Tabaka Sayısının Kestane Glulam Kirişlerin Eğilme Özelliklerine Etkisi

Year 2024, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 62 - 71, 15.03.2024

Yasemin Şimşek Türker , Şemsettin Kılınçarslan

https://doi.org/10.31466/kfbd.1347435

Abstract

Son yıllarda, yapıştırıcı ve laminasyon teknolojilerindeki ilerlemeler, düşük kaliteli ve dayanıksız ucuz ahşap hammaddesinden yüksek kaliteli ve değerli ürünlerin üretilmesinde önemli fırsatlar sunmuştur. Laminasyon genellikle çok katmanlı malzeme üretim yöntemini ifade eder. Bu üretim sürecinin temel hedefi, oluşturulan kompozit ürünün dayanıklılığı, stabilitesi gibi birçok özelliğini geliştirip iyileştirmektedir. Glulam olarak adlandırılan tabakalı lamine kereste, kereste liflerinin birbirine paralel olarak hazırlanıp tutkal yardımıyla birbirine yapıştırılmasıyla oluşturulan tabakalı bir kompozit malzemedir. Bu çalışmada, kestane ağacı türlerinden üretilen masif, 3 katlı ve 5 katlı glulam kirişlerin eğilme özellikleri deneysel ve sayısal olarak incelenmiştir. 5 katlı glulam kirişlerin elastisite modülü, 3 katlı kirişlerden %13,39 ve masif kirişlerden %48,31 daha yüksektir. 5 katmanlı kirişin eğilme dayanımı değeri, 3 katmanlı kirişten %24,21 ve solid kirişten %65,28 daha yüksektir. Deneysel ve sayısal analiz sonuçları arasında maksimum %2 fark vardır. Sonuçları karşılaştırıldığında sonuçların birbirine yakın olduğu görülmektedir.

Keywords

Ahşap yapı, Glulam, Kestane kiriş, Eğilme testi, Sonlu elemanlar analizi

Project Number

FDK-6950

Effect of Layers Number on The Bending Properties of Chestnut Glulam Beams

Abstract

In recent years, advances in adhesive and lamination technologies have offered significant opportunities in the production of high-quality and valuable products from low-quality and non-durable cheap wood raw materials. Lamination generally refers to a multilayer material production method. The main goal of this production process is to develop and improve many properties of the created composite product, such as durability and stability. Laminated timber, called glulam, is a layered composite material formed by preparing timber fibers parallel to each other and gluing them together with the help of glue. In this study, the bending properties of solid, 3-layer and 5-layer glulam beams produced from chestnut tree species were investigated experimentally and numerically. The modulus of elasticity (MOE) of 5-layer glulam beams is 13.39% higher than 3-layer beams and 48.31% higher than solid beams. The modulus of rupture (MOR) value of the 5-layer beam is 24.21% higher than the 3-layer beam and 65.28% higher than the solid beam. There is a maximum difference of 2% between the experimental and numerical analysis results. When the results are compared, it is seen that the results are close to each other.

