Research Article
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Year 2024, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 115 - 122, 05.01.2024
https://doi.org/10.53850/joltida.1313998

Abstract

References

  • Alderson, P. (2004). Ethics. In S. Fraser, V. Lewis, S. Ding, M. Kellett, & C. Robinson, (Eds.), Doing research with children and young people (pp. 97–112). London: Sage.
  • Blackburn, C. (2015, June 22). Researching with young and developmentally young children: Ethical considerations, dilemmas and compromises. BERA. https://www.bera.ac.uk/blog/researching-with-young-and-developmentally-young-children-ethical-considerations-dilemmas-and-compromises
  • Burston, J. (2015). Twenty years of MALL project implementation: A meta-analysis of learning outcomes. ReCALL, 1(27), 4–20. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0958344014000159
  • Dörnyei, Z. (2007). Research Methods in Applied Linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Duman, G., Orhon, G., & Gedik, N. (2014). Research trends in mobile assisted language learning from 2000 to 2012. ReCALL, 27(2), 197–216. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0958344014000287
  • Chinnery, G. M. (2006). Going to the MALL: Mobile assisted language learning. Language Learning & Technology, 11(1), 9-16.
  • Esit, Ö. (2011). Your verbal zone: An intelligent computer-assisted language learning program in support of Turkish learners’ vocabulary learning. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 24(3), 211–232. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2010.538702
  • García Botero, G., Botero Restrepo, M. A., Zhu, C., & Questier, F. (2021). Complementing in-class language learning with voluntary out-of-class MALL. Does training in self-regulation and scaffolding make a difference? Computer Assisted Language Learning, 34(8), 1013–1039. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2019.1650780
  • Garton, S., & Tekin, S. (2022). Teaching English to young learners. In E. Hinkel (Ed.) Handbook of Practical Second Language Teaching and Learning (pp. 83–96). London: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003106609-7
  • Hsu, L. (2016). Examining EFL teachers’ technological pedagogical content knowledge and the adoption of mobile-assisted language learning: A partial least square approach. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 29(8), 1287-1297. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2016.1278024
  • Jalilifar, A., & Mashhadi, A. (2013). Current trends in research on mobile phones in language learning. Journal of Research in Applied Linguistics, 4(2), 110-127.
  • Jarvis, H., & Achilleos, M. (2013). From Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) to Mobile Assisted Language Use (MALU). Tesl-ej, 16(4), 1–18.
  • Kukulska-Hulme, A., & Shield, L. (2008). An overview of mobile assisted language learning: From content delivery to supported collaboration and interaction. ReCALL, 20(3), 271–289. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0958344008000335
  • Kukulska‐Hulme, A. (2013). Mobile-assisted language learning. In C. A. Chapelle (Ed.), The encyclopedia of applied linguistics (pp. 3701–3709). London: Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Kukulska‐Hulme, A., Lee, H., & Norris, L. (2017). Mobile Learning Revolution: Implications for Language Pedagogy. The Handbook of Technology and Second Language Teaching and Learning, 217–233.
  • Li, R. (2022). Effects of Mobile-Assisted Language Learning on EFL/ESL Reading Comprehension. Educational Technology & Society, 25(3), 15–29.
  • Lin, J. J., & Lin, H. (2019). Mobile-assisted ESL/EFL vocabulary learning: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 32(8), 878–919. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2018.1541359
  • Little, D. (2007). Language Learner Autonomy: Some Fundamental Considerations Revisited. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 1(1), 14–29. https://doi.org/10.2167/illt040.0
  • Loewen, S., & Plonsky, L. (2016). An A-Z of applied linguistics research methods. New York: Palgrave.
  • Mays, B. R., Yeh, H. C., & Chen, N. S. (2020). The Effects of Using Audience Response Systems Incorporating Student-Generated Questions on EFL Students’ Reading Comprehension. Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 29(6), 553–566. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40299-020-00506-0
  • Mishra, P., & Koehler, M. J. (2006). Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge: A Framework for Teacher Knowledge. Teachers College Record 108(6), 1017–1054. https://doi.org/10.1177/016146810610800610
  • Moon, J. (2005). Children Learning English. Oxford: MacMillan.
  • Pinter, A. (2017). Teaching young language learners. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Pinter, A., Kuchah, K., & Smith, R. (2013). Researching with children. ELT Journal, 67(4), 484–487. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/cct033
  • Rogers, J., & Revesz, A. (2019). Experimental and quasi-experimental designs. In J. McKinley & H. Rose (Eds.) The Routledge handbook of research methods in Applied Linguistics (pp. 133-143). London: Routledge.
  • Stockwell, G. (2022). Mobile assisted language learning: Concepts, contexts and challenges. Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108652087
  • Stockwell, G., & Hubbard, P. (2013). Some emerging principles for mobile-assisted language learning. The International Research Foundation for English Language Education, 1-15.
  • Tekin, S. (2023b). CALL teacher education for young learner classrooms. In D. Tafazoli, & M. Picard (Eds.), Handbook of CALL teacher education and professional development: Voices from under-represented contexts (117-133). Singapore: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-0514-0_8
  • Thongsri, N., Shen, L., & Yukun, B. (2019). Does academic major matter in mobile assisted language learning? A quasi-experimental study. In International Journal of Information and Learning Technology 36(1), pp. 21–37). https://doi.org/10.1108/IJILT-05-2018-0043
  • Wong, T. L., Xie, H., Zou, D., Wang, F. L., Tang, J. K. T., Kong, A., & Kwan, R. (2020). How to facilitate self-regulated learning? A case study on open educational resources. Journal of Computers in Education, 7(1), 51–77. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40692-019-00138-4
  • Wu, T. T., Sung, T. W., Huang, Y. M., Yang, C. S., & Yang, J. T. (2011). Ubiquitous English learning system with dynamic personalized guidance of learning portfolio. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 14(4), 164-180.
  • Yang, Y., & Song, Y. (2022). Understanding primary students’ self-regulated vocabulary learning behaviours on a mobile app via learning analytics and their associated outcomes: A case study. Journal of Computers in Education, 1-30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40692-022-00251-x

