WRITING RULES
General Principles
1. The Human Rights Yearbook accepts articles written in both Turkish and English.
2. Manuscripts submitted to the journal must not have been published or submitted elsewhere. The submission of the manuscript to our journal constitutes the author's commitment in this respect.
3. Articles submitted by authors are assumed to have been checked and are considered ready for publication. In the preliminary review, articles that do not comply with the journal’s writing rules or have an excessive number of writing errors will be rejected.
4. Articles submitted to the journal must not be less than 3,000 words and not more than 15,000 words. Abstracts and bibliographies are not included in the word limit.
5. Abbreviations and a table of contents should not be included in the manuscript.
6. Author names, institution or organization information, academic titles, areas of expertise, ORCID numbers, and email addresses must be clearly and accurately written on the Cover form. Author information should not be included in the article text.
7. Cover Form, Ethical Declaration Form, and Copyright Transfer Form must also be uploaded to the system along with the articles.
8. You will have access to the Human Rights Yearbook Article format here.

Font, Size, Line Spacing, and Writing of Paragraphs:
1. Articles should be written in “Microsoft Word” software and the Latin letters should be used.
2. The main text of the article should conform to the following rules:
• Times New Roman, 12 pt, justified alignment, 1.5 line spacing
• 6 pt paragraph spacing before and after paragraphs and headings,
• 1.25 Paragraph indentation for the first paragraph.
3. References in the article should be cited using the footnote method.
4. The footnotes should be written in accordance with the following rules:
• Times New Roman, 10 pt font size, justified alignment, single line spacing,
• 0 pt paragraph spacing before and after footnotes

Title, Abstract and Keywords:
1. The main title of the academic work should comply with the following rules:
• It should be written in Times New Roman, 12 pt font size, bold, in all capital letters, with 1.5 line spacing, and center-aligned.
• A paragraph spacing of 6 pt should be applied after the title.
2. After the title, an abstract of at least 100 and at most 250 words, written in the language of the academic work, along with five keywords, should be included.
• The abstract and keywords should be written in Times New Roman, 12-point font size, italic, justified alignment, and single line spacing.
• A paragraph spacing of 6 pt should be applied to the abstract and keywords.
• Paragraphs should be justified and should not have a first-line indent.
3. Studies written in Turkish should include the English translations of the main title, abstract, and keywords after the abstract and keywords written in the language in which the academic study is written.
4. The same rules should be followed in the English translation of the main title, abstract, and keywords.
5. In addition to the English title, abstract, and keywords, the author may include the title, abstract, and keywords in German or French.

Extended abstract:
In order to increase the visibility and citation rate of articles written in Turkish in international circles, an extended abstract of 600-800 words in English should be prepared. The abstract should comprehensively summarize the purpose, hypothesis, and results of the article. Particular attention should be paid to English spelling and grammar rules. The extended abstract should be placed after the other abstracts.

Chapter Titles:
1. Chapter titles should be written in accordance with the following rules:
• Times New Roman, 12 pt, left alignment, bold,
• 1.25 Paragraph indentation for the first paragraph.
2. The following example should be considered in titling:
Example:
INTRODUCTION
I . TERRITORIAL JURISDICTION OF THE COURT
II. PERSONAL JURISDICTION OF THE COURT
A. From the Complainant's Perspective: Who can apply to the Court?
1. State Application: Inter-State Cases
a. Data on state applications
b. Interventions by states as third parties
2. Individual applications
a. Those who can make individual applications
(1) Persons
(2) Non-governmental organisations
(3)Individual groups
B. Respondent Party: Contracting States
1. Negative Obligation of States Parties
2. Positive Obligation of State Parties
3. A Consequence of Positive Obligation: Horizontal Effect of the Convention
III. SUBJECT MATTER JURISDICTION OF THE COURT
IV. JURISDICTION OF THE COURT IN TERMS OF TIME
CONCLUSION

