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Okul Öncesi Dönemde Kültürel Miras Eğitimine İlişkin Öğretmen Görüşleri: Denizli İli Örneği

Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 175 - 203, 27.03.2021
https://doi.org/10.32572/guntad.878268

Abstract

Kültürel miras geçmişten günümüze gelen ve gelecek nesillere aktarılması gereken değerler bütünüdür. Bu çalışmada okul öncesi öğretmenlerin kültürel miras algısı ve okul öncesinde kültürel miras eğitime bakış açıları araştırılmıştır. Çalışma Denizli’de okul öncesi çocuklarla çalışan 74 öğretmeninin kültürel miras eğitimine ilişkin görüşlerinin belirlenmesini amaçlamaktadır ve çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden tekli durum çalışması ve örnekleme yöntemlerinden amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır ve elde edilen verilerin analizinde betimsel analiz tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmada, öğretmenlerin yaklaşık yarısının kültürel miras denildiğinde “bir milletin geçmişten günümüze gelen maddi ve manevi değerleri” düşündükleri ortaya konulmuştur. Bunun yanı sıra gelenek, “gelenek, görenek, örf ve adetler”, “milli değerler” ve “evrensel değerler” gibi farklı cevaplar da verilmiştir. Öğretmenler kültürel mirası çoğunlukla bir milletin geçmişten günümüze gelen maddi-manevi değerleri olarak görmektedir (n=50; %48.54). Okul Öncesi öğretmenler kültürel miras öğeleri arasında doğal ve tarihi alanları (n=59; %38.31) ilk sırada görmektedirler. Ankete katılanların tamamı okul öncesi dönemde kültürel miras eğitimi verilmesi yönünde görüş belirtmiştir. Öğretmenlerinin okul öncesi dönemde kültürel miras eğitimine yer verilmesine yönelik nedenleri arasında en çok “ağaç yaş iken eğilir” (n=21; %24.14) ve “kültürü öğrenmek ve korumak için” (n=18; %20.69) nedenleri gelmektedir. Ankete katılan öğretmenlerin tümünün çocuklar ile kültürel miras eğitimine yönelik olarak, kültürel miras eğitiminde sanat etkinliği, fen etkinliği, matematik etkinliği, Türkçe etkinliği, oyun etkinliği, okuma yazma hazırlık etkinliği, alan gezisi ve drama etkinlikleri yaptırdıkları anlaşılmaktadır. Katılımcıların yarısından fazlasının (n=40; %54.05) eğitim programının kültürel miras eğitiminde beklentilerini karşıladığı görülürken, 34 katılımcının (%44.05) konu ile ilgili beklentilerini karşılamadığı anlaşılmaktadır. Öğretmenlerin büyük bir çoğunluğunun (n=68; %91.89) kültürel miras eğitiminde materyal kullandığı ve konu ile ilgili hizmet içi eğitim almadıkları (n=62; %83.78) görülmüştür.

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Teachers' Views on Cultural Heritage Education in Preschool: The Case of Denizli

Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 175 - 203, 27.03.2021
https://doi.org/10.32572/guntad.878268

Abstract

Cultural heritage is a set of values that have come from the past and should be passed on to future generations. In this study, preschool teachers' perception of cultural heritage and their perspective on cultural heritage education in preschool were investigated. The study aims to determine the views of 74 teachers on cultural heritage education who work with preschool children in Denizli. In the study, purposeful sampling method, among qualitative research methods, single case study and sampling methods were used. In the study, the structured interview form developed by the researchers was used as the data collection tool, and the descriptive analysis technique was used in the analysis of the data obtained. In the study, it was revealed that nearly half of the teachers think of "the material and moral values of a nation from the past to the present" when cultural heritage is mentioned. In addition, different answers were given such as “tradition”, "customs and traditions", "national values" and "universal values". Teachers mostly consider cultural heritage as the material-spiritual values of a nation from the past to the present (n = 50; 48.54%). Preschool teachers consider natural and historical areas (n = 59; 38.31%) in the first place among cultural heritage items. All of the respondents expressed their views on cultural heritage education in the preschool period. Among the reasons for teachers to include cultural heritage education in the preschool period, the most common reasons are "the tree bends at its age" (n = 21; 24.14%) and "to learn and protect culture" (n = 18; 20.69%). It is understood that all of the teachers participating in the questionnaire have organized art activities, science activities, mathematics activities, Turkish activities, games activities, literacy preparation activities, field trips and drama activities in cultural heritage education with children. While it is observed that more than half of the participants (n = 40; 54.05%) met their expectations in cultural heritage education, it is understood that 34 participants (44.05%) did not meet their expectations on the subject. It was observed that the majority of the teachers (n = 68; 91.89%) used materials in cultural heritage education and did not receive in-service training (n = 62; 83.78%).

