Aims: Worldwide, an increase in multidrug resistance is observed in Escherichia coli (E. coli), Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) isolates, leading to challenges in the treatment of infections caused by these pathogens. This study aims to investigate the in vitro efficacy of ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) against isolates containing K. pneumoniae, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa strains obtained from respiratory tract samples sent from intensive care units.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 653 Enterobacterales (E. coli, K. pneumoniae) and P. aeruginosa isolates obtained from respiratory tract cultures, including sputum, tracheal aspirates, and bronchial lavage, from patients over 18 years old admitted to the intensive care units of Ordu University Training and Research Hospital between May 1, 2021, and May 1, 2024. Automated systems were used to identify the pathogens and perform antibiotic susceptibility testing. Discriptive data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 24.0.
Results: A total of 653 isolates from respiratory tract samples were included in the study, consisting of 368 Enterobacteriaceae [61 E. coli (9.3%) and 307 K. pneumoniae (47%)] and 285 P. aeruginosa (43.7%). These samples were isolated from endotracheal aspirate (69.5%), sputum (27.9%), and bronchoalveolar lavage (2.6%). Among all isolates, 364 (55.7%) were found to be sensitive to carbapenems, while 289 (44.3%) were carbapenem-resistant. Of the samples, 631 (96.6%) were sensitive to CZA, while 22 (3.4%) were resistant. Although resistance to CZA was detected in 3.6% of K. pneumoniae isolates and 3.9% of P. aeruginosa isolates, no resistance was detected in E. coli. Colistin resistance was observed in 15.3% of K. pneumoniae and 5.6% of P. aeruginosa isolates, but was absent in E. coli isolates. Resistance rates to other antibiotics were as follows for E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and P. aeruginosa isolates, respectively: amikacin (3.3%, 46.6%, 8.1%), ciprofloxacin (73.8%, 73.6%, 85.9%), ceftazidime (67.2%, 77.8%, 35.8%), piperacillin-tazobactam (26.2%, 70%, 37.2%), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (52.5%, 66.4%, 0%).
Conclusion: In our study, CZA was found to be the most effective antibiotic against multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales and P. aeruginosa isolates, followed by colistin.
Multidrug resistance Escherichia coli Klebsiella pneumoniae Pseudomonas aeruginosa ceftazidime-avibactam
Ethics Committee Approval This study was approved by the Ordu University Non-Interventional Scientific Research Ethics Committee (Date: July 26, 2024, Decision No: 109, Application No: BAEK 124).
The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. The authors declared that they did not receive any financial support for this study.
The authors are grateful to the anonymous referees for their comments that helped improve the article.
Amaçlar: Dünya çapında, Escherichia coli (E. coli), Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) ve Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) izolatlarında çoklu ilaç direncinde artış gözlemlenmekte ve bu durum bu patojenlerin neden olduğu enfeksiyonların tedavisinde zorluklara yol açmaktadır. Bu çalışma, yoğun bakım ünitelerinden gönderilen solunum yolu örneklerinden elde edilen K. pneumoniae, E. coli ve P. aeruginosa suşlarını içeren izolatlara karşı seftazidim-avibaktamın (CZA) in vitro etkinliğini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Yöntemler: 1 Mayıs 2021 ile 1 Mayıs 2024 tarihleri arasında Ordu Üniversitesi Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi yoğun bakım ünitelerine yatırılan 18 yaş üstü hastalardan alınan balgam, trakeal aspirat ve bronş lavajı gibi solunum yolu kültürlerinden elde edilen 653 Enterobacterales (E. coli, K. pneumoniae) ve P. aeruginosa izolatı retrospektif olarak analiz edildi. Patojenleri tanımlamak ve antibiyotik duyarlılık testlerini yapmak için otomatik sistemler kullanıldı. Tanımlayıcı veri analizi SPSS sürüm 24.0 kullanılarak yapıldı.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya solunum yolu örneklerinden toplam 653 izolat dahil edildi. Bunlardan 368'i Enterobacteriaceae [61 E. coli (%9,3) ve 307 K. pneumoniae (%47)] ve 285'i P. aeruginosa (%43,7) idi. Bu örnekler endotrakeal aspirat (%69,5), balgam (%27,9) ve bronkoalveolar lavajdan (%2,6) izole edildi. Tüm izolatlar arasında 364 (%55,7) tanesinin karbapenemlere duyarlı, 289 (%44,3) tanesinin ise karbapenemlere dirençli olduğu bulundu. Örneklerin 631 (%96,6) tanesinin CZA'ya duyarlı, 22 (%3,4) tanesinin ise dirençli olduğu bulundu. K. pneumoniae izolatlarının %3,6'sında ve P. aeruginosa izolatlarının %3,9'unda CZA direnci saptanmasına karşın, E. coli'de direnç saptanmadı. Kolistin direnci K. pneumoniae izolatlarının %15,3'ünde ve P. aeruginosa izolatlarının %5,6'sında gözlendi, ancak E. coli izolatlarında yoktu. Diğer antibiyotiklere karşı direnç oranları E. coli, K. pneumoniae ve P. aeruginosa izolatları için sırasıyla şu şekildeydi: amikasin (%3,3, %46,6, %8,1), siprofloksasin (%73,8, %73,6, %85,9), seftazidim (%67,2, %77,8, %35,8), piperasilin-tazobaktam (%26,2, %70, %37,2) ve trimetoprim-sülfametoksazol (%52,5, %66,4, %0).
Sonuç: Çalışmamızda, çoklu ilaca dirençli Enterobacterales ve P. aeruginosa izolatlarına karşı en etkili antibiyotik CZA olarak bulundu, bunu kolistin izledi.
Çoklu ilaç direnci Escherichia coli Klebsiella pneumoniae Pseudomonas aeruginosa seftazidim-avibaktam
Primary Language | English |
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Subjects | Chest Diseases, Clinical Microbiology, Medical Bacteriology |
Journal Section | Original Article |
Authors | |
Publication Date | January 12, 2025 |
Submission Date | November 19, 2024 |
Acceptance Date | December 11, 2024 |
Published in Issue | Year 2025 Volume: 8 Issue: 1 |
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