Entrepreneurial Orientation. The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation. https://doi.org/10.1177/1465750320944702
• Tung, L. T. (2020). Social Responses for Older People in COVID-19 Pandemic: Experience from Vietnam. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, DOI: 10.1080/01634372.2020.1773596
• van den Hoogen, B., Santoni, A., Sciumé, G., Bowie, A., O’Farrelly, C., O’Neill, L., ... & Manel, N. (2020). Immunometabolism Pathways as The Basis for Innovative Anti-Viral Strategies (INITIATE): A Marie Sklodowska-Curie Innovative Training Network. Virus Research, 287, 198094.
• Varelas, S., & Apostolopoulos, N. (2020). The Implementation of Strategic Management in Greek Hospitality Businesses in Times of Crisis. Sustainability, 12(17), 7211. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12177211
• Weinhardt, M., & Bartosch, J. (2020, June). Surveying Entrepreneurs’ Perception of Society in Times of Corona: A proposal. Survey Research Methods, 14(2), 147-151.
• Wilson, T. E., & Halverson, C. (2020). Home Testing for COVID-19: Lessons from Direct to Consumer Genetics. Journal of Community Genetics, 11(4), 497-499.
• Wortman Jr, M. S. (1987). Entrepreneurship: An Integrating Typology and Evaluation of The Empirical Research in The Field. Journal of Management, 13(2), 259-279.
• Zemtsov, S. (2020). New Technologies, Potential Unemployment and ‘Nescience Economy’during and after The 2020 Economic Crisis. Regional Science Policy & Practice. 12(4), 723-743.
• Zhang, Y., Diao, X., Chen, K.Z., Robinson, S. and Fan, S. (2020). Impact Of COVID-19 on China's Macroeconomy and Agri-Food System – An Economy-Wide Multiplier Model Analysis, China Agricultural Economic Review, 12(3), 387-407.