Citation Rules and Bibliography:
1. Works submitted to the Human Rights Yearbook must follow the Chicago style (Chicago Manual of Style) for footnotes and bibliography.
2. The bibliography should begin on a new page (separate page with a break).
3. The bibliography should be written in single line spacing, leaving 12 nk space after each entry, a hanging indent (like the beginning of a paragraph, starting from the inside), and arranged alphabetically.
4. Court decisions should not be included in the bibliography; they should be presented under a separate heading.
5. Citations of referred resources in the text should be added as footnotes at the end of each page.
6. When citing multiple works in a footnote, they should be separated by semicolons.
7. The basic rules and examples for citations are as follows. For any citation cases not covered in these examples, the references should be formatted in accordance with the most recent edition of the Chicago Manual of Style.
Books
• Books with one author: the author’s First name and Surname, Title of the Book (Place of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication), and page number should be provided; In subsequent citations of the same source, The author’s surname, the abbreviated title of the book, and the page number should be used.
First citation: Münci Kapani, Kamu Hürriyetleri ( Ankara: Yetkin Kitabevi, 2013), 23.
Subsequent citation: Kapani, Kamu Hürriyetleri, 13.
• Books with multiple authors: the author’s First name and Surname and The other author's First name and Surname, Title of the Book (Place of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication), and the page number should be provided; In subsequent citations of the same source,surnames of the authors, the abbreviated name of the book, and the page number should be used.
First citation: Bahtiyar Akyılmaz, Murat Sezginer ve Cemil Kaya, Türk İdare Hukuku (Ankara: Savaş Kitabevi, 2021), 222.
Subsequent citation: Akyılmaz, Sezginer ve Kaya, İdare Hukuku, 222.
• Editorial books: Editor’s Name and Surname, (Ed.), Title of the Study (Place of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication), Page number should be written; In subsequent citations, Editor's Surname, Abbreviated Title of the Study, Page number should be used.
First citation: Eva Brems (Ed.), Conflicts Between Fundamental Rights (Antwerp-Oxford Portland:Intersentia, 2008), 12-13.
Subsequent citation: Brems, Conflicts Between Fundamental Rights, 14.

Book Chapters
• The author's First name and Surname, “Title of the Chapter”, In Name of the Editor (Ed.), Name of the Book (Place of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication), page number
First citation: Dirk Voorhoof, “Freedom of Expression versus Privacy and the Right to Reputation How to Preseve Public Interest Journalism”, In Stijn Smet ve Eva Brems (Ed.), When Human Rights Clash at the European Court of Human Rights Conflict or Harmony (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017), 149.
Subsequent citation: Voorhoof, “Freedom of Expression”, 150.

Articles
• Name Surname, “Title of the Article”, the Name of the Journal in which it was published, Volume Number of the Journal, Issue (Year Information): The cited page/s should be written. In subsequent citations to the same article, the surname of the author, if necessary, the Abbreviated Name of the article and page number should be provided.
First citation: Yaşar Salihpaşaoğlu, “Açık ve Mevcut Tehlike Kriteri ve Türk Hukuk Sistemine Yansımaları”, Liberal Düşünce Dergisi, S. 52 (2008), 233.
Subsequent citation: Salihpaşaoğlu, “Açık ve Mevcut Tehlike Kriteri”, 241.

Translated Works
Author's First Name Last Name, Title of the Work, Translator's First Name Last Name (trans.) (Place of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication), page number.
Book example: Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan, Semih Lim (Çev.) (İstanbul: YKY Yayınları, 2020), 85.
Article example: Kai Ambos, “Devlet Masumların Hayatını Kurtarmak İçin Şüphelilere İşkence Yapabilir Mi?”, Zeynep Hazar, Elif Gül Yılmazlar (Çev.), Karşılaştırmalı Güncel Ceza Hukuku Serisi 15, Ceza Muhakemesi Hukukunda Delil ve İspat (Ankara: Seçkin Yayınevi,2014), 127.

