The Process of Legitimization of the 2023 Gaza War in Newspapers in Türkiye

Year 2025, Issue: 69, 1 - 20, 18.03.2025

Ahmet Selman Seyhan

https://doi.org/10.47998/ikad.1497276

Abstract

This study addresses the issue of ensuring the legitimacy of war through the visual and textual elements used in newspaper news is addressed. Wars bring with them many deaths and tragedies, they must be based on a legitimate basis in the eyes of the public. Newspaper news, which plays an important role in shaping public opinion, is also functional in ensuring this legitimacy. In this context, the visual and textual elements used to legitimize the war between Hamas/Gaza and Israel on October 7, 2023 are examined in the news articles published in Hürriyet, Yeni Şafak and Sözcü newspapers in Türkiye. The multimodal critical discourse analysis method developed by Kress and van Leeuwen is used for the analysis. This method was preferred in order to accurately determine the function of visual and textual elements in the news in creating legitimacy. The findings reveal that visual and textual elements play an important role in providing legitimacy. Moreover, while the people of Gaza, one of the parties to the war, were portrayed as legitimate in all three newspapers, Hamas was portrayed as legitimate only in Yeni Şafak. As for Israel, all three newspapers were declared illegitimate due to the policies it implemented during the war.

Keywords

Newspaper, News, Legitimacy, Gazze War, Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis

2023 Gazze Savaşının Türkiye’deki Gazetelerde Meşrulaştırılma Süreci

Abstract

Çalışmada, gazete haberlerinde kullanılan görsel ve metin unsurları aracılığı ile savaş meşruiyetinin sağlanması konusu ele alınmaktadır. Savaşlar beraberinde pek çok ölüm ve trajediyi de beraberinde getirdiği için kamuoyu nezdinde meşru bir zemine dayanması gerekmektedir. Kamuoyunun yönlendirilmesinde önemli bir vazife gören gazete haberleri bu meşruiyetin sağlanmasında işlevsel olmaktadır. Bu çerçevede 7 Ekim 2023 tarihinde Hamas/Gazze ile İsrail arasında başlayan savaşın Türkiye’de yayınlanan Hürriyet, Yeni Şafak ve Sözcü gazetelerindeki haberlerde savaşın taraflarını meşrulaştırmak için kullanılan görsel ve metin unsurları incelenmiştir. Analiz için Kress ve van Leeuwen tarafından geliştirilen çok modlu eleştirel söylem analizi yöntemi kullanılmaktadır. Haberlerdeki görsel ve metin unsurlarının meşruiyet oluşturmada gördüğü işlevin doğru şekilde tespit edilebilmesi için bu yöntem tercih edilmiştir. Bulgular, görsel ve metin unsurlarının meşruiyet sağlamada önemli bir vazife gördüğünü ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca savaşın taraflarından Gazze halkı üç gazetede meşru olarak tasvir edilirken Hamas sadece Yeni Şafak gazetesinde meşru olarak yansıtılmıştır. İsrail ise savaşta uyguladığı politikalar sebebiyle üç gazete de gayrimeşru olarak ifade edilmiştir.

Keywords

Gazete, Haber, Meşruiyet, Gazze Savaşı, Çok Modlu Eleştirel Söylem Analizi

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