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Food neophobia in the elderly: evaluation of constipation, malnutrition and nutrition

Year 2025, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 10 - 17, 12.01.2025
https://doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.1575219

Abstract

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate food neophobia, constipation, malnutrition, and nutritional status in elderly individuals.
Methods: The study was conducted on individuals aged ≥65 years selected by random sampling method and 406 individuals were reached. A questionnaire was used to collect demographic parameters (age, gender) of the participants. Anthropometric measurements were taken by researchers and then body-mass index (BMI) and waist-to-height ratio (WHR) were determined by standard methods, and a validated Food Neophobia Scale (FNS) was used to determine the food neophobia levels of individuals. One-day food consumption of individuals was determined by the 24-hour retrospective reminder method. Constipation was defined according to the modified Rome IV criteria.
Results: There was a statistically significant relationship between food neophobia levels and BMI classifications of women, men, and all elderly individuals (p<0.001). There was a statistically significant relationship between the level of food neophobia and waist/height ratio in women, men, and all elderly individuals (p<0.001). There was a statistically significant relationship between food neophobia levels and the constipation status of women and all elderly individuals (p<0.05). There was a statistically significant relationship between food neophobia levels and mini nutritional assessment (MNA) classifications of women, men, and all elderly individuals (p<0.001). While there was no statistically significant difference between malnutrition groups according to energy, carbohydrate, fat, protein, and pulp levels (median) (p>0.05), there was a statistically significant difference between malnutrition groups of neutral and non-constipated elderly individuals only according to water consumption levels (median) (p<0.05). The water consumption level (median) of the elderly in the malnourished group was significantly lower than the water consumption level of the elderly in the risk of malnutrition and normal nutritional status groups.
Conclusion: Treatments for age-related conditions such as constipation, malnutrition, and undernutrition that focus on novel foods need to be carefully designed. The elderly should be a market segment that promotes healthy products, where new products can be introduced and purchased without concern.

