This article examines the militia units formed in the First World War. At the beginning of the war, militia units were used to complete the deficiencies in the fronts that needed soldiers. As it is known, after the Balkan Wars, the number of armies decreased to 200,000 as some members of the army were demobilized and liquidated. It was not possible for an army with this number of soldiers to respond to the need in the war. For this reason, militia units were formed at the beginning of the First World War to increase the number of soldiers. The Unionists, who had the experience of Macedonia and Tripoli, played an important role in this orientation. Militia units were employed in all fronts, especially the Caucasian Front, which suffered significant losses in the Sarıkamış Operation. Two ways were preferred to form militia units. The first of these was voluntary units, and the second was tribal units. Volunteer units were formed mainly by refugees, Kurdish, Laz, Acar and other elements. Commanders from the Special Organization were appointed to their heads, and they were employed in critical areas. On the other hand, the recruitment of the Hamidiye Regiments, which were neglected during the Second Constitutional Era, to the army formed the second source of the militia organization. The name of the Hamidiye Light Horse Regiments, which was established during the reign of Abdülhamid II, was changed to Tribal Light Horse Regiments and reorganized. With this arrangement, the troops, which lost their former importance, became one of the forces that the people had hoped for again. During the First World War, between 25-45 thousand militia units were employed in the fronts and contributed to the defense of the homeland.
History Ottoman Empire First World War Militia Forces Tribal Cavalry Units Hamidiye Regiments
Osmanlı Devleti Birinci Dünya Savaşı, Milis Birlikleri, Aşiret Süvari Birlikleri , Hamidiye Alayları
Primary Language | Turkish |
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Journal Section | Refereed Articles |
Authors | |
Publication Date | December 23, 2021 |
Submission Date | October 23, 2021 |
Acceptance Date | December 8, 2021 |
Published in Issue | Year 2021 Issue: 12 |
Katre International Human Studies Journal is open access journal under the CC BY-NC license (Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License)
Based on a work at https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/katre
E-mail: katre@iikv.org