WRITING RULES and AUTHOR’S GUIDELINE

* Articles should be prepared according to the ISNAD Citation System. Depending on the field of science, either The ISNAD Citation Style In-Text Format or The ISNAD Citation Style Footnote Format can be preferred.
** Multi-Authored Manuscripts: Authors are required to carefully review the list and order of authors before submitting their manuscript and to provide the definitive list of authors at the time of original submission.

B) WRITING RULES
The submitted manuscripts should be arranged in the following order of presentation:
1. Title: The title should be chosen from words and terms that best describe the content. The title, which is bold and capitalized, should not exceed twelve (12) words.
2. Author name(s) and address(es): Each author's name and surname should be written in bold, while their addresses should be in italic characters. The institution, email, and ORCID number of each author should be provided.
3. Abstract: At the beginning of the article, there must be an abstract in Turkish. The abstract should clearly and concisely elucidate the topic within a range of 75 to 150 words. It should not contain bibliographies, figures, or notes. Between the abstract and keywords, one empty line must be left. The keywords should consist of at least 5 and at most 8 words. Following the keywords, the abstract and keywords must be translated into English.
4. Main Body of the Text: Articles should be composed using the MS Word program, with Gentium Plus font type. The text should be formatted in 12-point size with 1.5 line spacing on A4 paper (29.7x21 cm). There should be a 2.5 cm margin on all sides of the page, and pages should be numbered. The article should not exceed 9000 words, while book reviews should be limited to 1000 words. Text passages requiring emphasis should be italicized rather than bolded.
5. Section Titles: The manuscript should be organized with main titles and sub-titles to provide systematic information. If necessary, all headings can be numbered. The main titles (main sections, references, and appendices) should be fully capitalized, while the sub-titles should capitalize only the first letter and be written in bold. Sub-titles should be followed by a colon, and the text should continue on the same line after the colon. The titles should adhere to the ISNAD citation style.
6. Tables and Figures: Tables should be numbered and accompanied by captions. Vertical lines should not be used in the tables, while horizontal lines should be used solely to separate the sub-titles within the table. The table number should be written at the top, fully aligned to the left. Captions should be written in italics, with the first letter of each word capitalized. Tables should be placed where they are most appropriate in the text. Figures should be prepared to be compatible with black-and-white printing. Figure numbers and captions should be centered directly below the figures. The numbers of figures should be written in italics and followed by a full stop, while the figure titles should be presented vertically with only the first letter capitalized.
7. Pictures: Pictures should be included in articles at high-resolution print quality. The same principles applied to naming figures and tables should be followed for pictures. The combined total of pages containing figures, tables, and pictures should not exceed 10 pages (no more than one-third of the article's length).

C) FINAL CHECKLIST
The following checklist is beneficial for the final review of the prepared article before submission to the journal system. Please ensure that the following items are provided before submission:
a) Author information has been provided (including English versions).
• Email address
• Complete mailing address
• Phone number
b) All necessary files have been uploaded.
• Article text
• Copyright Notice Text
c) The article has been "spelling checked" and "grammar checked."
d) All references cited in the bibliography are cited in the text and vice versa.

D) SUBMIT ARTICLE
In applications, the account of the study's corresponding author should be used. All correspondence regarding the application is forwarded to the corresponding author via e-mail sent through the journal system, DERGIPARK. When uploading the article file, make sure that this file does not contain any elements that would reveal the author's identity due to the double-blind peer review process.
During submission, the following commitment is electronically obtained from the author:
1. I am authorized (or authorized by the co-authors) to submit this work to your journal.
2. The manuscript is original, has not been formally published in another peer-reviewed journal, is not under review by another journal, and does not violate any existing copyright or other third-party rights.
3. I/We agree that if the article is accepted for editorial publication, it will be licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) license.
4. The copyright and intellectual property rights of the author(s), or if applicable, the author(s)' employer, are reserved. The authors undertake that the publisher is not responsible for any claims or lawsuits filed by third parties due to copyright infringement and that all responsibility belongs to them.
5. The authors undertake that there are no criminal elements or illegal expressions in the article and that no illegal materials or methods were used during the research.

E) AUTHOR'S GUIDE

Authorship and Contribution
Authorship should be limited to those who made significant contributions to the conception, design, conduct or interpretation of the study. All significant contributors should be listed as co-authors. If there were minor contributors to the study, such as language editing, they should be acknowledged in the acknowledgments section. The corresponding author should ensure that all co-authors have seen and approved the final version of the manuscript and agree to its submission for publication. Authors are expected to carefully review the list and order of authors before submitting their manuscript and to provide the final author list at the time of original submission. Only under exceptional circumstances and with the unanimous consent of all authors, may the Editor-in-Chief consider requests for addition, deletion, or rearrangement of authors after submission. Authors take joint responsibility for the work.

Author Change Requests
Addition, deletion or rearrangement of author names in the author list can only be made before the manuscript is accepted and only if approved by the editor of the journal. If such a change is requested, the Editor will request from the responsible author (a) the reason for the change in the author list and (b) written confirmation (e-mail) from all authors that they agree to the addition. Only in exceptional cases will the editor consider the addition, deletion or reorganization of authors after the article has been accepted.

Article Writing
Authors of original research papers should address the topic in an original and objective manner. The paper should include sufficient detail and references to enable others to replicate the work. Fraudulent or knowingly false statements constitute unethical behavior and are unacceptable.

Originality
The author must ensure that the article is original, has not been previously published elsewhere, and is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, including in another language.
Using Original Sources and Citation
Authors should ensure that their work is entirely original, and if they have utilized the ideas or words of others, proper citations must be provided. Information obtained privately, such as through conversations, correspondence, or discussions with third parties, should not be used without the explicit written consent of the source.

Data Access and Preservation
Authors may be requested to provide research data to support their articles for editorial review and/or to adhere to the journal's open data policies. Authors should be ready to grant public access to such data whenever feasible and to maintain it for a reasonable duration post-publication. The journal recommends uploading research data to TUBITAK's Aperta Portal.

Multiple and Simultaneous Publication
An author should refrain from publishing the same research article in multiple journals, as it violates ethical standards. Simultaneous submission of the same article to multiple journals is also considered unethical. Additionally, submitting a previously published article for consideration in another journal is discouraged, except in the form of an abstract.

Publication of Studies Based on Surveys and Interviews
For research conducted in all scientific fields that require Ethical Committee approval, ethical approval must be obtained, stated, and documented in the article. In studies requiring ethical committee approval, information regarding the approval (committee name, date, and number) should be provided in the methods section, as well as on one of the first/last pages of the article. In case presentations (interviews, etc.), information should be provided in the article indicating that informed consent forms were signed by the individuals from whom the data were collected.

Conflict of Interest
Any financial or other interest that may cause the person to be conflicted in his or her work, significantly impair his or her objectivity, or provide an unfair advantage in favor of any person or organization. All sources of financial support received during the conduct of the research and preparation of the manuscript and the role of sponsors in the study should be disclosed. If there is no source of funding, this should also be indicated. Examples of potential conflicts of interest that should be disclosed include consultancies, salaries, grants. Potential conflicts of interest should be disclosed at the earliest possible stage.

Error Reporting
When an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in his/her published work, he/she should notify the journal immediately. It is also the author's obligation to cooperate in withdrawing or correcting the manuscript if deemed necessary by the editor. If the editor or publisher learns from a third party that a published work contains an error, it is the author's obligation to cooperate with the editor, including informing the editor.

Image Integrity
It is not acceptable to enhance, darken, move, remove or add a specific feature in an image. Authors must adhere to the policy for graphic images implemented by the journal.