The findings about relationship between autoimmune thyroid disease and first-trimester aneuploidy results

Year 2022, Volume: 5 Issue: 6, 1661 - 1665, 25.10.2022

Naziye Gürkan , Halime Çalı Öztürk

https://doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.1179194

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between thyroid autoantibody and first-trimester aneuploidy results. Thyroid autoimmunity (TAI) is the most common autoimmune disorder. Patients with TAI are usually euthyroid. Thyroid peroxidase (TPO-Ab) in patients with or without thyroid dysfunction is associated with infertility, recurrent embryo implantation failure, and early pregnancy loss. The impact of TPO-Ab on first-trimester aneuploidy test results needs to be studied.
Material and Method: This retrospective case-control study was conducted between December 2019 and May 2022. Patients with thyroid autoantibody positivity (n=112) were included in the study as the case group. The control group was selected from age and body mass index (BMI)-matched patients (n=130). Nuchal translucency (NT), crown rump length (CRL), pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) and free beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG)) values were compared between the two groups.
Results: This study included two hundred forty two age-matched (29.86±4.51) and BMI-matched (23.96±2.34) women. There was no statistically significant difference between groups in terms of free thyroxine (FT4), PAPP-A and free β-hCG (p>0.05). NT as a marker for major chromosomal defects and CRL were comparable in case and control groups (p>0.05).
Conclusion: There is no statistically significant relationship between thyroid autoimmune diseases and the first-trimester aneuploidy results.

Keywords

Aneuploidy, thyroid, autoimmune thyroid disease

References

• Mc Sweeney LC, Monteith C, Kelliher N, et al. 252: Changing patterns of invasive fetal diagnostic testing in the era of NIPT. AJOG 2018; 218: 162-3.
• Mikwar M, MacFarlane AJ, Marchetti F. Mechanisms of oocyte aneuploidy associated with advanced maternal age. Mutat Res Rev Mutat Res 2020; 785: 108320.
• Bouariu A, Panaitescu AM, Nicolaides KH. First trimester prediction of adverse pregnancy outcomes-identifying pregnancies at risk from as early as 11-13 weeks. Medicina (Kaunas) 2022; 58: 332.
• LeFevre NM, Sundermeyer RL. Fetal aneuploidy: screening and diagnostic testing. Am Fam Physician 2020; 101: 481-8.
• Gregg AR, Gross SJ, Best RG, et al. ACMG statement on noninvasive prenatal screening for fetal aneuploidy. Genet Med 2013; 15: 395-8.
• American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists’ Committee on Practice Bulletins—Obstetrics; Committee on Genetics; Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine. Screening for Fetal Chromosomal Abnormalities: ACOG Practice Bulletin, Number 226. Obstet Gynecol 2020; 136: 48-69.
• Shahat ARS, Greco G. The economic costs of childhood disability: a literature review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18: 3531.
• Karadeniz RS, Altay M, Karasu Y, Gelişen O, Haberal A. Comparison of triple and qadrupple test in second trimester Down syndrome screening. GORM 2009; 15: 4-7.
• Kagan KO, Sonek J, Kozlowski P. Antenatal screening for chromosomal abnormalities. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2022; 305: 825-35.
• Canick JA, Kellner LH. First trimester screening for aneuploidy: serum biochemical markers. Semin Perinatol 1999; 23: 359-68.
• Dhillon-Smith RK, Coomarasamy A. TPO antibody positivity and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 34: 101433.
• Saravanan P, Dayan CM. Thyroid autoantibodies. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2001; 30: 315-7.
• Chardès T, Chapal N, Bresson D, et al. The human anti-thyroid peroxidase autoantibody repertoire in Graves' and Hashimoto's autoimmune thyroid diseases. Immunogenetics 2002; 54: 141-57.
• Faul F, Erdfelder E, Buchner A, Lang AG. Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behav Res Methods. 2009; 41: 1149-60.
• Xie J, Jiang L, Sadhukhan A, et al. Effect of antithyroid antibodies on women with recurrent miscarriage: A meta-analysis. Am J Reprod Immunol 2020; 83: e13238.
• Midan MF, Elfayoumy KN, El-Bassiony WM, Al-Metwally AA. Thyroid-stimulating hormone in pregnancy: are we in need of a lower cutoff value? BMFJ 2018; 35: 241.
• Iravani AT, Saeedi MM, Pakravesh J, Hamidi S, Abbasi M. Thyroid autoimmunity and recurrent spontaneous abortion in Iran: a case-control study. Endocr Pract 2008; 14: 458-64.
• Lata K, Dutta P, Sridhar S, et al. Thyroid autoimmunity and obstetric outcomes in women with recurrent miscarriage: a case–control study. Endocr Connect 2013; 2: 118-24.
• Wang JW, Liao XX, Li T. Thyroid autoimmunity in adverse fertility and pregnancy outcomes: timing of assisted reproductive technology in AITD women. J Transl Int Med 2021; 9: 76-83.
• Gungor K, Dokuzeylul Gungor N. Antithyroid antibodies may predict serum beta HCG levels and biochemical pregnancy losses in euthyroid women with IVF single embryo transfer. Gynecol Endocrinol 2021; 37: 702-5.
• Perminova S. Pathology of the thyroid gland in women with infertility. Klinicheskaya i eksperimental’naya tireoidologiya. 2011; 7: 44-50.
• Alexander EK, Pearce EN, Brent GA, et al. 2017 Guidelines of the American Thyroid Association for the Diagnosis and Management of Thyroid Disease During Pregnancy and the Postpartum. Thyroid 2017; 27: 315-89.
• Quintino-Moro A, Zantut-Wittmann DE, Tambascia M, Machado Hda C, Fernandes A. High prevalence of infertility among women with Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Int J Endocrinol 2014; 2014: 982705.
• Venables A, Wong W, Way M, Homer HA. Thyroid autoimmunity and IVF/ICSI outcomes in euthyroid women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2020; 18: 120.
• Wasserman EE, Pillion JP, Duggan A, et al. Childhood IQ, hearing loss, and maternal thyroid autoimmunity in the Baltimore Collaborative Perinatal Project. Pediatr Res 2012; 72: 525-30.
• Wasserman EE, Nelson K, Rose NR, et al. Maternal thyroid autoantibodies during the third trimester and hearing deficits in children: an epidemiologic assessment. Am J Epidemiol 2008; 167: 701-10.
• Negro R, Schwartz A, Gismondi R, Tinelli A, Mangieri T, Stagnaro-Green A. Thyroid antibody positivity in the first trimester of pregnancy is associated with negative pregnancy outcomes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011; 96: 920-4.
• Männistö T, Vääräsmäki M, Pouta A, et al. Perinatal outcome of children born to mothers with thyroid dysfunction or antibodies: a prospective population-based cohort study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009; 94: 772-9.
• Dokuzeylül Güngör N, Gürbüz T, Erşahin AA. The effects of transfer day in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) pregnancies on first trimester screening test results. Adıyaman Üni. Sağlık Bilimleri Derg 2018; 4: 1083-93.
• Dokuzeylül Güngör N, Gürbüz T, Gökmen Karasu AF, Ersahin AA. The alteration of first trimester screening markers in fresh and frozen-thawed blastocyst transfers. EuRj 2019; 5: 686-90.