MALL with Young Learners: Methodological and Ethical Considerations in Quasi-Experimental Research Design

Year 2024, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 115 - 122, 05.01.2024
https://doi.org/10.53850/joltida.1313998

Abstract

The enormous developments in technology and hence the widespread use of hand-held devices in the last few decades have led to great interest in mobile-assisted language learning (MALL) as a new way of language education. MALL is considered an effective method particularly for young language learners due to their higher level of familiarity with the technology compared to their predecessors. Thus, an increasing number of mobile apps focusing on language education of children has been developed recently. It has also attracted researchers who carry out studies on MALL in terms of various perspectives such as learners’ learning processes and perspectives. However, an important aspect of MALL which is the use of portable devices and apps individually out of school settings poses possible problems in terms of carrying out quasi-experimental studies. To this end, this paper combines three major areas in Applied Linguistics, namely, MALL, quasi-experimental research design, and young language learners and focuses on salient issues which are identified as lack of control, training, convenience of MALL activities for children, and ethical issues. Based on the TPACK framework, a new framework is proposed to incorporate young learners’ characteristics in MALL studies. It is believed that the consideration of these points will be beneficial to future studies utilising quasi-experimental design in MALL with children.

References

  • Alderson, P. (2004). Ethics. In S. Fraser, V. Lewis, S. Ding, M. Kellett, & C. Robinson, (Eds.), Doing research with children and young people (pp. 97–112). London: Sage.
  • Blackburn, C. (2015, June 22). Researching with young and developmentally young children: Ethical considerations, dilemmas and compromises. BERA. https://www.bera.ac.uk/blog/researching-with-young-and-developmentally-young-children-ethical-considerations-dilemmas-and-compromises
  • Burston, J. (2015). Twenty years of MALL project implementation: A meta-analysis of learning outcomes. ReCALL, 1(27), 4–20. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0958344014000159
  • Dörnyei, Z. (2007). Research Methods in Applied Linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Duman, G., Orhon, G., & Gedik, N. (2014). Research trends in mobile assisted language learning from 2000 to 2012. ReCALL, 27(2), 197–216. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0958344014000287
  • Chinnery, G. M. (2006). Going to the MALL: Mobile assisted language learning. Language Learning & Technology, 11(1), 9-16.
  • Esit, Ö. (2011). Your verbal zone: An intelligent computer-assisted language learning program in support of Turkish learners’ vocabulary learning. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 24(3), 211–232. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2010.538702
  • García Botero, G., Botero Restrepo, M. A., Zhu, C., & Questier, F. (2021). Complementing in-class language learning with voluntary out-of-class MALL. Does training in self-regulation and scaffolding make a difference? Computer Assisted Language Learning, 34(8), 1013–1039. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2019.1650780
  • Garton, S., & Tekin, S. (2022). Teaching English to young learners. In E. Hinkel (Ed.) Handbook of Practical Second Language Teaching and Learning (pp. 83–96). London: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003106609-7
  • Hsu, L. (2016). Examining EFL teachers’ technological pedagogical content knowledge and the adoption of mobile-assisted language learning: A partial least square approach. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 29(8), 1287-1297. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2016.1278024
  • Jalilifar, A., & Mashhadi, A. (2013). Current trends in research on mobile phones in language learning. Journal of Research in Applied Linguistics, 4(2), 110-127.
  • Jarvis, H., & Achilleos, M. (2013). From Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) to Mobile Assisted Language Use (MALU). Tesl-ej, 16(4), 1–18.
  • Kukulska-Hulme, A., & Shield, L. (2008). An overview of mobile assisted language learning: From content delivery to supported collaboration and interaction. ReCALL, 20(3), 271–289. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0958344008000335