References

  • Barber SL, van Gool K, Wise S, et al. Pricing long-term care for older persons. World Health Organization. 2021.
  • Kislaya I, Santos AJ, Gil AP. Co-occurrence of different types of violence in Portuguese elder adults. Comprehensiv Psychiatr. 2013;49:113-120.
  • Buz S. Yaşlı bireylere yönelik yaş ayrımcılığı. Elektr Sos Bil Derg. 2016; 14(53):268-278.
  • Nezlek JB, Forestell CA. Food neophobiaand the five-factor model of personality. Food Quality Preference. 2019;73:210-214.
  • de Andrade Previato HDR, Behrens JH. Taste-related factors and food neophobia: Are they associated with nutritional status and teenagers’ food choices? Nutrition. 2017;42:23-29.
  • Pliner P, Salvy S. Food neophobia in humans. Front Nutrit Sci. 2006;3:75-90.
  • Black JM, Hawks JH. Medical surgical nursing: clinical management for positive outcomes (8th ed.). USA: Saunders Elsevier Company. 2009;653-726.
  • Werth BL, Williams KA, Pont LG. A longitudinal study of constipation and laxative use in a community dwelling elderly population. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2015;60(3):418-424.
  • Gallagher PF, Mahony DO, Quigley EMM. Management of chronic constipation in elderly. Drugs Aging. 2008;25(10):807-821.
  • Selçuk H. Malnütrisyon ve önemi. Güncel Gastroenterol. 2012;16(2):158-162.
  • Bauer JM, Kaiser MJ, Anthony P, et al. The Mini Nutritional Assessment: Its history, today’s practice, and future perspectives. Nutrit Clin Pract. 2008;23(4):388-396.
  • Camina-Martín MA, De Mateo-Silleras B, Malafarina V, et al. Nutritional status assessment in geriatrics: Consensus declaration by the Spanish society of geriatrics and gerontology nutrition workgroup. Maturitas. 2015;81(3):414-419.
  • Hoca M, Türker PF. Kıbrıs Gazimağusa’da yaşayan yaşlı bireylerin beslenme alışkanlıkları, beslenme durumları ve yaşam kalitesinin değerlendirilmesi. Beslenme Diyet Derg. 2017;45(1):44-52.
  • Cai L, Liu A, Zhang Y, Wang P. Waist-to-height ratio and cardiovascular risk factors among Chinese adults in Beijing. Plos One. 2013;8(7):e69298.
  • Duman E, Akçil-Ok M, Keser A. Besin neofobisi ölçeğinin Türkçeye uyarlanması: geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Kocaeli Üni Sağ Bil Derg. 2020;6(2):157-161.
  • Uçar ME. Yetişkin bireylerde yeni besin korkusu ve diyetin kalitesinin değerlendirilmesi. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü). 2018.
  • Gençel M. Gıda neofobisi düzeyinin yiyecek seçim faktörleri ile ilişkisi (Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü). 2021.
  • Jonkers CF, Thomas J. Manual of dietetic practice. Br J Nutrit. 2008; 99(6):1394.
  • Rakıcıoğlu N, Tek N, Ayaz A, Pekcan A. Yemek ve besin fotoğraf kataloğu ölçü ve miktarlar. Ankara: Ata Ofset Matbaacılık, 2010:132.
  • Erhardt J. Beslenme Bilgi Sistemi (BeBiS) [Nutrition Information System] 7.1 Full Version. Stuttgart: Üniversite Hohenheim’de geliştirildi. 2010.
  • Martínez-González AE, Cervin M, Pérez-Sánchez S. Assessing gastrointestinal symptoms in people with autism: Applying a new measure based on the Rome IV criteria. Digestive and Liver Disease. 2024;56:1863-1870.
  • Kaiser MJ, Bauer JM, Ramsch C, et al. Validation of the mini nutritional assessment short-form (MNA®-SF): a practical tool for identification of nutritional status. J Nutrit Health Aging. 2009;13(9):782-788.
  • Yabancı N, Akdevelioğlu Y, Rakıcıoğlu N. Yaşlı bireylerin sağlık ve beslenme durumlarının değerlendirilmesi. Beslenme Diyet Derg. 2012; 40(2):128-135.
  • Stoica M, Alexe P. Factors influencing food neophobia. A brief review. J Res Trade Manag Econom Develop. 2016;2(2):35-41.
  • Tańska M, Babicz-Zielińska E, Chaillot A. Attitudes of elderly people towards new and unfamiliar food. Handel Wewnętrzny. 2017;1(366):368-376.
  • Rubio B, Rigal N, Boireau-Ducept N, et al. Measuring willingness to try new foods: a self-report questionnaire for French-speaking children. Appetite. 2008;50(2):408-414.
  • Soucier VD, Doma KM, Farrell EL, et al. An examination of food neophobia in older adults. Food Quality Prefer. 2019;72:143-146.
  • Keskin E, Sezen N. Restoranları deneyimleyen misafirlerin neofobi ve neofili düzeylerinin belirlenmesi: Kapadokya örneği. Türk Turizm Araşt Derg. 2020;4(2):1592-1606.
  • Sarin HV, Taba N, Fischer K, et al. Food Neophobiaassociates with poorer dietary quality, metabolic risk factors and ıncreased disease outcome risk in population-based cohorts in a metabolomics study. Am J Clin Nutrit. 2019;110(1):233-245.
  • Proserpio C, Laureati M, Invitti C, Pagliarini E. Reduced taste responsiveness and increased food neophobia characterize obese adults. Food Quality Prefer. 2018;63:73-79.
  • Jezewska-Zychowicz M, Plichta M, Drywień ME, Hamulka J. Food neophobiaamong adults: differences in dietary patterns, food choice motives, and food labels reading in poles. Nutrients. 2021;13(5):1590.
  • Pekcan G. Beslenme Durumunun Saptanması. Diyet El Kitabı. 2008;67-141.
  • Turan N, Aştı TA. Konstipasyon yönetiminde abdominal masajin önemi. Anad Hemşir Sağ Bil Derg. 2015;18(2):148-154.
  • Del Campo C, Bouzas C, Monserrat-Mesquida M, Tur JA. Food neophobias in Spanish adults with overweight or obesity by sex: their association with sociodemographic factors and the most prevalent chronic diseases. Foods. 2024;13(13):2030.
  • Yönt GH, Khorshıd L, Türk G, et al. Huzurevinde kalan yaşlı bireylerde konstipasyon tanısının değerlendirilmesi. Florence Nightingale J Nurs. 2011;19(2):83-88.
  • Capiola A, Raudenbush B. The efects of food neophobia and food neophilia on diet and metabolic processing. Food Nutr Sci. 2012;03:1397-1403.
  • Zickgraf HF, Schepps K. Fruit and vegetable intake and dietary variety in adult picky eaters. Food Quality Preference. 2016;54:39-50.
  • Appleton KM, Smith E. A role for identification in the gradual decline in the pleasantness of flavors with age. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2015;71(6):987-994.

