Trauma, Grief Process and Religious Coping After Natural Disaster: A Qualitative Research on the Kahramanmaraş Earthquake

Year 2024, , 511 - 552, 15.07.2024

Nurdan Yağlı Soykan

https://doi.org/10.53683/gifad.1431842

Abstract

On February 6, 2023 at 04:17, two major earthquakes with magnitudes of 7.8 and 7.5 occurred at a depth of only 5 km in Kahramanmaraş, Turkey. According to official figures, around 50,000 people in Turkey lost their lives and more than 120,000 people were injured as a result of the earthquakes. The majore earthquakes directly affected around 15 million people living in 11 provinces in Turkey. The damage caused by the disaster was so great that it was dubbed the "Disaster of the Century" in the local and foreign press. This study aimed to determine how individuals who experienced these earthquakes made sense of the earthquake, which coping strategies they used to overcome earthquake-related stress, their references to religious coping strategies with in these strategies, and what their spiritual needs might be in their post-earthquake lives. Phenomenological design was preferred in this study in which qualitative research method was adopted. A semi-structured interview form was used as a data collection tool. Purposive selection technique was used to determine the study group. Thirty adults, 20 women and 10 men, who were in the region at the time of the earthquake and who experienced the earthquake, participated in thestudy. The findings obtained were subjected to content analysis using the deductive method. After the interviews with individuals who experienced the earthquake, five main themes were reached. These are trauma, grief and mourning, spiritual needs and religious coping.

Keywords

Psychlogy of Religion, Coping, Religious Coping, Earthquake, Spirituality

Doğal Afet Sonrası Travma, Yas ve Dini Başa Çıkma: Kahramanmaraş Depremi Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma

Abstract

6 Şubat 2023 saat 04.17’de Türkiye/Kahramanmaraş’ta yerin sadece 5 km derinliğinde büyüklüğü 7,8 ve 7,5 olan iki büyük deprem meydana geldi. Depremler sonucunda Türkiye’de resmî rakamlara göre 50 bin civarında insan hayatını kaybetti ve 120 binden fazla insan yaralandı. Büyük depremler Türkiye’de 11 ilde yaşayan yaklaşık 15 milyon insanı doğrudan etkiledi. Afetin yol açtığı hasar o kadar büyüktü ki yerli ve yabancı basında “Yüzyılın Afeti” olarak isimlendirildi. Bu çalışma söz konusu depremleri yaşayan bireylerin depremi nasıl anlamlandırdıklarını, depreme bağlı gelişen stresin üstesinden gelmek için hangi başa çıkma stratejilerini kullandıklarını, bu stratejiler içerisinde dini başa çıkma stratejilerine yaptıkları atıfları ve deprem sonrası yaşamlarında manevi gereksinimlerinin neler olabileceğini tespit etmeyi amaçlamıştır. Nitel araştırma yönteminin benimsendiği bu çalışmada fenomenolojik desen tercih edilmiştir. Veri toplama aracı olarak yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Çalışma grubunun belirlenmesinde amaçlı seçme tekniği tercih edilmiştir. Araştırmaya deprem anında bölgede bulunan ve depremi yaşayan 20 kadın 10 erkek olmak üzere 30 yetişkin birey katılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, tüme varım yöntemiyle içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Deprem yaşayan bireylerle gerçekleştirilen görüşmeler sonrasında beş ana temaya ulaşılmıştır. Bunlar; travma, yas ve matem, manevi ihtiyaçlar ve dini başa çıkma unsurlarıdır.

Keywords

Din Psikolojisi, Başa Çıkma, Dini Başa Çıkma, Deprem, Maneviyat

Ethical Statement

BU çalışmada hiç bir canlıya bedenen ve ruhen zarar verilmemiştir. Çalışmanın her aşamasında etik kurallara riayet edilmiştir.

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