Hatıraların Seçici Yeniden Yaratımı: Erdebil, İran’da Şeyh Safi Al-Din Hangah ve Türbe Yapı Grubu Örneği

Year 2016, Volume: 7 Issue: 19, 402 - 426, 31.05.2016

Ece Kumkale Açıkgöz Yousef Daneshvar Rouyandozagh

Abstract

Bu
çalışma Dünya Mirası Listesine alınmış bir tarihi eserin, idealize edilen bir
geçmişe olan ortak özlemden beslenen, seçilmiş hatıraların yeniden yaratılması
süreci ile sosyal ve kültürel kimliği yeniden tanımlamak için
işlevlendirilmesini inceler. İran’ın Erdebil kentinde, Şeyh Safi al-Din Zaviye
ve Tapınak Yapı Grubu’nun ICOMOS rehberliğinde yürütülen tarihi çevre düzenleme
projesi, tarihi yapı koruma ve onarım çalışmalarını içeren çekirdek bölge ile
tam anlamıyla eski bir kent merkezi görünümüne kavuşturulmak üzere yenileme
için ayrılmış olan bir ara bölgeden oluşmaktadır. Çalışma, bu miras mülkü
özelinde, özellikle ara bölge düzenlemelerine odaklanarak yerel toplulukların
zaman içinde katmanlaşarak kurdukları yer hissinin korunması veya sürdürülmesi
konularında uluslararası dünya mirası koruma organizasyonları tarafından
desteklenen bir garantinin olmadığını tartışmaktadır. Çalışma konusu alanın
düzenlenmesinde güncel durumda kültür turizmi için işlevlendirilme ya da diğer
bir sebep ile geçmişte yaşamış kentsel topluluklara ait farklı katmanların
tamamının eşit derecede vurgulanmadığı ya da korunmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Kültürel miras, özgünlük, yer duyusu kavramları ve bu kavramların yeri yapmaya
olan katkısına odaklanan yazın taraması ile bu çalışma, istenmeyen bir geçmişin
yerinden edilmesi ve kentsel bir tarihsellik yaratma sürecini açığa
çıkarmaktadır.

Keywords

Yer Hissi, Özgünlük, Sahte Tarihi Mimari, UNESCO Dünya Mirası, Sosyal Sürdürülebilirlik

Selective Re-creation of Remembrances: The Case of Sheikh Safi al-Din Khānegāh and Shrine Ensemble in Ardabil, Iran

Abstract

This is an inquiry
into the functionalisation of a historical monument in the World Heritage List,
on defining a social and cultural identity through a process of selective
re-creation of remembrances, that is constituted by a common sense of longing
for the idealized past. The Case of Sheikh Safi al-Din Khānegāh and Shrine
Ensemble in Ardabil, Iran includes a core zone that is subject to the historic
preservation processes under the guidance of ICOMOS; and a buffer zone that is
left for renovation to achieve a complete sense of a historical old town with a
great contribution of new buildings and spaces that look historic without being
historical. It is argued that there is the lack of a guarantee provided by the
international world heritage organizations for securing and sustaining the
sense of place of the local communities that is challenged by a number of
purposes including the touristic function of the World Heritage property. For
the case of this study it is revealed that either for the touristic function or
for some other purpose, not all the urban communities of the past are equally
emphasized and protected in the current realm. Based on the literature review
on the concepts of cultural heritage, authenticity, sense of place and their
contribution to the act of place making, this study reveals the ongoing process
of displacement of an unwanted past for creating an urban historicity. 

Keywords

Sense of Place, Authenticity, Counterfeit Historic Architecture, UNESCO World Heritage, Social Sustainability

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