Unpublished Thesis:
Author's First Name Last Name, Title of the Thesis, Unpublished Master’s/Doctoral Thesis, name of Institute and Department (Year), page number.
Ex.: Sevtap Metin, Hukuk Normunun Yorumu, Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, İstanbulÜniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Kamu Hukuku Anabilim Dalı (2002), 237.

Online Materials:
Guide on Article 9 of the European Convention on Human Rights, Freedom of Thought, Conscience and Religion, Updated on 31 August 2022, Erişim Tarihi: Temmuz 31, 2023, https://www.echr.coe. int/documents/d/echr/guide_art_9_eng.

Court Decisions
• Citations for Turkish court decisions should include: The name of the court, the date of the decision, case number, decision number, and (if available) paragraph number.
Example:
YİBK, D. 12.12.2024, C. 2023/34, D. 2024/186
YHGK, D. 12.12.2024, C. 2023/34, D. 2024/186
Y. 6. HD, D. 12.12.2024, C. 2023/34, D. 2024/186
Ankara 3. BİM, D. 12.12.2024, C. 2023/34, D. 2024/186
• Citations for Constitutional Court decisions:
Example:
Erdem Gül and Can Dündar Application, App. No. 2015/18567, D. 25/02/2016, p. 50. (For individual application decisions)
AYM, D. 12.12.2024, C. 2023/34, D. 2024/186 (For other decisions)
• Citations for European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) decisions:
Example:
Lingens v. Austria, App. No. 9815/82, D. 8/07/1986, p. 12.(Case names should be written with the country names in Turkish within the text [e.g., Lingens / Avusturya]. However, citations should use the original language of the decision.)
8. The sources used are listed in the bibliography as follows:
Books
• Books with one author: Surname, First Name. Title of the Book. Place of Publication: Publisher, Year.
Ex: Kapani, Münci. Kamu Hürriyetleri. 7. Baskı, Ankara: Yetkin Yayınları.
• Books with multiple authors: Surname, First Name, First Name Surname, and First Name Surname. Title of the Book. Place of Publication: Publisher, Year.
Ex: Akyılmaz, Bahtiyar, Sezginer, Murat ve Kaya, Cemil. Türk İdare Hukuku. Ankara: Savaş Kitabevi, 2021.
• Editorial books: Surname, First Name (Ed.). Title of the Book. Place of Publication: Publisher, Year.
Ex: Brems, Eva (Ed.). Conflicts Between Fundamental Rights. Antwerp: Intersentia, 2008.

Articles
• Surname, First Name. “Title of the Article.” Journal Name Volume, Issue (Year): First-Last Page Numbers.
Ex: Aybay, Rona. “Millî Güvenlik Kavramı ve Millî Güvenlik Kurulu.” AÜSBFD 33, no. 1 (1978): 59-82.

Translated Works
Book Example: Hobbes, Thomas. Leviathan. Semih Lim (Çev.), İstanbul: YKY Yayınları, 2020.
Article Example: Ambos, Kai. “Devlet Masumların Hayatını Kurtarmak İçin Şüphelilere İşkenceYapabilir Mi?”, Hazar, Zeynep, Yılmazlar, Elif Gül (Çev.). Karşılaştırmalı Güncel Ceza Hukuku Serisi 15, Ceza Muhakemesi Hukukunda Delil ve İspat. Ankara: Seçkin Yayınevi, 2014: 125-156.

Online Materials:
Guide on Article 9 of the European Convention on Human Rights, Freedom of Thought, Conscience and Religion, Updated on 31 August 2022, Erişim Tarihi: Temmuz 31, 2023, https://www.echr.coe. int/documents/d/echr/guide_art_9_eng.

9. Abbreviations, such as ibid. and a.g.e. should not be used in citations. If multiple non-sequential pages are cited, a comma should be placed between the page numbers. A hyphen should be used between page numbers when referring to a specific range of consecutive pages. If citing consecutive pages beyond a specific range, the abbreviation 'et seq.' should be used. When making a reference using ‘see’ in a footnote, the abbreviation 'cf.' should be used. For references to footnotes, the abbreviation 'fn.' should be placed after the page number, followed by the footnote number.