Yaşlılarda gıda neofobisi: kabızlık, yetersiz beslenme ve beslenmenin değerlendirilmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 10 - 17, 12.01.2025
https://doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.1575219

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada yaşlı bireylerde gıda neofobisi, konstipasyon, malnütrisyon ve beslenme durumunun değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntemler: Çalışma rastgele örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen 65 yaş ve üzeri bireyler üzerinde yürütülmüş ve 406 bireye ulaşılmıştır. Katılımcıların demografik parametrelerini (yaş, cinsiyet) toplamak için bir anket kullanılmıştır. Araştırmacılar tarafından antropometrik ölçümler alınmış, ardından standart yöntemlerle vücut-kitle indeksi (VKİ) ve bel-boy oranı (BKO) belirlenmiş ve bireylerin gıda neofobi düzeylerini belirlemek için geçerliliği kanıtlanmış Gıda Neofobi Ölçeği (GNÖ) kullanılmıştır. Bireylerin bir günlük gıda tüketimi 24 saatlik retrospektif hatırlatma yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. Konstipasyon modifiye Roma IV kriterlerine göre tanımlanmıştır.
Bulgular: Kadın, erkek ve tüm yaşlı bireylerin gıda neofobi düzeyleri ile BKİ sınıflandırmaları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki vardı (p<0.001). Kadın, erkek ve tüm yaşlı bireylerin gıda neofobisi düzeyi ile bel/boy oranı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki vardı (p<0.001). Kadınların ve tüm yaşlı bireylerin gıda neofobi düzeyleri ile kabızlık durumları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki vardı (p<0,05). Kadın, erkek ve tüm yaşlı bireylerin gıda neofobi düzeyleri ile mini nutrisyonel değerlendirme (MNA) sınıflandırmaları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki vardır (p<0,001). Enerji, karbonhidrat, yağ, protein ve posa düzeylerine (ortanca) göre malnütrisyon grupları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmazken (p>0,05), sadece su tüketim düzeylerine (ortanca) göre nötr ve kabız olmayan yaşlı bireylerin malnütrisyon grupları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Malnütrisyonlu gruptaki yaşlıların su tüketim düzeyi (ortanca), malnütrisyon riski ve normal beslenme durumu gruplarındaki yaşlıların su tüketim düzeyinden anlamlı derecede düşüktü.
Sonuç Kabızlık, yetersiz beslenme ve yetersiz beslenme gibi yaşa bağlı rahatsızlıklara yönelik yeni gıdalara odaklanan tedavilerin dikkatle tasarlanması gerekmektedir. Yaşlılar, yeni ürünlerin tanıtılabileceği ve endişe duymadan satın alınabileceği, sağlıklı ürünleri teşvik eden bir pazar segmenti olmalıdır.

