İklim Değişimi Sürecinin Sürdürülebilir ve Güvenli Gıda Üretimine Etkisi

Year 2022, Volume: 36 Issue: 2, 447 - 460, 01.12.2022

Selin Özge Dinç , İbrahim Ender Künili , Fatma Çolakoğlu

https://doi.org/10.20479/bursauludagziraat.994886

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Dünyanın doğal döngüsü, sanayi devriminden sonra başlayan ve artarak devam eden insan aktivitelerinden etkilenmektedir. İlk olarak fosil yakıtların tüketimi ile kendini göstermeye başlayan insani etkiler, küreselleşmeye bağlı mobilite, beslenme faaliyetleri ve sanayileşme ile yüksek seviyelere ulaşmıştır. Bu etkiler atmosfer bileşiminin dengesini bozarak iklimde değişiklikler meydana getirmektedir. Değişen iklimin ise neden olduğu birçok olumsuz sonuç bulunmakta, bunlar arasında en önemlilerinden biri gıda üretimindeki değişimler olarak görülmektedir. İklim değişikliği, gıda üretiminde sürdürülebilirliği etkileyen başlıca faktördür. Sürdürülebilirliğin sağlanması, ilk etapta üretim teknolojilerinin değişmesi ve yerel ürünlerin yerine değişen iklime uygun türlerin yetiştirilmesi ile mümkün görünmektedir. Yanı sıra, gıda üretiminin sekteye uğramadan toplumların ihtiyacının karşılayabilmesi için farklı uygulamalar da yapılmaktadır. Bu uygulamalar arasında ise daha çok korunma ve büyümeyi destekleme amaçlı kimyasal kullanımı ile tohumlarda genetik modifikasyon tekniğinin kullanımı, ön plana çıkmaktadır. Ancak üretimde kullanılan bu uygulamaların niteliği, kapsamı ve büyüklüğü hakkında tüketicide önemli düzeyde bilgi eksikliği ve şüpheler bulunmaktadır. İklimde yaşanan olumsuzluklara rağmen, üretimde yeni uygulamaların kullanımı bugün ve gelecekte gıda üretimlerini mümkün kılacaktır. Ancak bu durum, güvenli gıda konusunda bilinçlenen tüketicide negatif algı oluşturmakta, kaygılar gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Yapılan bu çalışmada, değişen iklim koşullarına ayak uydurmak amacıyla kullanılan uygulamaların, bitkisel ve hayvansal üretimde sürdürülebilirliğe etkisi irdelenecek ve gıda güvenliği konusu açısından etkileri değerlendirilecektir.

Keywords

Gıda Güvenliği, Gıda Üretimi, İklim Değişikliği, Sürdürülebilirlik, Tüketici Algısı

Impact of Climate Change Process on Sustainable and Safe Food Production

Abstract

The natural cycle of the world is affected by the human activities that started after the industrial
revolution and have continued to increase. Human impacts, which first started to show themselves with the consumption of fossil fuels, reached high levels with mobility, nutrition activities, and industrialization due to globalization. Climate change is caused by these effects and alters the balance of the atmosphere's composition. The changing climate has a series of negative implications on which one of the most significant is in food production. Climate change is the main factor affecting sustainability in food production. Sustainability appears to be possible, in the first place, by changing production technologies and raising species suitable for the changing climate instead of local products. Furthermore, many applications are developed in order to suit the needs of civilizations without disrupting food production. Chemicals for protection and growth support, as well as the use of genetic modification techniques in seeds, are among these applications. However, there is significant lack of information and doubts in the consumer about the nature, extent and size of these applications
used in production. Despite these negativities, food production will be possible today and in future. However, this situation creates negative perception in the consumer who understands the importance of safe food, and concerns are increasing by days. The implications of production applications employed to keep up with changing climatic circumstances on the sustainability of plant and animal production, as well as their influence on consumer knowledge of food safety, were evaluated in this study.

Keywords

Food Security, Food Production, Climate Change, Sustainability, Consumer Perception

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