  • Kukulska‐Hulme, A. (2013). Mobile-assisted language learning. In C. A. Chapelle (Ed.), The encyclopedia of applied linguistics (pp. 3701–3709). London: Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Kukulska‐Hulme, A., Lee, H., & Norris, L. (2017). Mobile Learning Revolution: Implications for Language Pedagogy. The Handbook of Technology and Second Language Teaching and Learning, 217–233.
  • Li, R. (2022). Effects of Mobile-Assisted Language Learning on EFL/ESL Reading Comprehension. Educational Technology & Society, 25(3), 15–29.
  • Lin, J. J., & Lin, H. (2019). Mobile-assisted ESL/EFL vocabulary learning: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 32(8), 878–919. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2018.1541359
  • Little, D. (2007). Language Learner Autonomy: Some Fundamental Considerations Revisited. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 1(1), 14–29. https://doi.org/10.2167/illt040.0
  • Loewen, S., & Plonsky, L. (2016). An A-Z of applied linguistics research methods. New York: Palgrave.
  • Mays, B. R., Yeh, H. C., & Chen, N. S. (2020). The Effects of Using Audience Response Systems Incorporating Student-Generated Questions on EFL Students’ Reading Comprehension. Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 29(6), 553–566. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40299-020-00506-0
  • Mishra, P., & Koehler, M. J. (2006). Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge: A Framework for Teacher Knowledge. Teachers College Record 108(6), 1017–1054. https://doi.org/10.1177/016146810610800610
  • Moon, J. (2005). Children Learning English. Oxford: MacMillan.
  • Pinter, A. (2017). Teaching young language learners. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Pinter, A., Kuchah, K., & Smith, R. (2013). Researching with children. ELT Journal, 67(4), 484–487. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/cct033
  • Rogers, J., & Revesz, A. (2019). Experimental and quasi-experimental designs. In J. McKinley & H. Rose (Eds.) The Routledge handbook of research methods in Applied Linguistics (pp. 133-143). London: Routledge.
  • Stockwell, G. (2022). Mobile assisted language learning: Concepts, contexts and challenges. Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108652087
  • Stockwell, G., & Hubbard, P. (2013). Some emerging principles for mobile-assisted language learning. The International Research Foundation for English Language Education, 1-15.
  • Tekin, S. (2023b). CALL teacher education for young learner classrooms. In D. Tafazoli, & M. Picard (Eds.), Handbook of CALL teacher education and professional development: Voices from under-represented contexts (117-133). Singapore: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-0514-0_8
  • Thongsri, N., Shen, L., & Yukun, B. (2019). Does academic major matter in mobile assisted language learning? A quasi-experimental study. In International Journal of Information and Learning Technology 36(1), pp. 21–37). https://doi.org/10.1108/IJILT-05-2018-0043
  • Wong, T. L., Xie, H., Zou, D., Wang, F. L., Tang, J. K. T., Kong, A., & Kwan, R. (2020). How to facilitate self-regulated learning? A case study on open educational resources. Journal of Computers in Education, 7(1), 51–77. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40692-019-00138-4
  • Wu, T. T., Sung, T. W., Huang, Y. M., Yang, C. S., & Yang, J. T. (2011). Ubiquitous English learning system with dynamic personalized guidance of learning portfolio. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 14(4), 164-180.
  • Yang, Y., & Song, Y. (2022). Understanding primary students’ self-regulated vocabulary learning behaviours on a mobile app via learning analytics and their associated outcomes: A case study. Journal of Computers in Education, 1-30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40692-022-00251-x
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Information Systems Philosophy, Research Methods and Theory
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Serdar Tekin 0000-0003-4625-4324

Publication Date January 5, 2024
Submission Date June 13, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 9 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Tekin, S. (2024). MALL with Young Learners: Methodological and Ethical Considerations in Quasi-Experimental Research Design. Journal of Learning and Teaching in Digital Age, 9(1), 115-122. https://doi.org/10.53850/joltida.1313998

Journal of Learning and Teaching in Digital Age 2023. © 2023. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. 19195

Journal of Learning and Teaching in Digital Age. All rights reserved, 2023. ISSN:2458-8350