Keywords

Wood structure, Glulam, Chestnut beam, Bending test, Finite element analysis

Supporting Institution

SDÜ-BAP

Project Number

FDK-6950

References

• Abdulghafoor, Z. H., and Al-Baghdadi, H. A., (2022). Static and Dynamic Behavior of Circularized Reinforced Concrete Columns Strengthened with Hybrid CFRP. Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research, 12(5), 9336-9341.
• Atasoy, E., and Altingöz, Y., (2011). Importance and Production of Chestnut in the World and Turkey. Journal of Geography, 1(22), 1-13.
• Buchanan, A. H., and Fairweather, R. H., (1993). Seismic Design of Glulam Structures, Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering, 26 (4), 415-436.
• Di, J. Zuo, H., and Li, Y., (2022). Flexural Performance of Glulam Strengthened With Flax-Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites, Wood Material Science & Engineering, 1-10.
• Dietsch, P., and Tannert, T., (2015). Assessing The Integrity of Glued-Laminated Timber Elements, Construction and Building Materials, 101,1259–1270.
• Fossetti, M., Minafò, G. and Papia, M., (2015). Flexural Behaviour of Glulam Timber Beams Reinforced With FRP Cords. Construction and Building Materials, 95, 54-64.
• Gao, Y., Wu, Y., Zhu, X., Zhu, L., Yu, Z., and Wu, Y., (2015). Numerical Analysis of The Bending Properties of Cathay Poplar Glulam. Materials, 8(10), 7059-7073.
• Güray, A., Kilic, M., Doğru, G. and Özer, M., (2003). The Effects of Applying Force Direction And Glue Types On The Bending Strength Of Laminated Wood Material Produced From Brown Oak (Quercus Robur L.), Thecnolojy, 6(1), (1-9).
• Herawati E., Massijiya Muh Y., and Nugroho N., (2010). Performance of Glued Laminated Beams Made From Small Diameter Fast Growing Tree Species. J Biol Sci, 10(1), 37–42.
• Indah S., Naresworo N., Surjono S., and Hadi Y.S., (2008). The Performance of Laminas Thickness For Horizontally Glued Laminated Beam. J Teknik Sipil, 15(3), 113–22.
• Karayilmazlar, S., Çabuk, Y., Atmaca, A., and Aşkin, A., (2007). Lamination Technique And Its Importance In The Forest Products Industry. Journal of Bartın Faculty of Forestry, 9(11), 78-86.
• Kilinçarslan, Ş. and Simsek Turker, Y., (2020a). Investigation of Wooden Beam Behaviors Reinforced With Fiber Reinforced Polymers, Organic Polymer Material Research, 2 (1), 1-7.
• Kilinçarslan, Ş. and Simsek Turker, Y., (2020b). Evaluation In Terms Of Sustainability Of Wood Materials Reinforced With FRP. Journal of Technical Sciences, 10(1), 23-30. doi: 10.35354/tbed.615101.
• Kilincarslan, Ş. and Simsek Türker, Y., (2020c). Physical-Mechanical Properties Variation with Strengthening Polymers. Acta Physica Polonica, 137.
• Kilinçarslan, Ş. and Simsek Turker, Y., (2022). Strengthening of solid beam with fiber reinforced polymers. Turkish Journal of Engineering, 7(3), 166-171. Doi: 10.31127/tuje.1026075
• Kilincarslan, S., and Turker, Y. S., (2021). Experimental Investigation Of The Rotational Behaviour Of Glulam Column-Beam Joints Reinforced With Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites. Composite Structures, 262, 113612.
• Kilic, M., and Celebi, G., (2006). Compression, Cleavage, And Shear Resistance Of Composite Construction Materials Produced From Softwoods And Hardwoods. J Appl Polym Sci, 102, 3673–8.
• Kržišnik, D., Grbec, S., Lesar, B., Plavˇcak, D., Šega, B., Šernek, M., and Straže, A., (2020). Durability and Mechanical Performance of Differently Treated Glulam Beams during Two Years of Outdoor Exposure. Drvnia Inds., 71, 243–252.
• Li, G., Zhao, R. and Zhang, W., (2022). Experimental Research on Axial Compression Performance of Glulam Columns Reinforced By Steel Strips. Wood Material Science & Engineering, 1-14.
• Ohuchi, T., Murakami, Y. and Fujimoto, N., (2009). Evaluation of Finger-Jointed Laminae For Glulam Timber By Acoustic Emission I. Development of Jig For Acoustic Emission Sensor Installed To Production Line And Its Verification Test. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 54, 467–470.
• Sahin, C., Topay, M. and Var, A. A., (2020). A Study onSome Wood Species for Landscape Applications:Surface Color, Hardness and Roughness Changes at Outdoor Conditions. Wood Research, 65(3), 395-404
• Sena-Cruz, J., Jorge, M., Branco, J.M. and Cunha, V.M.C.F., (2013). Bond Between Glulam and NSM CFRP Laminates, Construction and Building Materials, 40, 260–269.
• Sütcü, A., and Cambazoğlu, M. (2023). Modular Wooden House Production to Solve the Emergency Shelter Need After the Earthquake. Academic Recommendations for the Aftermath of Kahramanmaraş Centered Earthquakes, 259-272.
• Shu, Z., Li, Z., Yu, X., Zhang, J., and He, M. (2019). Rotational Performance Of Glulam Bolted Joints: Experimental Investigation And Analytical Approach. Construction and Building Materials, 213, 675-695.
• Toratti, T., and Schnabl, G. (2007). Turk, Reliability Analysis of a Glulam Beam, Structural safety, 29 (4), 279-293.
• Unsal, O., and Ayrilmis, N., (2005). Variations In Compression Strength And Surface Roughness Of Heat-Treated Turkish River Red Gum (Eucalyptus Camaldulensis) Wood. Journal of Wood Science, 51(4), 405-409.
• Wan Hazira W.M., Mohd A.R., and Zakiah A., (2011). Bending Strength Properties Of Glued Laminated Timber From Selected Malaysian Hardwood Timber. J Civil Environ Eng IJCEE-IJENS, 11(4), 7–12.
• Wdowiak-Postulak, A., (2022). Strengthening of Structural Flexural Glued Laminated Beams of Ashlar with Cords and Carbon Laminates. Materials, 15 (23), 8303.
• Yang, H., Liu, W., Lu, W., Zhu, S., and Geng, Q., (2016). Flexural Behavior of FRP And Steel Reinforced Glulam Beams: Experimental And Theoretical Evaluation, Construction and building materials, 106, 550-563.