References

  • Barber SL, van Gool K, Wise S, et al. Pricing long-term care for older persons. World Health Organization. 2021.
  • Kislaya I, Santos AJ, Gil AP. Co-occurrence of different types of violence in Portuguese elder adults. Comprehensiv Psychiatr. 2013;49:113-120.
  • Buz S. Yaşlı bireylere yönelik yaş ayrımcılığı. Elektr Sos Bil Derg. 2016; 14(53):268-278.
  • Nezlek JB, Forestell CA. Food neophobiaand the five-factor model of personality. Food Quality Preference. 2019;73:210-214.
  • de Andrade Previato HDR, Behrens JH. Taste-related factors and food neophobia: Are they associated with nutritional status and teenagers’ food choices? Nutrition. 2017;42:23-29.
  • Pliner P, Salvy S. Food neophobia in humans. Front Nutrit Sci. 2006;3:75-90.
  • Black JM, Hawks JH. Medical surgical nursing: clinical management for positive outcomes (8th ed.). USA: Saunders Elsevier Company. 2009;653-726.
  • Werth BL, Williams KA, Pont LG. A longitudinal study of constipation and laxative use in a community dwelling elderly population. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2015;60(3):418-424.
  • Gallagher PF, Mahony DO, Quigley EMM. Management of chronic constipation in elderly. Drugs Aging. 2008;25(10):807-821.
  • Selçuk H. Malnütrisyon ve önemi. Güncel Gastroenterol. 2012;16(2):158-162.
  • Bauer JM, Kaiser MJ, Anthony P, et al. The Mini Nutritional Assessment: Its history, today’s practice, and future perspectives. Nutrit Clin Pract. 2008;23(4):388-396.
  • Camina-Martín MA, De Mateo-Silleras B, Malafarina V, et al. Nutritional status assessment in geriatrics: Consensus declaration by the Spanish society of geriatrics and gerontology nutrition workgroup. Maturitas. 2015;81(3):414-419.
  • Hoca M, Türker PF. Kıbrıs Gazimağusa’da yaşayan yaşlı bireylerin beslenme alışkanlıkları, beslenme durumları ve yaşam kalitesinin değerlendirilmesi. Beslenme Diyet Derg. 2017;45(1):44-52.
  • Cai L, Liu A, Zhang Y, Wang P. Waist-to-height ratio and cardiovascular risk factors among Chinese adults in Beijing. Plos One. 2013;8(7):e69298.
  • Duman E, Akçil-Ok M, Keser A. Besin neofobisi ölçeğinin Türkçeye uyarlanması: geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Kocaeli Üni Sağ Bil Derg. 2020;6(2):157-161.
  • Uçar ME. Yetişkin bireylerde yeni besin korkusu ve diyetin kalitesinin değerlendirilmesi. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü). 2018.
  • Gençel M. Gıda neofobisi düzeyinin yiyecek seçim faktörleri ile ilişkisi (Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü). 2021.
  • Jonkers CF, Thomas J. Manual of dietetic practice. Br J Nutrit. 2008; 99(6):1394.
  • Rakıcıoğlu N, Tek N, Ayaz A, Pekcan A. Yemek ve besin fotoğraf kataloğu ölçü ve miktarlar. Ankara: Ata Ofset Matbaacılık, 2010:132.
  • Erhardt J. Beslenme Bilgi Sistemi (BeBiS) [Nutrition Information System] 7.1 Full Version. Stuttgart: Üniversite Hohenheim’de geliştirildi. 2010.
  • Martínez-González AE, Cervin M, Pérez-Sánchez S. Assessing gastrointestinal symptoms in people with autism: Applying a new measure based on the Rome IV criteria. Digestive and Liver Disease. 2024;56:1863-1870.
  • Kaiser MJ, Bauer JM, Ramsch C, et al. Validation of the mini nutritional assessment short-form (MNA®-SF): a practical tool for identification of nutritional status. J Nutrit Health Aging. 2009;13(9):782-788.
  • Yabancı N, Akdevelioğlu Y, Rakıcıoğlu N. Yaşlı bireylerin sağlık ve beslenme durumlarının değerlendirilmesi. Beslenme Diyet Derg. 2012; 40(2):128-135.
  • Stoica M, Alexe P. Factors influencing food neophobia. A brief review. J Res Trade Manag Econom Develop. 2016;2(2):35-41.
  • Tańska M, Babicz-Zielińska E, Chaillot A. Attitudes of elderly people towards new and unfamiliar food. Handel Wewnętrzny. 2017;1(366):368-376.
  • Rubio B, Rigal N, Boireau-Ducept N, et al. Measuring willingness to try new foods: a self-report questionnaire for French-speaking children. Appetite. 2008;50(2):408-414.
  • Soucier VD, Doma KM, Farrell EL, et al. An examination of food neophobia in older adults. Food Quality Prefer. 2019;72:143-146.
  • Keskin E, Sezen N. Restoranları deneyimleyen misafirlerin neofobi ve neofili düzeylerinin belirlenmesi: Kapadokya örneği. Türk Turizm Araşt Derg. 2020;4(2):1592-1606.
  • Sarin HV, Taba N, Fischer K, et al. Food Neophobiaassociates with poorer dietary quality, metabolic risk factors and ıncreased disease outcome risk in population-based cohorts in a metabolomics study. Am J Clin Nutrit. 2019;110(1):233-245.
  • Proserpio C, Laureati M, Invitti C, Pagliarini E. Reduced taste responsiveness and increased food neophobia characterize obese adults. Food Quality Prefer. 2018;63:73-79.
  • Jezewska-Zychowicz M, Plichta M, Drywień ME, Hamulka J. Food neophobiaamong adults: differences in dietary patterns, food choice motives, and food labels reading in poles. Nutrients. 2021;13(5):1590.
  • Pekcan G. Beslenme Durumunun Saptanması. Diyet El Kitabı. 2008;67-141.
  • Turan N, Aştı TA. Konstipasyon yönetiminde abdominal masajin önemi. Anad Hemşir Sağ Bil Derg. 2015;18(2):148-154.
  • Del Campo C, Bouzas C, Monserrat-Mesquida M, Tur JA. Food neophobias in Spanish adults with overweight or obesity by sex: their association with sociodemographic factors and the most prevalent chronic diseases. Foods. 2024;13(13):2030.
  • Yönt GH, Khorshıd L, Türk G, et al. Huzurevinde kalan yaşlı bireylerde konstipasyon tanısının değerlendirilmesi. Florence Nightingale J Nurs. 2011;19(2):83-88.
  • Capiola A, Raudenbush B. The efects of food neophobia and food neophilia on diet and metabolic processing. Food Nutr Sci. 2012;03:1397-1403.
  • Zickgraf HF, Schepps K. Fruit and vegetable intake and dietary variety in adult picky eaters. Food Quality Preference. 2016;54:39-50.
  • Appleton KM, Smith E. A role for identification in the gradual decline in the pleasantness of flavors with age. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2015;71(6):987-994.
There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Nutrition and Dietetics (Other)
Journal Section Original Article
Authors

Hatice Baygut 0000-0003-1703-1420

Publication Date January 12, 2025
Submission Date October 28, 2024
Acceptance Date November 14, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 8 Issue: 1

Cite

AMA Baygut H. Food neophobia in the elderly: evaluation of constipation, malnutrition and nutrition. J Health Sci Med / JHSM. January 2025;8(1):10-17. doi:10.32322/jhsm.1575219

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