References

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  • Asunakutlu, T. ve Safran, B. (2004). Kültürel farklılıklardan kaynaklanan çatışmalara yönelik bir araştırma (Marmaris turizm sektörü örneği). Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 6(1), 26-49.
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  • Barghi, R., Zakaria, Z., Hamzah, A. ve Hashim, N. H. (2017). Heritage education in the primary school standard curriculum of Malaysia. Teaching and Teacher Education, 61, 124-131.
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  • Campbell, R. (2001). Read-alouds with young children. Newark, NJ: International Reading Association.
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  • Copeland, T. (1993). A teacher's guide to geography and the historic environment. London, England: English Heritage.
  • Copeland, T. (2004). Heritage and education: A European perspective (pp. 18e22). The Hague Forum 2004.
  • Copeland, T. (2006). European democratic citizenship, heritage education and identity. Strasbourg, France: Council of Europe.
  • Curtis, R. ve Seymour, C. (2004). Louisiana heritage education program and heritage in the classroom: Children's attitudes toward cultural heritage. Journal of Social Studies Research, 28(2), 20e24.
  • Dönmez, C. ve Yeşilbursa, C. C. (2014). Kültürel miras eğitiminin öğrencilerin somut kültürel mirasa yönelik tutumlarına etkisi. Elementary Education Online, 13(2).
  • Eryazıcıoğlu, E. ve Cengiz, H. (2018). İnsan Hakları Odaklı Bir Kültürel Miras Sistemi İçin Değerlendirme Modeli. Megaron, 13(4).
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  • Gardner H. (2006). How the child perceives the world. Methods of teaching in harmony with the ways of thinking of the child. Athens: Atrapos.
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  • Haddad, N. A. (2014). Heritage multimedia and children edutainment: assessment and recommendations. Advances in Multimedia.
  • Hade, D. (2013). Books in the classroom: The differences among us. Horn Book Magazine, 69, 642–645. Harrison, R. (2012). Heritage: critical approaches. London: Routledge.
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  • Hunter, K. (1988). Heritage education in the social studies. Bloomington, IN: Information Analysis.
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  • Kailash, K. M. (2001). Curriculum Development for Cultural Heritage Studies, http://ignca.nic.in/nl001703.htm
  • Keskin, S. C. ve Keskin, Y. (2009). Cumhuriyet Dönemi İlkokul (İlköğretim 1. Kademe) Sosyal Bilgiler ve Onun Kapsamına Giren Ders Programlarında Bir Değer Olarak" Barış" ın Yeri. Değerler Eğitimi Dergisi, 7(17), 69-92.
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  • Köroğlu, Ö., Ulusoy Y. H. ve Avcıkurt, C. (2018). Kültürel Miras Kavramına İlişkin Algıların Metafor Analizi Yoluyla İncelenmesi, Turizm Akademik Dergisi, 5 (1), 98-113.
  • KTB (2020), Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı, Somut Olmayan Kültürel Mirasın Korunması Sözleşmesi Hakkında, https://aregem.ktb.gov.tr/TR-50837/somut-olmayan-kulturel-mirasin-korunmasi-sozlesmesi-hak-.html. Erişim 9 Aralık 2020.
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There are 74 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Tourism (Other)
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Hande Mutlu Öztürk 0000-0002-4404-0106

Hande Güngör 0000-0002-3016-1775

Hülya Gülay Ogelman 0000-0002-4245-0208

Publication Date March 27, 2021
Acceptance Date March 26, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 5 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Mutlu Öztürk, H., Güngör, H., & Gülay Ogelman, H. (2021). Okul Öncesi Dönemde Kültürel Miras Eğitimine İlişkin Öğretmen Görüşleri: Denizli İli Örneği. Güncel Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 5(1), 175-203. https://doi.org/10.32572/guntad.878268

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